Polymorphism of the Ry_chc gene in domestic potato cultivars and hybrid clones

Background. Potato virus Y (PVY) can cause up to 80% of harvest losses. Development of PVY-resistant cultivars is based on the introgression of the Ry_adg, Ry_sto, Ry-_fsto, and Ry_chc genes. Their sources are Solanum andigenum Juz. et Buk., S. stoloniferum Schltdl., and S. chacoense Bitt., respectively. Two alleles of the Ry_chc gene have been identified: Ry_chc-1 in Japanese potato cultivars and Ry_chc-2 in genotype 40-3 of the S. chacoense PI320285 from the U.S. genebank. Several Russian potato cultivars resistant to PVY were developed on the basis of S. chacoense f. garciae 55d and f. commersonii 58d. The objective of the research was to evaluate domestic potato cultivars, hybrid clones, and accessions of S. chacoense from VIR collection for the presence of the Ry_chc gene, and to develop an effective CAPS marker distinguishing alleles of the Ry_chc gene.

Materials and methods. Immunological tests of 10 domestic cultivars and 25 clones of interspecific potato hybrids were performed. To identify the Ry_chc gene in potato breeding material and in 31 genotypes of S. chacoense, SCAR markers MG64-17 and MG64-17-1 were employed. Alleles Ry_chc-1 and Ry_chc-2 were identified using the CAPS_Rychc marker developed in this study. The amplified MG64-17-1 fragments were cloned and sequenced by the Sanger method.

Results. The Ry_chc gene marker, MG64-17-1, was found in nine potato cultivars developed on the basis of S. chacoense, and in six F₁ hybrid clones (99-10-1 × ‘Russky Suvenir’). The relationship between the presence of the MG64-17-1 marker and PVY resistance was significant: chi-square = 4.01 (p = 0.046). All resistant accessions were protected by the Ry_chc-2 allele. Marker fragments of two allelic variants of the Ry_chc gene were identified in cvs. ‘Belosnezhka’ and ‘Bashkirsky’. ‘Belosnezhka’ contained additional polymorphic sites compared to the reference sequences of Ry_chc-1 and Ry_chc-2. The sequences detected in this research were deposited to the NCBI as PX309300–PX309303.

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