Domestication of Avena magna Murphy et Terrell: a wild tetraploid oat species endemic of Morocco
https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2020-1-84-92
Abstract
Avena magna Murphy et Terrell (2n = 4x = 28), a tetraploid oat species endemic of Morocco, has a high groat protein content (more than 20%), good resistance to diseases and good adaptability to the Mediterranean edaphic and climate conditions. Moreover, this taxon is morphologically similar to the hexaploid oat species A. sativa and promising for interspecific crosses with A. sativa in order to transfer the domestication syndrome into it. Four hybridization cycles employing four accessions of A. magna and five Moroccan hexaploid oat cultivars of A. sativa were accomplished to domesticate A. magna. Morphological characterization and cytogenetic analysis of derivative hybrid seeds were made to determine their ploidy level and select the seeds with 2n = 28. The overall combinations yielded 81 hybrid plants with 2n varying from 28 to 29, with 58% having 2n = 28, and pollen fertility over 85%. However, 27 hybrids yielded a seed set ranging from 20 to 80%. Selected hybrid plants were subjected to pedigree selection in the field until they reached the 8th generation and assessed for agronomic performance. Three domesticated lines of tetraploid oat A. magna were selected for their good disease resistance. Analysis of groat protein content in the selected hybrids using the Kjeldahl method showed that it was 2 to 3% higher than in their parents.
Supporting agencies: This study was undertaken within the framework of INRA-USAID Project No. TAMOU 97-053 under the supervision of Prof. G. Ladizinsky. Great thanks go to our colleagues Mr. A. Souihka, Mr. A. Salih Idrissi and Mr. A. Abtah for their assistance for years of experiments. Our special thanks go to Prof. I. Loskutov, N.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), Russia, for his help in reviewing and publishing this manuscript.
About the Authors
N. Saidi
INRA, RU Plant breeding, Conservation and Valorisation of Plant Genetic Resources, RCAR-Rabat
Morocco
Morocco
P.O. Box 6570, Rabat Institutes, 10101 Rabat
N. Shaimi
INRA, RU Plant breeding, Conservation and Valorisation of Plant Genetic Resources, RCAR-Rabat
Morocco
P.O. Box 6570, Rabat Institutes, 10101 Rabat
Morocco
P.O. Box 6570, Rabat Institutes, 10101 Rabat
A. S. Idrissi
INRA, RU Plant breeding, Conservation and Valorisation of Plant Genetic Resources, RCAR-Rabat
Morocco
P.O. Box 6570, Rabat Institutes, 10101 Rabat
Morocco
P.O. Box 6570, Rabat Institutes, 10101 Rabat
A. Souihka
INRA, RCAR-Rabat, Experimental domaine of Koudia
Morocco
Mohamed Belarbi Alaoui Street, P.O. Box 6356, Rabat Institutes, 10101, Rabat
Morocco
Mohamed Belarbi Alaoui Street, P.O. Box 6356, Rabat Institutes, 10101, Rabat
F. Gaboun
INRA, RU of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics
Morocco
Mohamed Belarbi Alaoui Street, P.O. Box: 6356, Rabat Institutes, 10101 Rabat
Morocco
Mohamed Belarbi Alaoui Street, P.O. Box: 6356, Rabat Institutes, 10101 Rabat
C. Al Faiz
INRA, RU Plant breeding, Conservation and Valorisation of Plant Genetic Resources, RCAR-Rabat
Morocco
P.O. Box 6570, Rabat Institutes, 10101 Rabat
Morocco
P.O. Box 6570, Rabat Institutes, 10101 Rabat
G. Ladizinsky
USAID, Project No. TAMOU 97-053
United States
Washington, DC 20523
United States
Washington, DC 20523
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For citations:
Saidi N., Shaimi N., Idrissi A.S., Souihka A., Gaboun F., Al Faiz C., Ladizinsky G. Domestication of Avena magna Murphy et Terrell: a wild tetraploid oat species endemic of Morocco. Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding. 2020;181(1):84-92. https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2020-1-84-92
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