Biochemical quality profiling of subtropical fruit crops by capillary electrophoresis
https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2026-1-o8
Abstract
Background. Fruit quality assessment based on the analysis of biochemical markers using capillary electrophoresis is a promising field of analytical research. This method provides high resolution when analyzing multicomponent mixtures (organic acids, sugars, etc.) with minimal reagent consumption. Its application is essential for the development of competitive subtropical fruit crop cultivars adapted to Russian environments and capable of replacing imported produce.
Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 5 cultivars of peach, 3 of nectarine, 5 of feijoa, and 5 of Actinidia. Fruits were sampled in the commercial maturity stage. Quantification of organic acids and sugars was performed by capillary electrophoresis using a Kapel-105M system (75 µm quartz capillary) with flow-through detection and data processing using the Elforan software.
Results and conclusion. Significant intervarietal differences were revealed the content of the analyzed compounds. The peach cv. ‘Redhaven’ demonstrated a balanced acid profile (4.28 mg/g of malic acid, and 4.78 of citric acid), while cv. ‘Osenniy Rumyanets’ had the highest total sugar content (198.56 mg/g). The nectarine cv. ‘Obilny’ also showed the maximum total sugar content (195.61 mg/g). The feijoa cv. ‘Superba’ had the highest sucrose content (101.70 mg/g), and cv. ‘SHV-07’ the maximum of monosaccharides. Fructose and glucose predominated in cvs. ‘Apsny’ and ‘Pobeditel’ of Actinidia, while cv. ‘Otkhara’ contained the maximum of total sugars among Actinidia cultivars (217.41 mg/g). Capillary electrophoresis proved effective as a primary method for screening biochemical markers. The data obtained provided a scientific basis for breeding fruit cultivars with improved flavor and nutritional value in Russia’s subtropical climate.
Supporting agencies: The publication was prepared within the framework of the state task assigned to the Subtropical Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, No. FGRW-2025-0005 “Fundamental patterns of biochemical processes in the transformation of raw materials of subtropical plant production”, registration number 125071808812-9.
About the Authors
N. B. Platonova
Subtropical Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Natalia B. Platonova, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Senior Researcher
2/28 Yana Fabritsiusa St., Sochi 354002, Russia
V. A. Kunina
Subtropical Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Viktoria A. Kunina, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher
2/28 Yana Fabritsiusa St., Sochi 354002, Russia
References
1. Abilfazova Yu.S. Biochemical composition of peach fruits in the subtropical regions of Russia. Horticulture and Viticulture. 2021;(2):19-23. [in Russian]. DOI: 10.31676/0235-2591-2021-2-19-23
2. Abilfazova Yu.S., Besedina T.D., Tutberidze Ts.V. Biochemical composition of fruit in Actinidia deliciosa (A. Chev.) C.F. Liang & A.R. Ferguson in the humid subtropics of Russia. Horticulture and Viticulture. 2023;(5):42-48. [in Russian]. DOI: 10.31676/0235-2591-2023-5-42-48
3. Ayba L.Ya. Kiwi cultivation in Abkhazia (Kultura kivi v Abkhazii). Sukhum: Alashara; 2001. [in Russian]
4. Batashova S.S., Zolotukhina A.A., Guryleva A.V., Platonova N.B., Kunina V.A. Method for automated assessment of the effectiveness of fruit safety enhancement using an acousto-optical imaging spectrometer. Journal of Optical Technology. 2024;91(7):452-458. DOI: 10.1364/JOT.91.000452
5. Besedina T.D., Tutberidze Z.V. Problematic aspects in technology of Actinidia sweet (kiwifruit) cultivation in subtropics of Russia. Subtropical and Ornamental Horticulture. 2011;(44):143-147. [in Russian]
6. Boeing H., Bechthold A., Bub A., Ellinger S., Haller D., Kroke A. et al. Critical review: vegetables and fruit in the prevention of chronic diseases. European Journal of Nutrition. 2012;51(6):637-663. DOI: 10.1007/s00394-012-0380-y
7. Eremin G.V., Provorchenko A.V., Gavrish V.F., Podorozhnyi V.N., Eremin V.G. Stone fruit crops. Growing on clonal rootstocks and own roots (Kostochkovye kultury. Vyrashchivaniye na klonovykh podvoyakh i sobstvennykh kornyakh). Rostov-on-Don: Phoenix; 2002. [in Russian]
8. Komarova N.V., Kamentsev Ya.S. Practical guide to the use of the KAPEL capillary electrophoresis systems (Prakticheskoye rukovodstvo po ispolzovaniyu sistem kapillyarnogo elektroforeza “KAPEL”). St. Petersburg: Veda; 2006. [in Russian]
9. Liu R.H. Health-promoting components of fruits and vegetables in the diet. Advances in Nutrition. 2013;4(3):384-392. DOI: 10.3945/an.112.003517
10. Omarov M.D., Omarova Z.M., Karpun N.N. Feijoa cultivation in the humid subtropics of Russia: a monograph (Kultura feykhoa vo vlazhnykh subtropikakh Rossii: monografiya). Sochi; 2020. [in Russian]
11. Phan A.D.T., Chaliha M., Sultanbawa Y., Netzel M.E. Nutritional characteristics and antimicrobial activity of Australian grown feijoa (Acca sellowiana). Foods. 2019;8(9):376. DOI: 10.3390/foods8090376
12. Pokhrel S., Raut N., Bhattarai D.R. Biochemical analysis of kiwifruit grown in Nepal. International Journal of Horticulture. 2019;(9)4:23-30. DOI: 10.5376/ijh.2019.09.0004
13. Richter A.A., Shoferistov E.P. Pomological and biochemical peculiarities of peach hybrids and varieties for genus Persica Mill. (Prunus persica Borkh.) with anthocyanidin pigmentation of fruits pulp and leaves. Plant Varieties Studying and Protection. 2009;1(9):42-50. [in Russian]
14. Ryndin A.V. Kulyan R.V., Slepchenko N.A. Subtropical and flower crops breeding at the Subtropical Scientific Centre. Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2021a;25(4):420-432. [in Russian]. DOI: 10.18699/VJ21.047
15. Ryndin A.V., Kulyan R.V., Slepchenko N.A., Tutberidze Ts.V., Gorshkov V.M. The results of introduction of subtropical, southern fruit and flower-ornamental crops in FRC SSC of RAS. Subtropical and Ornamental Horticulture. 2021b;(77):25-44. [in Russian]. DOI: 10.31360/2225-3068-2021-77-25-43
16. Zipaev D.V., Nikitchenko N.V., Platonov I.A. Determination of organic acids by capillary electrophoresis in the feed beer beverage with triticale. Beer and Beverages. 2017;(1):44-47. [in Russian]
17. Zipaev D.V., Tulina A.A., Kozhukhov A.N. The use of capillary electrophoresis in the evaluation of food and beverages. Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies. 2020;82(1):82-87. [in Russian]. DOI: 10.20914/2310-1202-2020-1-82-87
Review
For citations:
Platonova N.B., Kunina V.A. Biochemical quality profiling of subtropical fruit crops by capillary electrophoresis. Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding. 2026;187(1):21-29. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2026-1-o8
Views:
114
JATS XML
Email this article 