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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2025-4-155-167</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-2325</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКОГО РАЗНООБРАЗИЯ КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙ ДЛЯ РЕШЕНИЯ ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ И ПРИКЛАДНЫХ ПРОБЛЕМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>IDENTIFICATION OF THE DIVERSITY OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVES FOR SOLVING FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED PROBLEMS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Полиморфизм гена Rychc у отечественных сортов и гибридных клонов картофеля</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Polymorphism of the  Rychc   gene in domestic potato cultivars and hybrid clones</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0049-8781</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Алексеевна Иванова, ведущий специалист, ВИР</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Ivanova, Leading Specialist, VIR</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zavarihinakat@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2743-068X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогозина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rogozina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Вячеславовна Рогозина, доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник,  ВИР</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Rogozina, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher,  VIR</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">erogozina@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0151-8349</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Косарева</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosareva</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Сергеевна Косарева, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, старший научный сотрудник, ВИР</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga S. Kosareva, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Senior Researcher,  VIR</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">okosareva@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1791-3063</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гурина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gurina</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алёна Алексеевна Гурина, кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник, ВИР</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alena A. Gurina, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Researcher,  VIR</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.gurina@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5531-2728</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алпатьева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alpatieva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Владимировна Алпатьева, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, ВИР</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Alpatieva, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher,  VIR</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alpatievanatalia@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт&#13;
генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>186</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>155</fpage><lpage>167</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Иванова Е.А., Рогозина Е.В., Косарева О.С., Гурина А.А., Алпатьева Н.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Иванова Е.А., Рогозина Е.В., Косарева О.С., Гурина А.А., Алпатьева Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivanova E.A., Rogozina E.V., Kosareva O.S., Gurina A.A., Alpatieva N.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2325">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2325</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Широко распространенный вирус картофеля Y (YВК) способен вызвать до 80% потерь урожая. Создание сортов, устойчивых к YВК, основано на интрогресии генов Ryadg, Rysto, Ry-fsto и Rychc, источниками которых служат виды Solanum andigenum Juz. et Buk., S. stoloniferum Schltdl. и S. chacoense Bitt. соответственно. Идентифицированы два аллеля гена Rychc: Rychc-1 в японских сортах картофеля и Rychc-2 у генотипа 40-3 образца S. chacoense PI320285 из коллекции генбанка США. Известны устойчивые к YВК российские сорта картофеля, созданные на основе форм S. chacoense (f. garciae 55d и f. commersonii 58d). Цель исследования: оценить отечественные сорта картофеля, клоны межвидовых гибридов и образцы S. chacoense в коллекции ВИР на наличие гена Rychс и разработать эффективный CAPS-маркер, позволяющий дифференцировать аллели гена Rychc.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Выполнена иммунологическая оценка 10 отечественных сортов и 25 клонов межвидовых гибридов картофеля. Для идентификации гена Rychc у сортов и гибридов картофеля, а также у 31 генотипа S. chacoense использовали SCAR-маркеры MG64-17 и MG64-17-1. Аллели Rychc-1 и Rychc-2 идентифицировали с помощью маркера CAPSRychc, разработанного в данном исследовании. Амплифицированныефрагменты MG64-17-1 клонировали и секвенировали по методу Сэнгера.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Маркер MG64-17-1 гена Rychc найден у девяти сортов картофеля, созданных на основе S. chacoense, и у шести гибридных клонов F1 (99-10-1 × ‘Русский сувенир’); связь между наличием маркера MG64-17-1 и устойчивостью к YВК статистически значимая: χ2 = 4,01 (р = 0,046). Все устойчивые образцы защищены эффективным аллелем гена Rychc-2. У сортов ‘Белоснежка’, ‘Башкирский’ идентифицированы маркерные фрагменты двух аллельных вариантов гена Rychc, причем в нуклеотидных последовательностях сорта ‘Белоснежка’ обнаружены дополнительные полиморфные сайты по сравнению с референсными последовательностями Rychc-1 и Rychc-2. Полученные в работе последовательности депонированы в международную базу данных NCBI (GenBank: PX309300–PX309303).</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Potato virus Y (PVY) can cause up to 80% of harvest losses. Development of PVY-resistant cultivars is based on the introgression of the Ryadg, Rysto, Ry-fsto, and Rychc genes. Their sources are Solanum andigenum Juz. et Buk., S. stoloniferum Schltdl., and S. chacoense Bitt., respectively. Two alleles of the Rychc gene have been identified: Rychc-1 in Japanese potato cultivars and Rychc-2 in genotype 40-3 of the S. chacoense PI320285 from the U.S. genebank. Several Russian potato cultivars resistant to PVY were developed on the basis of S. chacoense f. garciae 55d and f. commersonii 58d. The objective of the research was to evaluate domestic potato cultivars, hybrid clones, and accessions of S. chacoense from VIR collection for the presence of the Rychc gene, and to develop an effective CAPS marker distinguishing alleles of the Rychc gene.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Immunological tests of 10 domestic cultivars and 25 clones of interspecific potato hybrids were performed. To identify the Rychc gene in potato breeding material and in 31 genotypes of S. chacoense, SCAR markers MG64-17 and MG64-17-1 were employed. Alleles Rychc-1 and Rychc-2 were identified using the CAPSRychc marker developed in this study. The amplified MG64-17-1 fragments were cloned and sequenced by the Sanger method.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The Rychc gene marker, MG64-17-1, was found in nine potato cultivars developed on the basis of S. chacoense, and in six F1 hybrid clones (99-10-1 × ‘Russky Suvenir’). The relationship between the presence of the MG64-17-1 marker and PVY resistance was significant: chi-square = 4.01 (p = 0.046). All resistant accessions were protected by the Rychc-2 allele. Marker fragments of two allelic variants of the Rychc gene were identified in cvs. ‘Belosnezhka’ and ‘Bashkirsky’. ‘Belosnezhka’ contained additional polymorphic sites compared to the reference sequences of Rychc-1 and Rychc-2. The sequences detected in this research were deposited to the NCBI as PX309300–PX309303.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Solanum tuberosum</kwd><kwd>Solanum chacoense</kwd><kwd>вирус картофеля Y</kwd><kwd>устойчивость</kwd><kwd>CAPS-маркер</kwd><kwd>аллельные варианты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Solanum tuberosum</kwd><kwd>Solanum chacoense</kwd><kwd>potato virus Y</kwd><kwd>resistance</kwd><kwd>CAPS marker</kwd><kwd>allelic variants</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания Федерального исследовательского центра Всероссийского института генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова (ВИР) FGEM-2025-0005 «Совершенствование подходов и методов ex situ сохранения идентифицированного генофонда клубнеплодных культур (картофель, топинамбур) и их диких родичей, разработка технологий их эффективного использования в селекции».  Авторы благодарят рецензентов за их вклад в экспертную оценку этой работы.</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The research was carried out within the framework of the state task according to the theme plan of VIR, Project No. FGEM-2025-0005 “Improving approaches and methods for ex situ conservation of the identified genetic diversity of tuber crops (potato, and Jerusalem artichoke) and their wild relatives, and developing technologies for their effective use in breeding”.  The authors thank the reviewers for their contribution to the peer review of this work .</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Akai K., Asano K., Suzuki C., Shimosaka E., Tamiya S., Suzuki T. et al. 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