Resistance of bread wheat introgression accessions with genetic material from the Triticum and Aegilops genera to rust diseases in Western Siberia

Background. Protection of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars from rust diseases strongly requires expanding the genetic base of breeding with relative species.

Materials and methods. The research material included 39 accessions of spring bread wheat with identified or unknown resistance genes (Lr and Sr) against leaf and stem rusts transferred from Triticum spp. or Aegilops spp. The leaf and stem rust development was estimated in 2020–2024 in the fields of Western Siberia (Omsk) and, at the seedling stage, under laboratory conditions. Under rust epidemics in 2024, the accessions’ resistance was characterized using the indicators “Area Under the Disease Progress Curve” (AUDPC) and “Resistance Index” (RI).

Results and conclusion. Most of the accessions were highly resistant to leaf and stem rusts in 2020–2022. Under the 2024 epidemics, the following accessions manifested high resistance to both diseases: ‘Duet’ (Lr9), KS90WGRC10 (Lr39), the lines of cv. ‘Thatcher’ (Tc) with identified genes Lr18, Lr28, Lr35/Sr39, Lr37/Sr38, Lr50 and Lr51, as well as ‘Pavon’ (Lr47), TA5602 (Lr57), Allard 52-1-1-17-1 (k-45165), ‘Yektay 406’, and ANK-40. Resistance to stem rust was determined in TcLr21, TcLr22a, W2691 SR36TT1, ‘Virovka’, Allard 52-1-1-17-1, ‘Gouritz’, ‘Livanjka’, W2691 SR37TT2, ‘Gartus 598’, Wb. 58633, Lutescens 84981, L-592, and ‘Element 22’. The Sr36 gene was identified in Allard 52-1-1-17-1, ‘Gouritz’, and ‘Livanjka’ using a PCR analysis. The resistant accessions had low grain yields, which must be taken into account when using them in breeding programs.

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