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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2015-3-336-345</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-43</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МОБИЛИЗАЦИЯ И СОХРАНЕНИЕ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКОГО РАЗНООБРАЗИЯ КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MOBILIZATION AND CONSERVATION OF THE GENETIC DIVERSITY OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МОНИТОРИНГ СТАРОМЕСТНЫХ СОРТОВ ПЛОДОВЫХ КУЛЬТУР ЧЕШСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ДЛЯ ВЫЯСНЕНИЯ ИХ ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЯ И ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ СОХРАНЕНИЯ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>MONITORING FRUIT LANDRACES IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC, TRACING THEIR ORIGIN AND POTENTIAL FOR THEIR CONSERVATION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голубец</surname><given-names>В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Holubec</surname><given-names>V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">holubec@vurv.cz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Папрстейн</surname><given-names>Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Paprstein</surname><given-names>F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Докоупил</surname><given-names>Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dokoupil</surname><given-names>L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Посолда</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Posolda</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Резничек</surname><given-names>В. .</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rezrncek</surname><given-names>V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт культурных растений</institution><country>Чехия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Crop Research Institute</institution><country>Czech Republic</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский и селекционный институт помологии</institution><country>Чехия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology</institution><country>Czech Republic</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Менделевский университет</institution><country>Чехия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mendel University</institution><country>Czech Republic</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Муниципалитет Кромериц</institution><country>Чехия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Municipality of Kromenz</institution><country>Czech Republic</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>06</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>176</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>336</fpage><lpage>345</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Голубец В., Папрстейн Ф., Докоупил Л., Посолда М., Резничек В..., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Голубец В., Папрстейн Ф., Докоупил Л., Посолда М., Резничек В...</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Holubec V., Paprstein F., Dokoupil L., Posolda M., Rezrncek V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/43">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/43</self-uri><abstract><p>Староместные сорта культурных растений, созданные на первых этапах ведения сельского хозяйства человеком путем отбора из дикого экотипа и выращиваемые фермерами в различных областях, были исследованы с целью сохранения отдельных фрагментов все еще существующих староместных сортов-популяций плодовых культур (ландрасов). Исследовались различные места произрастания стародавних сортов, включая сады и отдельно растущие деревья в сельской местности, а также придорожные посадки, выполняющие ветрозащитную и снегоудерживающую функции. Для отдельных деревьев, которые были отнесены к стародавним культурным сортам, были определены координаты местонахождений с помощью GPS, точки местонахождений нанесены на карту Geobase Чешской республики «The inventory listed 388 fruits out of total number 2866 accessions». Данный список - основание для того, чтобы продолжить поиски недостающих материалов. База данных культурных сортов была проанализирована, изучены места сосредоточения ландрасов. Лучшие староместные образцы были предложены для сохранения  in situ, главным образом, на территориях национальных парков и на охраняемых природных территориях.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Landraces of cultivated plants originated from the beginning of agriculture through selection from wild ecotypes and cultivated by farmers in their domestic region were investigated with the goal to conserve fragments of still existing fruit landraces, including restoration of variable countryside with scattered and roadside trees, wind-breaking and snow-catching functions including fruit consumption. Individual trees were identified, attributed to cultivars, localized by GPS and mapped in the Geobase Map of the Czech Republic. The inventory listed 388 fruits out of total number of 2866 accessions. It is a basis for searching lost and extinct materials. The database was analyzed for cultivars, regionality and their longevity by the length of registration. The best indigenous materials were proposed for  in situ  conservation mainly in the territory of National Parks and Protected Landscape Areas.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>староместные сорта-популяции (ландрасы)</kwd><kwd>плодовые культуры</kwd><kwd>образцы</kwd><kwd>in situ</kwd><kwd>ex situ</kwd><kwd>on farm сохранение</kwd><kwd>landraces</kwd><kwd>fruit samples</kwd><kwd>on farm conservation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ceccarelli S. 15 Landraces: Importance and use in breeding and environmentally friendly agronomic systems // Maxted N., Dulloo M.E., Ford-Lloyd B.V., Freese L., Iriondo J., Carvalho M.A.A.P. Agrobiodiversity Conservation. 2012. CABI UK. 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