Preview

Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding

Advanced search

Seed quality of Aristolochia macrophylla Lam. and A. manshuriensis Kom. in St. Petersburg

https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2020-2-14-22

Abstract

Background. The study and mobilization of natural flora species in botanical gardens allow the curators to save biological resources of useful plant species, and recommend them for urban landscaping. In the flora of Russia, one species of a woody vine from the genus Aristolochia L. is A. manshuriensis Kom.; it is included in the Red Data Book of Russia.

Methods The material for the study was A. macrophylla Lam. and A. manshuriensis from the collection of the Peter the Great Botanical Garden maintained by the Komarov Botanical Institute of the RAS. Winter hardiness was assessed; plant height, stem diameter, and crown diameter were measured. The sizes and age are given according to the state of the plants in the fall of 2017. Seed quality was assessed with due regard to the approved guidelines. X-ray analysis of fruits and seeds was carried out using the methods developed for the use of microfocus radiography for seeds and fruits.

Results. A. manshuriensis has been grown in the Peter the Great Botanical Garden since 1909. The first flowering was observed in 1918 and 1919, the first fruiting in 1924. Currently, plants of the third or fourth generation are present in the collection. A. macrophylla has been known in St. Petersburg since 1816. Over a 200-year period of introduction, only flowering was observed. For the first time, fruiting in this species was registered in 2007; since 2014, second-generation plants have been grown. Analysis of the seeds collected in 2016 and 2017 showed that they are viable and of high quality in both species of Aristolochia. These species are winter-hardy, demonstrate rapid growth, and may somewhat vary in the timeframe of the passage of main phenological phases in their seasonal rhythm of development.

Conclusion. For laying out plantations, it is better to use seeds. A. macrophylla and A. manshuriensis are promising for wider cultivation and use in vertical landscaping.

About the Authors

K. G. Tkachenko
https://www.binran.ru/sotrudniki/7525/
Komarov Botanical Institute of the RAS
Russian Federation

2 Professora Popova Street, St. Petersburg 197376; Department of Botanical Garden



G. A. Firsov
https://www.binran.ru/sotrudniki/7526/
Komarov Botanical Institute of the RAS
Russian Federation

2 Professora Popova Street, St. Petersburg 197376; Department of Botanical Garden



A. V. Volchanskaya
Komarov Botanical Institute of the RAS
Russian Federation

2 Professora Popova Street, St. Petersburg 197376



References

1. Akimov P.A., Bulygin N.E. The most interesting trees and shrubs of the arboretum and park of the S.M. Kirov Leningrad Forestry Academy (Naiboleye interesnye derevya i kustarniki dendrologicheskogo sada i parka Leningradskoy lesotekhnicheskoy akademii im. S.M. Kirova). Leningrad: Forestry Academy; 1961. [in Russian]

2. Bulygin N.E. Biological bases of dendrophenology (Biologicheskiye osnovy dendrofenologii). Leningrad: Forestry Academy; 1982. [in Russian]

3. De Broe M.E. Chinese herbs nephropathy and Balkan endemic nephropathy: toward a single entity, aristolochic acid nephropathy. Kidney International, 2012;81(6):513-515. DOI: 10.1038/ki.2011.428

4. Firsov G.A., Volchanskaya A.V., Tkachenko K.G., Staroverov N.E., Gryaznov A.Yu. Cydonia oblonga Mill. (Rosaceae) at the Peter the Great Botanical Garden. Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding. 2016;177(4):28-36. [in Russian] DOI: 10.30901/2227-8834-2016-4-28-36

5. Golovach A.G. Trees, shrubs and vines in the Botanical Garden of BIN, USSR Academy of Sciences (Derevya, kustarniki i liany Botanicheskogo sada BIN AN SSSR). Leningrad: Nauka; 1980. [in Russian]

6. Golovach A.G. Vines, their biology and use (Liany, ikh biologiya i ispolzovaniye). Leningrad: Nauka; 1973. [in Russian]

7. Hillier J., Coombes A.J. (eds). The Hillier manual of trees and shrubs. Newton Abbot, England: David and Charles; 2003.

8. Ishmuratova M.M., Tkachenko K.G. Seeds of herbaceous plants. Features of the latent period, use in introduction and reproduction in vitro (Semena travyanistykh rasteniy. Osobennosti latentnogo perioda, ispolzovaniye v introduktsii i razmnozhenii in vitro). Ufa: Gilem; 2009. [in Russian] URL: https://elib.bashedu.ru/dl/local/Ishmuratova_Tkachenko_Semena%20travjanistyh%20rastenij_mon_2009.pdf/view [Аccessed on: 31.01.2020].

