Аллельное разнообразие генов короткостебельности ячменя HvGA20ox2, Sln1, HvBRI1 и HvDep1 – интеграция литературных данных и результатов анализа пангенома in silico

Настоящий обзор посвящен анализу полиморфизма генов короткостебельности HvGA20ox2, HvBRI1 и HvDep1 культурного ячменя, а также перспективного в этом плане гена Sln1. Обобщены данные о механизме действия и роли в селекции их аллелей, как природных, так и индуцированных. С целью расширения сведений о полиморфизме генов HvGA20ox2, Sln1, HvBRI1 и HvDep1 в обзор интегрированы результаты анализа in silico их последовательностей в пангеноме культурного ячменя, включающего 53 генотипа. В результате выявлен спектр ранее неизвестных гаплотипов и мутаций, потенциально ассоциированных с признаком высоты растений. Для гена HvGA20ox2 идентифицировано 10 гаплотипов промоторной области и 6 типов белка, включая известные аллели sdw1.c, sdw1.d, sdw1.ins и sdw1.ZU9, причем последние два дифференцированы на подтипы. Ген Sln1 характеризовался высокой консервативностью кодирующей области (изменения обнаружены лишь у 3 генотипов) при значительном разнообразии промотора (13 гаплотипов). Для гена HvBRI1 выявлен аллель короткостебельности uzu1.a, однако в целом для него характерен наименьший полиморфизм как промоторной, так и кодирующей области. Для гена HvDep1 показана максимальная вариабельность промотора (81% образцов отличались от дикого типа) при высокой консервативности белка. Таким образом, полученные сведения расширяют возможности направленного использования выявленного генетического разнообразия для дальнейших фундаментальных и прикладных исследований в селекции ячменя.

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