vir-nwТруды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекцииProceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding2227-88342619-0982N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources10.30901/2227-8834-2020-1-64-72vir-nw-549Research ArticleГЕНЕТИКА КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙGENETICS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVESПолиморфизм сортов яблони по локусам моногенной устойчивости к паршеPolymorphism of monogenic scab resistance loci in apple varietieshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9770-8731ЛыжинА. С.LyzhinA. S.

393760 Тамбовская обл., г. Мичуринск, ул. Мичурина, 30

30 Michurina St., Michurinsk, Tambov Prov. 393760

Ranenburzhetc@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4874-7536СавельеваН. Н.Savel’evaN. N.

393760 Тамбовская обл., г. Мичуринск, ул. Мичурина, 30

30 Michurina St., Michurinsk, Tambov Prov. 393760

Федеральный научный центр имени И. В. МичуринаРоссияI.V. Michurin Federal Science CenterRussian Federation20201204202018116472Copyright © Лыжин А.С., Савельева Н.Н., 20202020Лыжин А.С., Савельева Н.Н.Lyzhin A.S., Savel’eva N.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/549Актуальность

Актуальность. Моногенная устойчивость к парше – важный селекционный признак яблони. Использование ДНК-маркеров позволяет с высокой надежностью дифференцировать сорта яблони по отдельным детерминантам устойчивости и выявить перспективные генотипы. В представленном исследовании показаны результаты молекулярно-генетического анализа сортов яблони по локусам Rvi2, Rvi4, Rvi6, Rvi8 моногенной устойчивости к парше.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Объектами исследования являлись сорта яблони различного эколого-географического происхождения. Экстракция геномной ДНК сортов яблони проводилась из молодых листьев согласно протоколу Diversity Arrays Technology P/L (DArT, 2014). Для идентификации гена Rvi6 использовали STS-маркер VfC и SCAR-маркер AL07, гена Rvi4 – мультиаллельный SCAR-маркер AD13, генов Rvi2 и Rvi8 – SCAR-маркер OPL19.

Результаты и выводы

Результаты и выводы. Ген Rvi6 идентифицирован у 54,4% генотипов, из которых 91,9% являются гетерозиготами, а 8,1% (сорта ‘Свежесть’, ‘Freedom’, ‘GoldRush’) – доминантными гомозиготами по этому локусу. Маркер AD13-SCAR выявлен у 25,0% изучаемых форм (предполагаемый генотип по гену устойчивости – Rvi4Rvi4 или Rvi4rvi4). Маркер OPL19-SCAR (гены Rvi2 и Rvi8) присутствует у 73,5% проанализированных форм. У 86,8% генотипов присутствует хотя бы один из изучаемых молекулярных маркеров. Сорта яблони ‘Кандиль орловский’, ‘Красуля’, ‘Созвездие’, ‘Galarina’, ‘Priam’, ‘Redfree’, ‘Witos’ характеризуются сочетанием в одном генотипе маркеров VfC, AL07-SCAR, AD13-SCAR и OPL19-SCAR (предполагаемый генотип по генам устойчивости – Rvi2(Rvi8)Rvi4Rvi6rvi6). Сорта ‘Антоновка зимняя’, ‘Антоновка красная, ‘Беркутовское’, ‘Гейзер’, ‘Памяти Нестерова’, ‘Ренет Симиренко’, ‘Терентьевка’, ‘Golden Delicious’, ‘Telemon’ предположительно имеют рецессивный гомозиготный генотип по изучаемым локусам устойчивости.

Background

Background. Monogenic scab resistance is an important trait of apple, useful to plant breeders. DNA markers provide a possibility to differentiate apple cultivars according to individual resistance determinants with high reliability and identify promising genotypes. The present study shows the results of the molecular genetic analysis of apple varieties, targeted at the Rvi2, Rvi4, Rvi6 and Rvi8 monogenic scab resistance loci.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. Biological material was represented by apple cultivars of different environmental and geographical origin. Total genomic DNA was extracted from fresh leaves using CTAB methods according to the DArT protocols. The Rvi6 gene was identified with two markers, VfC (STS) and AL07 (SCAR). The presence of the Rvi4 gene was detected with the multiallelic SCAR marker AD13. The Rvi2 and Rvi8 genes were diagnosed with the SCAR marker OPL19.

Results and conclusion

Results and conclusion. The Rvi6 gene was identified in 54.4% of genotypes, of which 91.9% were heterozygous, and 8.1% (cvs. ‘Svezhest’, ‘Freedom’ and ‘GoldRush’) homozygous dominant for this locus. The marker AD13-SCAR was detected in 25.0% of the studied forms (the putative genotype for the resistance gene is Rvi4Rvi4 or Rvi4rvi4). The marker OPL19-SCAR (Rvi2 and Rvi8 genes) was present in 73.5% of the analyzed forms. At least one of the studied molecular markers was present in the genome of 86.8% of genotypes. The appletree cultivars ‘Kandil Orlovsky’, ‘Krasulya’, ‘Sozvezdiye’, ‘Galarina’, ‘Priam’, ‘Redfree’ and ‘Witos’ are characterized by the combination of markers VfC, AL07-SCAR, AD13-SCAR and OPL19-SCAR in one genotype (the putative genotype for the resistance genes is Rvi2(Rvi8)Rvi4Rvi6rvi6). Cvs. ‘Antonovka zimnyaya’, ‘Antonovka krasnaya’, ‘Berkutovskoye’, ‘Geyzer’, ‘Pamyati Nesterova’, ‘Renet Simirenko’, ‘Terentyevka’, ‘Golden Delicious’, and ‘Telemon’ presumably have a homozygous recessive genotype for the studied resistance loci.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.