9. Koropachinskii I.Yu., Vstovskaya T.N. Woody plants of Asian Russia (Drevesnye rasteniya Aziatskoy Rossii). Novosibirsk: Geo; 2012. [in Russian]

10. Laing C., Hamour S., Sheaff M., Miller R., Woolfson R. Chinese herbal uropathy and nephropathy. The Lancet. 2006;368(9532):338. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69079-X

11. Lapin P.I. Seasonal rhythm of the development of woody plants and its significance for introduction (Sezonny ritm razvitiya drevesnykh rasteniy i yego znacheniye dlya introduktsii). Byulleten GBS AN SSSR = Bulletin of the Main Botanical Garden of the USSR Academy of Sciences. 1967;(65):13-18. [in Russian]

12. Meissner G.C. Aristolochia manshuriensis Komar. Gartenflora. 1926;75:215-216. [in German]

13. Molkanova O.I., Egorova D.A. Some aspects of Aristolochia manshuriensis Kom. in vitro cultivation. Bulletin of Udmurt University. 2017;27(2):151-157.

14. Nakonechnaya O.V., Koren O.G., Nesterova S.V., Sidorenko V.S., Kholina A.B., Batygina T.B. et al. Reproductive biology of Aristolochia manshuriensis (Aristolochiaceae) under the conditions of introduction. Rastitelnye Resursy = Plant Resources. 2005;41(3):14-25. [in Russian]

15. Nechaev V.A., Nakonechnaya O.V. Fruit and seed structure, and methods of dissemination of two species in the genus Aristolochia L. in Primorsky Territory (Stroeniye plodov, semyan i sposoby disseminatsii dvukh vidov roda Aristolochia L. v Primorskom kraye). Izvestiya RAN. Ser. Biologicheskaja = Proceedings of the RAS. Biological Series 2009;(4):468-472. [in Russian]

16. Red Data Book of the Russian Federation (Plants and Mushrooms) (Krasnaya kniga Rossiyskoy Federatsii [rasteniya i griby]). Moscow; 2008. [in Russian] URL: http://oopt.aari.ru/ref/38 [Аccessed on: 28.02.2020].

17. Rehder A. Manual of cultivated trees and shrubs hardy in North America, exclusive of the subtropical and warmer temperate regions. 2nd ed. New York: MacMillan Co.; 1949.

18. Rubtsov L.I., Shipchinsky N.V. Family 14. Aristolochiaceae Blume – Birthwort species. (Sem. 14. Aristolochiaceae Blume – Kirkazonovye). In: Trees and Shrubs of the USSR (Derevya i kustarniki SSSR). Vol. 2. Moscow; Leningrad: USSR Acad. of Sci.; 1951. p.539-542. [in Russian]

19. Schreter A.I. Medicinal flora of the Soviet Far East (Lekarstvennaya flora Sovetskogo Dalnego Vostoka). Moscow: Meditsina; 1975. [in Russian]

20. Staroverov N.E., Gryaznov A.Y., Zhamova K.K., Tkachenko K.G., Firsov G.A. The application of the method of microfocus X-ray for quality control of fruits and seeds reproductive diasporas. Biotekhnosfera = Biotechnosphere. 2015;6(42):16- 19. [in Russian]

21. Svyazeva O.A. Trees, shrubs and vines of the park of the Botanical Garden at the Komarov Botanical Institute (to the history of introduction into cultivation) (Derevya, kustarniki i liany parka Botanicheskogo sada Botanicheskogo instituta im. V.L. Komarova [k istorii vvedeniya v kulturu]). St. Petersburg: Rostok; 2011. [in Russian]

22. Svyazeva O.A., Lux Yu.A., Latmanizova T.M. Introduction nursery of the Komarov Botanical Institute in the northeast of the Karelian Isthmus (Leningrad Province) (Introduktsionny pitomnik Botanicheskogo instituta im. V.L. Komarova na severo-vostoke Karelskogo peresheyka [Leningradskaya oblast]). St. Petersburg: Rostok; 2011. [in Russian]

23. Voronkova N.M., Nesterova S.V., Zhuravlev Yu.N. Propagation of rare plant species of Primorsky Territory (Razmnozheniye redkikh vidov rasteniy Primorskogo kraya). Vladivostok; 2000. [in Russian]

24. Wolf E.L. Observations of frost resistance in woody plants (Nablyudeniya nad morozostoykostyu derevyanistykh rasteniy). Bulletin of Applied Botany. 1917;10(1):1- 146. [in Russian]

25. Wolf E.L. Park and arboretum of the Forest Institute (Park i arboretum Lesnogo instituta). Izvestiya Leningradskogo lesnogo instituta = Bulletin of Leningrad Forest Institute. 1929;(37):235-268. [in Russian]

26. Wooltorton E. Several Chinese herbal products may contain toxic aristolochic acid. Canadian Medical Association Journal. 2004;171(5):449. DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.1041266

27. Youns M., Hoheisel J.D., Efferth T. Toxicogenomics for the prediction of toxicity related to herbs from traditional Chinese medicine. Planta Medica. 2010;76(17):2019-2025. DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1250432


Review

For citations:


Tkachenko K.G., Firsov G.A., Volchanskaya A.V. Seed quality of Aristolochia macrophylla Lam. and A. manshuriensis Kom. in St. Petersburg. Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding. 2020;181(2):14-22. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2020-2-14-22

Views: 877


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.


ISSN 2227-8834 (Print)
ISSN 2619-0982 (Online)