Биоактивные пептиды и антипитательные вещества нута: характеристика и свойства (обзор)

Бобовые культуры – богатый источник клетчатки, белков, витаминов и минералов. Нут (Cicer arietinum L.) – третье по мировой значимости бобовое растение, обладающее высокой питательной ценностью и содержащее множество биологически активных соединений, включая биологически активные пептиды. Биоактивные пептиды семян нута обладают антиоксидантной, АПФ-ингибирующей, гипохолестеринемической, антигипертензивной, противомикробной, антитромботической, иммуномодулирующей, опиоидной активностями, а также способностью связывать минералы. Но несмотря на высокие питательные свойства, семена нута обладают антипитательными факторами, замедляющими переваривание и всасывание многих компонентов пищи. Исследования показали, что кулинарная обработка, предварительное проращивание или ферментация эффективно снижают содержание неусвояемых компонентов в нуте.
В данной статье представлен обзор исследований, направленных на изучение биологически активных пептидов, полученных из семян нута, и путей их образования, а также способов элиминации антипитательных факторов нута.

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