Inheritance of basic agronomic traits by F1 hybrids of oat (Avena sativa L.) under the conditions of the Northern Trans-Urals
https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2026-2-o21
Abstract
Background. Development of adaptable high-yielding cultivars of common oat (Avena sativa L.) for the unstable climate of the Northern Trans-Urals requires the involvement of new donors of valuable genes in breeding practice and an in-depth study into the inheritance patterns of useful agronomic traits. The objective was to determine the effect of heterosis and the type of phenotypic dominance for the main quantitative characters in first-generation (F1) hybrids of common oat under the soil and climate conditions of the Northern Trans-Urals.
Materials and methods. In 2023–2024, fourteen hybrid combinations (F1) from crosses between local cultivars (‘Tobolyak’, ‘Otrada’, and ‘Foma’) and donors of crown rust resistance genes (Pc) were studied in the forest-steppe zone of Tyumen Province. The tests were carried out in the experimental field of the Research Institute of Agriculture for the Northern Trans-Ural Region and the laboratory of genomics research in crop production using VIR’s guidelines. Phenotypic dominance coefficients (Hp) and true heterosis values were calculated.
Results. It was found that extreme temperatures up to +36°C during the hybridization period (2023) limited grain setting. In 2024, all the studied hybrids manifested the effect of heterosis simultaneously in four plant characters: plant height, panicle length, grain number per plant, and grain weight per plant. Positive overdominance for all useful agronomic traits was observed in the combinations ‘Tobolyak’ × ‘AC Francis’, ‘AC Francis’ × ‘Foma’, and Narps × ‘Otrada’; negative overdominance was shown by k-15021 × ‘Tobolyak’, and ‘Otrada’ × k-15021.
Conclusions. Promising combinations were identified for a set of traits and the highest hybrid vigor: ‘Tobolyak’ × ‘AC Francis’, ‘AC Francis’ × ‘Foma’, ‘Foma’ × k-15021, and Narps × ‘Otrada’. These genotypes are recommended for further breeding work as sources of high productivity and adaptability.
Supporting agencies: the work was funded through State Task 124022900011-6 and supported by the West Siberian Interregional Scientific and Educational World-Class Center.
About the Authors
A. K. Tautekenova
Tyumen Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Research Institute of Agriculture for the Northern Trans-Ural Region
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Aziya K. Tautekenova, Associate Researcher, Research Institute of Agriculture for the Northern Trans-Ural Region – branch of the TSC SB RAS
2 Burlaki St., Moskovsky Settlem., Tyumensky District, Tyumen Province 625501, Russia
N. A. Bome
University of Tyumen
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Nina A. Bome, Dr. Sci. (Agriculture), Professor, Head of a Department
6 Volodarskogo St., Tyumen 625003, Russia
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For citations:
Tautekenova A.K., Bome N.A. Inheritance of basic agronomic traits by F1 hybrids of oat (Avena sativa L.) under the conditions of the Northern Trans-Urals. Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding. 2026;187(2):137-147. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2026-2-o21
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