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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2019-4-94-98</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-461</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Линия Рико – самая скороспелая среди представителей коллекции яровой мягкой пшеницы ВИР</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The line Rico is the earliest maturing accession in the VIR collection of spring bread wheat</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ригин</surname><given-names>Б. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rigin</surname><given-names>B. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000 г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">riginbv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зуев</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zuev</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000 г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреева</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreeva</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000 г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пыженкова</surname><given-names>З. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pyzhenkova</surname><given-names>Z. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000 г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матвиенко</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matvienko</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000 г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>01</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>180</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>94</fpage><lpage>98</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ригин Б.В., Зуев Е.В., Андреева А.С., Пыженкова З.С., Матвиенко И.И., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ригин Б.В., Зуев Е.В., Андреева А.С., Пыженкова З.С., Матвиенко И.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rigin B.V., Zuev E.V., Andreeva A.S., Pyzhenkova Z.S., Matvienko I.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/461">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/461</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Для оптимизации селекции скороспелых, адаптированных к условиям внешней среды сортов мягкой пшеницы необходим поиск нового исходного материала. Ультраскороспелая линия Рико (к65588) – Triticum aestivum var. erythrospermum Koern. – выделяется среди представителей коллекции мягкой пшеницы ВИР по важным адаптивным признакам.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Изучены образцы яровой мягкой пшеницы коллекции ВИР с различной скоростью развития, а также ультраскороспелые линии Рифор 1 … 10 (F6-7 Рико × Forlani Roberto к-42641) и Фори 1 … 8 (к65589 … к-65596) (F4 Фотон к-55696 × Рико). Определена реакция на короткий 12-часовой день. Условия яровизации – 30 дней при 3°С. Генетика чувствительности растений на яровизацию и фотопериод исследована с использованием аллель-специфичных праймеров для генов Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1 и Ppd-D1.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и выводы</title><p>Результаты и выводы. В условиях Северо-Запада России период от посева до колошения растений Рико равен 39,9 ± 1,49 дней, или на 14,8 ± 1,22 дней меньше районированных сортов пшеницы. Среди 8400 образцов пшеницы, изученных отделом ГР пшеницы ВИР в этом районе с 1948 по 2018 г., самый короткий период «всходы – колошение» отмечен у линии Рико – 29 (28–30) дней. Отсутствие реакции на яровизацию Рико, линий Фори и Рифор детерминировано доминантными аллелями Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1. Фотопериодическую чувствительность Рико и частично Рифор контролируют как минимум два гена: Ppd-D1 и Ppd-B1. Линии Рифор могут конкурировать по продуктивности с районированными сортами пшеницы.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. To optimize the process of bread wheat breeding for earliness and environmental adaptability, searching for new source material is a crucial task. The ultra-early line Rico (k-65588) – Triticum aestivum var. erythrospermum Koern. – stands out among the bread wheat accessions from the VIR collection for its important adaptive features.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Spring wheat accessions with different speed of development were selected from the VIR collection for this study, along with the ultra-early lines Rifor 1 ... 10 (F6-7 Rico × Forlani Roberto k-42641) and Fori 1 ... 8 (k-65589 ... k-65596) (F4 Foton k-55696 × Rico). Their responses to a short 12-hour day were assessed. Vernalization conditions were 30 days at 3°C. The genetics of plant sensitivity to vernalization and photoperiods was studied using allele-specific primers for the genes Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1 and Ppd-D1.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and conclusions</title><p>Results and conclusions. In the Northwest of Russia, the period from seeding to heading for Rico plants was 39.9 ± 1.49 days, or 14.8 ± 1.22 days less than for the released commercial wheat cultivars. Among the 8400 wheat accessions, studied by the Wheat Genetic Resources Department of VIR in this area from 1948 to 2018, the shortest period from germination to heading was observed in the line Rico: 29 (28–30) days. The absence of response to vernalization in Rico, Fori and Rifor lines was determined by the dominant alleles Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1 and Vrn-D1. Photoperiodism in Rico and partially in Rifor was controlled by at least two genes: Ppd-D1 and Ppd-B1. In the F2 population of Rico hybrids with 8 wheat accessions no transgression was observed beyond the limits of Rico‘s variation. The difference in the development rate between Rico and other wheat accessions is controlled by two or three non-allelic genes. Rifor lines can compete in productivity with commercialized wheat cultivars.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ультраскороспелость</kwd><kwd>яровизация</kwd><kwd>фотопериод</kwd><kwd>продуктивность</kwd><kwd>гены</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ultra-earliness</kwd><kwd>vernalization</kwd><kwd>photoperiod</kwd><kwd>productivity</kwd><kwd>genes</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания согласно тематическому плану ВИР по проекту № 0662-2019-0006 «Поиск, поддержание жизнеспособности и раскрытие потенциала наследственной изменчивости мировой коллекции зерновых и крупяных культур ВИР для развития оптимизированного генбанка и рационального использования в селекции и растениеводстве».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cockram J., Jones H., Leigh F.J., O’Sullivan D., Powell W., Laurie D.A. 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