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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2020-3-120-127</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-733</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИММУНИТЕТ КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>IMMUNITY OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Устойчивость допущенных к использованию в России сортов ячменя к вредным организмам и токсичным ионам алюминия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Resistance of barley cultivars approved for use in Russia to harmful organisms and toxic aluminum ions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1021-7951</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдуллаев</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdullaev</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000 г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44; Отдел генетики; научный сотрудник; к.б.н.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000; Department of Genetics</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abdullaev.1988@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2266-281X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баташева</surname><given-names>Б. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Batasheva</surname><given-names>B. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>368612 Республика Дагестан, г. Дербент, с. Вавилово; Дагестанская опытная станция – филиал ВИР; д.б.н.</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vavilovo Village, Derbentsky District, Republic of Dagestan 368612</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kostek-kum@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5531-2728</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алпатьева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alpatieva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000 г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44; Отдел генетики;; старший научный сотрудник; к.б.н.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000; Department of Genetics</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alpatievanatalia@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6995-1742</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чумаков</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chumakov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000 г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44; Отдел генетики; младший научный сотрудник Лаборатории иммунитета Отдела генетики; к.б.н.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000; Department of Genetics</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chumacov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3019-0306</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Радченко</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Radchenko</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000 г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44; Отдел генетики; главный научный сотрудник Отдела генетики, руководитель Отдела генетики и Лаборатории иммунитета; д.б.н.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000; Department of Genetics</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Eugene_Radchenko@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3990-6526</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалева</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovaleva</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000 г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44; Отдел генетических ресурсов овса, ржи и ячменя; ведуший научный сотрудник, куратор коллекции ячменя; к.б.н.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000; Department of Rye, Barley, Oats Genetic Resources</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o.kovaleva@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6537-0868</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковлева</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovleva</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000 г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44; Отдел генетики; руководитель группы абиотического стресса отдела генетики, старший научный сотрудник; к.б.н.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000; Department of Genetics</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oly.yakovleva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова, Дагестанская опытная станция – филиал ВИР</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Dagestan Experiment Station of VIR</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>181</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>120</fpage><lpage>127</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Абдуллаев Р.А., Баташева Б.А., Алпатьева Н.В., Чумаков М.А., Радченко Е.Е., Ковалева О.Н., Яковлева О.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Абдуллаев Р.А., Баташева Б.А., Алпатьева Н.В., Чумаков М.А., Радченко Е.Е., Ковалева О.Н., Яковлева О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Abdullaev R.A., Batasheva B.A., Alpatieva N.V., Chumakov M.A., Radchenko E.E., Kovaleva O.N., Yakovleva O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/733">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/733</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Наиболее рациональный способ снижения потерь урожая ячменя от болезней, вредителей и неблагоприятных эдафических факторов – селекция устойчивых сортов.</p><p>Цель работы – оценить диапазон изменчивости возделываемых в России сортов по устойчивости к мучнистой росе, карликовой ржавчине, обыкновенной злаковой тле и токсичным ионам алюминия.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы.Изучили 248 сортов ячменя (168 – отечественной и 80 – зарубежной селекции), включенных в Государственный реестр селекционных достижений, допущенных к использованию в РФ. Устойчивость растений к возбудителям мучнистой росы и карликовой ржавчины исследовали в лабораторных и полевых условиях. Выделившиеся по устойчивости к мучнистой росе сорта анализировали с помощью молекулярных маркеров. В лаборатории осуществили скрининг ячменя по устойчивости к обыкновенной злаковой тле. Для изучения чувствительности образцов к токсичным ионам алюминия использовали лабораторный метод ранней диагностики признака – метод корневого теста.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и выводы</title><p>Результаты и выводы. Полевой и лабораторный скрининг позволил выявить довольно широкое разнообразие возделываемых в России сортов ячменя по устойчивости к вредным организмам и эдафическому стрессору. Установлено, что 24 сорта устойчивы к мучнистой росе, из них 14 являются носителями эффективного аллеля mlo11. Два сорта устойчивы к возбудителям мучнистой росы и карликовой ржавчины. У 11 сортов выявлена отчетливо выраженная устойчивость к обыкновенной злаковой тле. Высокая устойчивость к токсичным ионам алюминия по индексу длины корня и ростка отмечена у 26 сортов. Выявлены образцы с комплексной устойчивостью к вредным организмам и эдафическому стрессору.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The most rational way to reduce barley crop losses from diseases, pests and adverse edaphic factors is cultivation of resistant varieties. The specificity of the host– pathogen interactions necessitates a constant search for new donors of resistance for breeding, and phytosanitary monitoring of cultivars.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The research material comprised 248 barley cultivars included in the State Register of Selection Achievements Admitted for Usage in the Russian Federation – 168 were developed domestically, and 80 by foreign breeders. Their resistance to powdery mildew and leaf rust was studied in under laboratory and field conditions. Barley cultivars distinguished for powdery mildew resistance were analyzed using molecular markers. In the laboratory, barley was screened for greenbug resistance. To study the sensitivity to toxic aluminum ions in barley, we used the laboratory method for the early diagnosis of the trait – the root test method.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and conclusions</title><p>Results and conclusions. Field and laboratory screening revealed a fairly wide diversity of barley cultivated in Russia in terms of resistance to harmful organisms and the edaphic stressor. It was established that 24 barley cultivars were resistant to powdery mildew, and 14 accessions were carriers of the effective mlo11 allele. Two cultivars manifested combined resistance to powdery mildew and barley leaf rust. In 11 cultivars, a distinct greenbug resistance was revealed. High resistance to toxic aluminum ions according to the root and sprout length indices was observed in 26 cultivars. Accessions with the complex resistance to harmful organisms and the edaphic stressor were identified. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Hordeum vulgare L.</kwd><kwd>резистентность</kwd><kwd>мучнистая роса</kwd><kwd>карликовая ржавчина</kwd><kwd>обыкновенная злаковая тля</kwd><kwd>алюминий</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Hordeum vulgare L.</kwd><kwd>resistance</kwd><kwd>powdery mildew</kwd><kwd>leaf rust</kwd><kwd>greenbug</kwd><kwd>aluminum</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания согласно тематическому плану ВИР по проекту № 0662-2019-0006 «Поиск, поддержание жизнеспособности и раскрытие потенциала наследственной изменчивости мировой коллекции зерновых и крупяных культур ВИР для развития оптимизированного генбанка и рационального использования в селекции и растениеводстве» и при поддержке Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований (проект № 20-016-00048).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was performed within the framework of the State Task according to the theme plan of VIR, Project No. 0662-2019-0006 “Search For and Viability Maintenance, and Disclosing the Potential of Hereditary Variation in the Global Collection of Cereal and Groat Crops at VIR for the Development of an Optimized Genebank and Its Sustainable Utilization in Plant Breeding and Crop Production”, and supported by the Russian Foundation for Fundamental Research (Project No. 20-016-00048).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Анисимова И.Н., Алпатьева Н.В., Абдуллаев Р.А., Карабицина Ю.И., Кузнецова Е.Б. 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