Breeding value of nontraditional pome fruit cultivars and accessions maintained at Krymsk Experiment Breeding Station of VIR
https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2026-2-o8
Abstract
Background. Collections of rare pome fruit crops are valuable source material for breeding programs targeted at the improvement of nutritional properties of apple. The fruits of nontraditional pome crops, such as crabapples and flowering quince, demonstrate high biological value of their mineral and vitamin composition.
Materials and methods. The accessions of crabapples and flowering quince, as well as an apple-quince hybrid, from the VIR collection, maintained at Krymsk Experiment Breeding Station of VIR, were evaluated in 2020–2023 for their fruiting schedule, yield, and consumer qualities of fresh fruits and canned products. Conventional evaluation techniques were used.
Results. Such characters as ripening time, fruit weight, color, taste, pulp density and sugar content, and canning qualities were analyzed in the studied accessions. Among Siberian and Chinese crabapples, cvs. ‘Loiko’, ‘Kyzyl Alma’, ‘Melkoplodnaya M 3’, and ‘Kitayka Krasnaya’ were selected as promising for fruit crop breeding. Flowering quince cvs. ‘Wakaba’, and ‘Texas Scarlet’ were identified for their high fruit quality, sugar content, and pulp density. Their canned products manifested high taste and flavor levels.
Conclusion. Among the studied 18 crabapple accessions with good fruit characteristics, ‘Loiko’, ‘Kyzyl Alma’, ‘Melkolodnaya M 3’, Elita 16-58-5, Elita 16-58-92, and Elita 3-39-54 showed the best prospects as sources for the development of new apple-tree cultivars with higher nutritive value. Complex sources of high fruit quality (pulp density and sugar content, canned product scores of 4.5 to 4.7) were most promising for technological improvement of pome fruit cultivars: crabapple ‘Kyzyl Alma’, ‘Kitayka Krasnaya’, and ‘Melkoplodnaya M 3’; flowering quince ‘Wakaba’, and ‘Texas Scarlet’.
Supporting agencies: the research was performed within the framework of the state tasks according to the theme plan of VIR, Project No. FGEM-2025-0004 “Improving the approaches and methods for ex situ conservation of the identified genetic diversity of vegetatively propagated crops and their wild relatives, and development of technologies for their effective utilization in plant breeding”.
About the Authors
I. S. Chepinoga
N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Krymsk Experiment Breeding Station – branch of VIR
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Irina S. Chepinoga, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher, Krymsk Experiment Breeding Station – branch of VIR
12 Vavilova St., Krymsk 353384, Russia
A. V. Tikhonova
N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Krymsk Experiment Breeding Station – branch of VIR
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Anna V. Tikhonova, Associate Researcher, Krymsk Experiment Breeding Station – branch of VIR
12 Vavilova St., Krymsk 353384, Russia
References
1. Chepinoga I.S., Kovalenko N.N. Introduction and study of decorative properties and adaptivity of chenomeles (Chaenomeles Lindl.) in Kuban. In: Breeding, Seed Production and Technology of Fruit, Berry and Vegetable Crops, and Potatoes: Collection of Scientific Papers. Vol. 19 (Selektsiya, semenovodstvo i tekhnologiya plodovo-yagodnykh, ovoshchnykh kultur i kartofelya: sbornik nauchnykh trudov. T. 19). Chelyabinsk: South Ural Research Institute of Horticulture and Potato Growing; 2017. p.184-197. [in Russian]
2. Dospekhov B.A. Methodology of field trial (with fundamentals of statistical processing of research results) (Metodika polevogo opyta [s osnovami statisticheskoy obrabotki rezultatov issledovaniy]). 5th ed. Moscow: Agropromizdat; 1985. [in Russian]
3. Droficheva N.V., Prichko T.G., Kovalenko N.N. Selection of raw materials for the production of multicomponent functional food products (Podbor syrya dlya proizvodstva mnogokomponentnykh funktsionalnykh produktov pitaniya). In: Scientific Support for the Agro-Industrial Complex: Proceedings of the IV All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference for Young Scientists; Krasnodar, November 24–26, 2010 (Nauchnoye obespecheniye agropromyshlennogo kompleksa: materialy IV Vserossiyskoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii molodykh uchenykh; Krasnodar, 24–26 noyabrya 2010 goda). Krasnodar; 2010. p.254-255. [in Russian]
4. Eremin G.V. (ed.). Contemporary methodological aspects of the organization of the breeding process in horticulture and viticulture (Sovremennye metodologicheskiye aspekty organizatsii selektsionnogo protsessa v sadovodstve i vinogradarstve). Krasnodar; 2012. [in Russian]
5. Eremin G.V., Gasanova T.A., Eremin V.G., Chepinoga I.S. Experience in preserving the genetic diversity of stone fruits using the border hedging technology. Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding. 2019;180(2):7-11. [in Russian]. DOI: 10.30901/2227-8834-2019-2-7-11
6. Gonchar-Zaikin P.P., Chertov V.G. Add-in to EXCEL for statistical assessment and analysis of the results of field and laboratory experiments (Nadstroyka k EXCEL dlya statisticheskoy otsenki i analiza rezultatov polevykh i laboratornykh opytov). In: Sustainable Environment Management and Agricultural Production in the Southern Regions of the Russian Federation (Ratsionalnoye prirodopolzovaniye i selskokhozyaystvennoye proizvodstvo v yuzhnykh regionakh Rossiyskoy Federatsii). Moscow: Sovremennye Tetradi; 2003. p.559-565. [in Russian]
7. GOST 32105-2013. Interstate standard. Canned foods. Juice products. Fruit, fruit and vegetable juice containing beverages. General specifications. Moscow: Standartinform; 2013. [in Russian]. URL: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/1200104863 [дата обращения: 17.09.2025].
