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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2019-4-113-120</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-463</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование роли пластидных генов в эффекте гетерозиса и формировании морфофизиологических признаков растений подсолнечника</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The role of plastid genes in a heterosis effect and the formation of morphophysiological traits in sunflower plants</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Усатов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Usatov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 344090 г. Ростов-на-Дону, пр. Стачки, 194/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>194/1 Prospekt Stachki, Rostov-on-Don 344090</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">usatova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макаренко</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarenko</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 344090 г. Ростов-на-Дону, пр. Стачки, 194/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>194/1 Prospekt Stachki, Rostov-on-Don 344090</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковалевич</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalevich</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 344090 г. Ростов-на-Дону, пр. Стачки, 194/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>194/1 Prospekt Stachki, Rostov-on-Don 344090</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Губайдуллина</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gubaidullina</surname><given-names>A. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 344090 г. Ростов-на-Дону, пр. Стачки, 194/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>194/1 Prospekt Stachki, Rostov-on-Don 344090</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Академия биологии и биотехнологии им. Д. И. Ивановского Южного федерального университета</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>D.I. Ivanovsky Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>180</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>113</fpage><lpage>120</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Усатов А.В., Макаренко М.С., Ковалевич А.А., Губайдуллина А.М., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Усатов А.В., Макаренко М.С., Ковалевич А.А., Губайдуллина А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Usatov A.V., Makarenko M.S., Kovalevich A.A., Gubaidullina A.М.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/463">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/463</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Несмотря на очевидную теоретическую и практическую значимость проблемы ядерно-пластидных взаимоотношений, ее многие стороны до сих пор требуют более глубокого изучения. В большей степени это связано с довольно трудной задачей вычленения из общей генотипической изменчивости вклада пластома в формирование сложных морфофизиологических признаков.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Использованная в настоящей работе коллекция хлорофилл-дефицитных мутантов подсолнечника с внеядерным типом наследования мутации, созданная на генетической основе одной инбредной линии, является удобной моделью для исследования фундаментальной проблемы взаимодействия геномов ядра и пластид. В результате скрещивания ряда внеядерных хлорофильных мутантов с растениями дикорастущей формы подсолнечника, независимо от мутантного пластома и содержания хлорофиллов, у гибридов F1 наблюдается эффект гетерозиса по признакам, характеризующим габитус растений, таких как высота растений и размер листовой пластинки. По признаку скорость роста были получены неоднозначные результаты: от 86% превышения у гибрида, с участием мутанта en:chlorina-7 до полного отсутствия гетерозиса с родительской формой en:chlorina-6. Эти результаты свидетельствуют о весомом вкладе пластидных генов в контроль признака. По признакам «диаметр корзинки» и «вес 1000 семян» все гибридные комбинации (за исключением en:chlorina-3) продемонстрировали схожесть количественного выражения этих признаков с соответствующими показателями мутантных родительских культурных форм, значительно превышая дикорастущий подсолнечник. Следовательно, в формировании этих признаков наряду с ядерными генами принимает участие и пластом. По признаку «масличность семян» эффект гетерозиса у всех изученных гибридов не выявлен.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The problem of nucleus-plastid interactions is obviously of theoretical and practical importance. However, the lack of knowledge in this area of plant research is, for the most part, caused by difficulties in isolating the contribution of the plastome to the formation of complex morphophysiological traits from the total genotypic variability. The current study employed a convenient model for studying the fundamental problem of interaction between the nucleus and plastid genomes.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The genetic model incorporated chlorophylldeficient sunflower mutant lines with extranuclear inheritance, developed on the genetic basis of a single inbred line. Various traits were measured in hybrids and parents, such as growth rate, plant height, inflorescence width, 1000 seed weight, chlorophyll content, seed oil content, etc.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and conclusion</title><p>Results and conclusion. While crossing extranuclear mutant lines with wild sunflower, a heterosis effect was observed for such traits as plant height and leaf size, regardless of the low chlorophyll content in F1 hybrids. The growth rates of hybrids depended on the crossing combination: from an 86% excess (en:chlorina-7 maternal line) to complete absence of the heterosis effect (en:chlorina-6 maternal line). The results obtained witness to a significant contribution of cytogenes to the control over the trait. The inflorescence width and 1000 seed weight in all hybrid combinations (except en:chlorina-3) had similar quantitative characteristics as in the maternal mutant lines, and significantly exceeded the paternal form (wild sunflower). Consequently, plastid genes, along with nuclear ones, participate in the expression of these phenotypic traits. As for the oil content in seeds, no heterosis effect was observed in the hybrids.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хлорофильные мутанты</kwd><kwd>ядернопластидные взаимоотношения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chlorophyll mutants</kwd><kwd>plastid-to-nucleus communication</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 18-34-00659.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anisimova N.I., Tumanova L.G., Gavrilova V.A., Dyagileva A.V., Pasha L.I., Mitin V.A., Timofeyeva G.I. Genomic instability in sunflower interspecific hybrids. Russian Journal of Genetics. 2009;45(8):934-943. 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