In the article the results of studies of species of the genus Astragalus L. in the Zabaykalsky Krai in terms of collector's nursery. The characteristic of the species and specimens of Astragalus in winter hardiness, yield of green mass, foliage plants, nutrition of the forage, seed yields and sowing qualities of seeds.

The diversity of wild relatives of cultivated plants of Amur Oblast of the Russian Far East was inventoried and analyzed. The recommendations of the gene pool conservation are given. In this paper we provide the priority species for in situ conservations (139 species) and the candidates for “Red list of wild relatives of cultivated plants species of Russia” (28 species).

The presence of the resulting fruit and mature seeds of introduced plants - one of the indicators of the success of introduction of new types of tests in specific climatic conditions. The study of the latent period and the evaluation of the quality of reproductive diaspora are necessary to develop recommendations for the implementation of promising species for the needs of the national economy and the urban and landscape gardening. This assessment is important for collections of the Botanical Gardens, as they participate in the international exchange of seeds, and it is always important to know - what quality seeds are sent or received in the garden upon request. The purpose of this work - assessment of the quality of seeds of some species of apple tree Malus Mill. (Rosaceae), introduced in the Peter the Great Botanical Garden. In the course of the work it is shown that in the conditions of St. Petersburg, a considerable number of introduced species of fruit each year form a complete and viable seeds. It was found that different types of apples are not all the fruits of the seeds are formed, and many formed seeds are damaged by pests. That less, for seed multiplication, you can use the seeds of its own reproduction, but only after a careful selection of the most large and made of them not affected by pests. It is necessary to carry out preventive measures to fumigation reproductive dias-poras for timely pest control.

There has idendified a capacity of interspecific hybrids involving wild species Solanum bulbocastanum Dun. to create new potato varieties. A possibilities of using the breeding material for the valuable commercial traits, including adaptation to environmental conditions, resistance to pests and diseases. The genealogy of created varieties, including the origin of the secondary interspecific hybrids and backcrosses has demonstraded.

In 2012-1016, 23 chickpea accessions from VIR and 23 accessions from the collection of chickpea somaclones of the Siberian Research Institute of Forages were studied at Omsk State Agrarian University. The research performed in the southern forest-steppe of West Siberia resulted in identifying chickpea accessions with a shorter growing season, high plant productivity, good processability, and high symbiotic activity. The possibility of using cluster analysis for comprehensive assessment of source material for chickpea breeding was demonstrated. The nature of inheritance of agronomic traits in F₁ chickpea hybrids was revealed, and recommendations for selection were formulated. A correlation was established between the major characters.

Presents the results of a long-term study of 260 collection samples of plum branch Volgograd ES VIR. Assessment was conducted on the fruit content of sugars, acids, ascorbic acid, dry matter. Determined sugar-acid index and fruit weight. Performed correlation analysis and the results of the descriptive statistics. Selected sources for breeding for fruit quality, both for individual indicators and sets of indicators. Of special note are the samples ‘Reneclaude DAlthan’, ‘Zimmers Fruhzwetsche’, ‘Dream’, ‘Gulyaeva’, ‘Bogatyrskaya’, ‘Durancie’, ‘D’Agen’, ‘Renklod Ontario’).

Three-year study of one hundred world collection of alfalfa was conducted in Central Black-Earth zone of Russia. The varieties of Medicago × varia ‘Zheltogibridnaya 99’, ‘Flora 2’, ‘Karlygash’ and ‘№ 152’ (hybrid ‘Severnaya hybridnaya’ בAugune II’) were recommended for breeding programs. The most variable were character of seed production, productivity of green mass and hay yield productivity; character of foliage and the intensity of regrowth of plants on the 20-th day after spring regrowth had medium variability. The height before the first mowing and height in the phase of full flowering had low variability. There was a significant correlation between the yield of green mass and hay, the yield of green mass and intensity of regrowth and a weak negative correlation between the yield of green mass and seed yield.

The frost resistance of six varieties of "northern highbush blueberry" (early-ripening - ‘Bluetta’, ‘Spartan’, mid-season - ‘Bluecrop’, ‘Toro’, late-ripening - ‘Elizabeth’, ‘Elliott’) has been studied in the condition of Polesie (southern agro climatic region of the Republic of Belarus) during 2012-2014. It was revealed that late-ripening varieties display lower frost-resistance than early and mid-season varieties on the second and fourth components of winter hardiness.

A comparative evaluation of flax varieties on drained and usual field showed that during significant rainfalls drainage provides increased yields of seeds and straw, and in their lack suppress seeds development. Varieties genotypes influence on high straw yield accumulation is stronger than that on seed formation under the drained conditions during moderate drought in the later stages of vegetation. Use of drained lands for evaluation of the adaptive potential of flax varieties allows identifying their response to different hydrothermal conditions and selects the most promising genotypes.

As CMS sources 3 flax lines were used: gc-204 (open flower, sterile anthers), gc-208 and gc-188 are self fertile, their sterility occurs only in hybridization with other lines. The linkage group of rft3 (sterile tubular flowers) - pf1 (pink flower) - CSB1 (cilia on the bolls’ walls) with the frequency of crossing-over 10, 28 and 34cM, respectively was found. Independent inheritance of rft genes with others: YSED1(yellow seeds) and rft3-2; pbc1(light blue star-shaped flower) and rft3-6; rft3-7, rft5-2, rft6, rft7; ygp1 (yellow-green plant) and rft6, rft7; s1 and rft5-2, and independent inheritance of genes restoring pollen fertility of open flowers (RFO) with genes: RFO6, RFO8, RFO9 and pf-ad, RFO6, RFO7 and pbc1, RFO7 and s1 (white star-shaped flower, yellow seeds) were shown.

In the Northern Turan's flora by the present moment 134 species of Brassicaceae Burnett family were noted. It was revealed that 96 (71.6%) species among them had the anthropophilous nature of distribution. They may be found in the destructed, in a varying degree (from weak to very strong), habitats. At the same time 33 species (34.4%) among 96 revealed species may be concerned to wild relatives of cultivated plants.

To expand the genetic basis of newly created varieties of potatoes a complex interspecific hybrids from VIR (N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources) were used as parental lines that combine resistance to the most harmful pathogens with a complex of valuable commercial traits in progeny from crosses with breeding varieties. This provides the possibility to identify transgressive recombinants and increases the efficiency of selection of new promising varieties with different maturity and target use.