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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2021-2-81-88</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-957</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный анализ наследования высокой скорости развития линий Римакс и Рико яровой мягкой пшеницы Triticum aestivum  L.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative analysis of the inheritance of a high development rate in the Rimax and Rico lines of spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum  L.)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9848-5795</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ригин</surname><given-names>Б. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rigin</surname><given-names>B. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44; Отдел генетики, главный научный сотрудник; д.б.н., профессор</p><sec><title> </title></sec><sec><title> </title></sec></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">riginbv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9259-4384</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зуев</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zuev</surname><given-names>Е. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44; Отдел генетических ресурсов пшениц, руководитель отдела, ведущий научный сотрудник, куратор коллекции яровой мягкой пшеницы; к.с.-х.н.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.zuev@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6754-2897</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреева</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreeva</surname><given-names>А. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44; Отдел  генетических ресурсов пшеницы, группа твердой пшеницы и тритикале, младший научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.andreeva@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8233-5047</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матвиенко</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matvienko</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44; Отдел физиологии растений, научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3533-0352</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пыженкова</surname><given-names>З. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pyzhenkova</surname><given-names>Z. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44; Отдел генетики, группа абиотического стресса, младший научный сотрудник </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>182</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>81</fpage><lpage>88</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ригин Б.В., Зуев Е.В., Андреева А.С., Матвиенко И.И., Пыженкова З.С., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ригин Б.В., Зуев Е.В., Андреева А.С., Матвиенко И.И., Пыженкова З.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rigin B.V., Zuev Е.V., Andreeva А.S., Matvienko I.I., Pyzhenkova Z.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/957">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/957</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Знание характера наследования признака «ультраскороспелость» у сортов мягкой пшеницы (Triticum aestivum L.) будет способствовать повышению эффективности селекционного процесса.Материалы и методы. Исследовали ультраскороспелые линии Рико (к-65588, var. erythrospermum Koern.), Римакс (к-67257, var. lutescens (Alef.) Mansf.), а также сорта ‘Max’ (к-57181, var. lutescens) и ‘Ленинградская 6’ (к-64900, var. lutescens). Линия Римакс была получена в результате скрещивания ультраскороспелой линии Рико с сортом ‘Max’. В родословную Рико входит СКФ (к-67258, var. erythrospermum) и АНК-17В (к-60314, var. albidum Alef.). Аллели генов Vrn и Ppd идентифицировали с помощью ПЦР-анализа. Реакция растений на короткий день определена по методике ВИР.Результаты. Линии Римакс и Рико характеризуются самой высокой скоростью развития от всходов до колошения среди образцов яровой мягкой пшеницы из коллекции ВИР. В генотипах Римакс и Рико обнаружены доминантные аллели генов Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1 и доминантный ген Ppd-D1. В линии Римакс выявлены разные аллели генов Ppd-D1 и Vrn-B1. В условиях длинного дня (18 ч) в F2  (F3) гибридной комбинации Рико × Римакс наблюдали отношение фенотипов с высокой скоростью развития к растениям с низкой скоростью развития как 1 : 15 (χ2 1:15 = 0,64). При выращивании на коротком дне (12 ч) в F2 выделяли пять четко тестируемых групп в соотношении 1 : 4 : 6 : 4 : 1 (χ2  = 3,03; χ2 0,05 = 9,48).Заключение. Линии Римакс и Рико имеют по две пары независимых дуплицированных генов, детерминирующих высокую скорость развития. В условиях короткого дня эти гены могут взаимодействовать по типу кумулятивной полимерии. Линии Римакс и Рико за счет высокой скорости развития являются ценным исходным материалом для селекции на скороспелость.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Development of early-ripening spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars is an important task for Russian breeders. Knowledge of the genetics of ultraearly varieties – sources of valuable genes that determine an earlier-maturing type of plant development –will be used to work out methods for obtaining source material for breeding.Materials and methods. The ultra-early lines Rico (k-65588, var. erythrospermum Koern.) and Rimax (k-67257, var. lutescens (Alef.) Mansf.), and cvs. ‘Max’ (k-57181, var. lutescens) and ‘Leningradskaya 6’ (k-64900, var. lutescens) were studied. Alleles of the Vrn and Ppd genes were identified by PCR according to known publications, and genomic DNA was isolated from 3-day-old seedlings by the CTAB method.Results. In the environments of Northwest Russia, the Rimax and Rico lines are characterized by the highest rate of development before heading among the spring wheat accessions from the VIR collection. In the Rimax and Rico genotypes, the Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1 and Ppd-D1 genes were found. Genotypes with different alleles of Ppd-D1 and Vrn-B1 were identified in the Rimax line. Under conditions of a long day (18 hours), in the population of F2  (F3) Rico × Rimax hybrids, the ratio of phenotypes with a high development rate to all others was observed as 1 : 15 (χ2 1: 15 = 0.64). Under a short day (12 hours), 5 clearly tested groups were identified in F2 with the ratio 1 : 4 : 6 : 4 : 1 (χ2  = 3.03; χ2 0.05 = 9.48), which indicates the manifestation of cumulative polymerization.Conclusion. Each of the Rimax and Rico lines has two pairs of independent duplicated genes that determine a high development rate. Under short-day conditions, these genes can interact like cumulative polymers. The Rimax and Rico lines, due to their high development rate, are valuable source material to be used in breeding for earliness.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ультраскороспелость</kwd><kwd>реакция на яровизацию</kwd><kwd>фотопериод</kwd><kwd>гены</kwd><kwd>взаимодействие</kwd><kwd>селекция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ultra-earliness</kwd><kwd>reaction to vernalization</kwd><kwd>photoperiod</kwd><kwd>genes</kwd><kwd>interaction</kwd><kwd>breeding</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания согласно тематическому плану ВИР по проекту № 0662-2020-0006 «Поиск, поддержание жизнеспособности и раскрытие потенциала наследственной изменчивости мировой коллекции зерновых и крупяных культур ВИР для развития оптимизированного генбанка и рационального использования в селекции и растениеводстве».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was performed within the framework of the State Task according to the theme plan of VIR, Project No. 0662-2020-0006 “Search for and viability maintenance, and disclosing the potential of hereditary variation in the global collection of cereal and groat crops at VIR for the development of an optimized genebank and its sustainable utilization in plant breeding and crop production”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beales J., Turner A., Griffiths S., Snape J., Laurie D. 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