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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2020-4-112-119</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-814</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННАЯ СЕЛЕКЦИЯ НА СОВРЕМЕННОМ ЭТАПЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DOMESTIC PLANT BREEDING AT THE PRESENT STAGE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Выявление «узких мест» в системах адаптивности сортов персика к конкретным абиотическим, лимитирующим рост и развитие растений факторам, воздействующим на отдельные фазы онтогенеза, для создания оптимальных алгоритмов дальнейшей селекции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Identification of “bottlenecks” in the systems of adaptability in peach cultivars to specific abiotic factors limiting plant growth and development and affecting individual phases of ontogenesis to develop optimal algorithms for further breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2557-1822</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Драгавцева</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dragavtseva</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.с.-х.н.; профессор; заслуженный деятель науки Российской Федерации</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>39 40-letiya Pobedy St., Krasnodar 350901</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">I_d@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0934-020X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Драгавцев</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dragavtsev</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>195220 г. Санкт-Петербург, Гражданский пр., 14; российский биолог, специалист в области генетики и селекции сельскохозяйственных растений; д.б.н., профессор, академик РАН</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>14 Grazhdanskiy Ave., St. Petersburg 195220</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dravial@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4829-6640</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>350072 Краснодарский край, г. Краснодар, ул. 40-летия Победы, 39</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>39 40-letiya Pobedy St., Krasnodar 350901</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2238-8408</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клюкина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klyukina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>350072 Краснодарский край, г. Краснодар, ул. 40-летия Победы, 39</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>39 40-letiya Pobedy St., Krasnodar 350901</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Кавказский Федеральный научный центр садоводства, виноградарства, виноделия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Агрофизический научно-исследовательский институт</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Agrophysical Research Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>181</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>112</fpage><lpage>119</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Драгавцева И.А., Драгавцев В.А., Кузнецова А.Р., Клюкина А.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Драгавцева И.А., Драгавцев В.А., Кузнецова А.Р., Клюкина А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dragavtseva I.A., Dragavtsev V.A., Kuznetsova A.P., Klyukina A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/814">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/814</self-uri><abstract><p>Современная селекция, особенно плодовых культур, десятилетия произрастающих на одном и том же месте, требует новой стратегии создания устойчивых к абиотическим факторам среды сортов. Необходим более глубокий анализ явлений взаимодействия «генотип – среда» (ВГС), так как современные исследования показали, что уровень продуктивности и урожаев растений определяется не специфическими «генами количественных признаков», а главным образом эмерджентными (вновь возникающими при смене лим-фактора среды на онтогенетическом и фитоценотическом уровнях) эффектами взаимодействия «генотип – среда». Необходимы новые знания о величинах вкладов в продуктивность сорта каждой из генетико-физиологических систем адаптивности растений (ГФС-ад) при воздействии конкретного лим-фактора среды на конкретную фазу онтогенеза. Впервые с целью поиска перспективных для дальнейшей селекции генотипов персика мы провели изучение их адаптивности к низким отрицательным температурам в разных зонах садоводства Краснодарского края.</p><p>Проанализированы сдвиги моментов воздействий низкотемпературных стресс-факторов среды по фазам развития растений сортов (по причине изменения климата) во временном интервале 1985–2018 гг.</p><p>Выявлено наличие наследственных адаптивных резервов повышения продуктивности персика по каждой фазе развития в процессе изучения феноменов ВГС. Даны рекомендации селекционерам по фазовой селекции будущих сортов – как защитить их продукционный процесс в каждой фазе развития от негативных воздействий низких температур. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Modern breeding, especially when fruit plants cultivated for decades at the same location are concerned, requires a new strategy to develop cultivars resistant to abiotic limfactors of the environment. A more in-depth analysis of genotype–environment interaction phenomena is needed, as modern studies have shown that the level of plant productivity and yields is determined not by specific “genes of quantitative traits”, but mainly by the emergent (newly occurring when a lim-factor of the environment changes at the ontogenetic and phytocenotic levels) effects of the genotype–environment interaction (GEI). New knowledge is needed about the values of contributions to the productivity of a cultivar made by each of the genetic–physiological systems of plant adaptability (GPS-ad) when exposed to a particular lim-factor of the environment at a particular phase of ontogenesis. For the first time, aiming at finding promising peach genotypes for further breeding, we studied their adaptability to low temperatures in different horticulture zones of Krasnodar Territory.</p><p>Shifts in the effects of low-temperature environmental stressors in the developmental phases of cultivars (produced by climate change) were analyzed in the time interval of 1985–2018.</p><p>The presence of hereditary adaptive reserves for increasing peach productivity for each phase of development in the process of studying the phenomena of GEI was disclosed. Recommendations are given to breeders on phase-to-phase breeding of future cultivars: how to protect their production process at each developmental phase from negative effects of low temperatures. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>селекция плодовых культур</kwd><kwd>абиотические стрессоры</kwd><kwd>алгоритмы оценки устойчивости сортов по фазам развития</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>breeding of fruit crops</kwd><kwd>adaptive systems</kwd><kwd>abiotic stressors</kwd><kwd>algorithms for assessing the stability of cultivars by their development phases</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Публикуется в рамках гранта № 19-44-230023 РФ и темы № 0689-2019-00 госзадания ФГБНУ СКФНЦСВВ.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Published under Grant No. 19-44-230023 of the Russian Federation and Topic No. 0689-2019-00 of the State Task posed to the North-Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Драгавцев В.А., Драгавцева И.А., Ефимова И.Л., Моренец А.С., Савин И.Ю. 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