8. GOST 34113-2017. Interstate standard. Jams. General specifications. Moscow: Standartinform; 2017. [in Russian]. URL: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/1200156810 [дата обращения: 17.09.2025].
9. GOST R 54680-2011. National standard of the Russian Federation. Canned foods. Compotes. General specifications. Moscow: Standartinform; 2013. [in Russian]. URL: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/1200094366 [дата обращения: 17.09.2025].
10. Gudkovsky V.A. Antioxidant (healing) properties of fruits and berries and progressive methods of their storage (Antiokislitelnye (tselebnye) svoystva plodov i yagod i progressivnye metody ikh khraneniya). Storage and Processing of Farm Products. 2001;(4):13-19. [in Russian]
11. Karbyshev M.S., Abdullaev Sh.P. Biochemistry of oxidative stress: a teaching aid and guidelines (Biokhimiya oksidativnogo stressa: uchebno-metodicheskoye posobiye). Moscow; 2018). [in Russian]
12. Kornilov B.B., Ozherelieva Z.E. Winter hardiness and drought resistance of some genotypes of ornamental apple from VNIISPK collection. Contemporary Horticulture. 2017;4(24):49-56. [in Russian]. DOI: 10.24411/2218-5275-2017-00032
13. Makarenko S.A. Comparative assessment of the biochemistry of apple fruits of Altai varieties as a source of nutritious and biologically active substances. Chemistry of Plant Raw Material. 2021;(3):245-252. [in Russian]. DOI: 10.14258/jcprm/2021039177
14. Prichko T.G., Droficheva N.V., Kovalenko N.N. Japonica (henomelis mauleya) – biologically valuable raw material for producing food functionality. Food Industry. 2014;(9):25-27. [in Russian]
15. Pricko T.G., Droficheva N.V., Kovalenko N.N. The use of Chaenomeles fruits in the production of functional beverages. Fruit Growing and Viticulture of South Russia. 2023;81(3):309-321. [in Russian]. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2023-3-81-309-321
16. Sedov E.N., Ogoltsova T.P. (eds). Program and methodology of variety studies for fruit, berry and nut crops (Programma i metodika sortoizucheniya plodovykh, yagodnykh i orekhoplodnykh kultur). Orel: VNIISPK; 1999. [in Russian]
17. Yushev A.A., Sorokin N.A., Tikhonova O.A., Orlova S.Yu., Kislin E.N., Radchenko O.E., Pupkova N.A., Shlyavas A.V. The collection of fruit and berry plant genetic resources: preservation, replenishment, and study. Guidelines (Kollektsiya geneticheskikh resursov plodovykh i yagodnykh rasteniy: sokhraneniye, popolneniye, izucheniye. Metodicheskiye ukazaniya). A.A. Yushev, I.G. Chukhina (eds). St. Petersburg: VIR; 2016. [in Russian]
Review
For citations:
Chepinoga I.S., Tikhonova A.V. Breeding value of nontraditional pome fruit cultivars and accessions maintained at Krymsk Experiment Breeding Station of VIR. Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding. 2026;187(2):235-242. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2026-2-o8
Views:
24
JATS XML
Email this article 