The influence of combinations of alien translocations on in vitro androgenesis in spring common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Background. The basic approach to the production of new common wheat genotypes involving introgressive hybridization entails a long-term process. Doubled haploid production could accelerate it. However, this method is not widely used in breeding programs due to its main limitation: the genotype dependence. Due to genetic differences between wheat and related species, it was assumed that alien genetic materials are different in their capacity to affect androgenesis. The effect of alien translocations on androgenesis has been shown earlier. The aim of this study was to develop a set of DH wheat lines containing a wheat-alien translocation in the genome and study the effect of alien translocations on androgenesis of anther culture in such lines.
Materials and methods. The plant material included: the spring wheat cultivar ‘Novosibirskaya 16’, line Velut 991 carrying wheat-alien translocations 1RS.1BL from rye and 5BS.5BL-5SL from Aegilops speltoides Tausch, and four hybrid F₃  generation lines (10-7, 14-8, 15-8, 15-12) from their crossing, differing in the content of alien translocations.
Results. It was shown that parameters of androgenesis such as the number of embryo-like structures per 100 anthers, the number of albino regenerants per 100 anthers, and the number of green regenerants per 100 anthers varied depending on the line. The best -responding lines Velut 991, 10-7 and 14-8 are characterized by the presence of a 1RS.1BL wheat-rye translocation chromosome. Regeneration frequency of green plants was recorded to be 8,6%, 3,6% and 10,1% respectively. The values of the parameters for lines 15-12 (carrying 5BS.5BL-5SL translocation) and 15-8 (without translocations) did not differ significantly.
Conclusion. Therefore, it can be concluded that the presence of the introgressive fragment of chromosome 5S did not affect the efficiency of androgenesis and the short shoulder of chromosome 1R carries genes that stimulated androgenesis in anther culture.

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