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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2019-2-60-72</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-395</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОЛЛЕКЦИИ МИРОВЫХ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ РЕСУРСОВ КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ ДЛЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ПРИОРИТЕТНЫХ НАПРАВЛЕНИЙ СЕЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COLLECTIONS OF THE WORLD’S CROP GENETIC RESOURCES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRIORITY PLANT BREEDING TRENDS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОЦЕНКА САМОПЛОДНОСТИ СОРТОВ ЧЕРНОЙ СМОРОДИНЫ В УСЛОВИЯХ СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДА РОССИИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>EVALUATION OF SELF-FERTILITY IN BLACK CURRANT CULTIVARS IN THE NORTHWEST OF RUSSIA</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тихонова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tikhonova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000 Россия,г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o.tikhonova@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н. И. Вавилова (ВИР)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>10</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>180</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>72</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тихонова О.А., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тихонова О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tikhonova O.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/395">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/395</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Высокая урожайность является одним из основных требований, предъявляемых к современным сортам черной смородины. Она зависит от многих факторов, в том числе и от степени самоплодности сорта. Высокосамоплодные сорта имеют особую значимость в зонах с неблагоприятными погодными условиями во время цветения, поскольку способны обеспечить стабильную урожайность даже в моносортных посадках. В связи с этим изучение самоплодности сортов с целью выделения лучших по степени проявления признака для использования в селекции и промышленного возделывания является очень важным.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Изучение самоплодности проводили в 2014–2017 гг. на коллекции черной смородины научно-производственной базы (НПБ) «Пушкинские и Павловские лаборатории ВИР». Объектами исследования служили 57 сортов черной смородины различного генетического и эколого-географического происхождения. Степень самоплодности определяли по общепринятым методикам в трех вариантах опыления: 1) естественное самоопыление, 2) искусственное самоопыление, 3) свободное опыление. Статистическую обработку данных выполняли с использованием программы Microsoft Excel и методических указаний Б. А. Доспехова.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и выводы</title><p>Результаты и выводы. На основании проведенного изучения выделены высокосамоплодные сорта, которые могут служить ценным исходным материалом для использования в селекции: ‘Навля’ (к-42228), ‘Добрыня’ (к-42121), ‘Голубичка’ (к-32624), ‘Голосиевский великан’ (к-44176), ‘Валентина’ (к-15631А), ‘Козацкая’ (к-44187), ‘Арапка’ (к-44175), ‘Канахама’ (к-44197), ‘Фат’ (к-42509). Высокую гарантированную урожайность в условиях Северо-Запада России способны обеспечивать сорта, сочетающие высокую самоплодность с крупноплодностью: ‘Валентина’ (к-15631А), ‘Вернисаж ’(к-43126) ‘Гармония’ (к-40677), ‘Добрыня’ (к-42121), ‘Десертная Огольцовой’ (к-45670), ‘Канахама’ (к-44197), ‘Мила’ (к-40673), ‘Севчанка’ (к-45551), ‘Софиевская’ (к-43131), ‘Талисман’ (к-44183), ‘Юбилейная Копаня’ (к-44189), ‘Karri’ (к-44172), ‘Шалунья’ (к-41988), ‘Joninai’ (к-43124) и образец 2780-20-33 (к-15575А). Свободное опыление и искусственное самоопыление положительным образом влияют на величину завязываемости, массу плода и семенную продуктивность, и, напротив, при естественной автогамии прослеживается тенденция к уменьшению массы ягоды и количества семян в ней.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. High yield is one of the main requirements for modern black currant cultivars. It depends on many factors, but is always linked to self-fertility. Highly selffertile cultivars are of particular importance in areas with unfavorable weather conditions during flowering, because they are able to provide high yields even in single-cultivar plantings. In this regard, it is very important to study selffertility of cultivars in order to identify those with the highest level of this character for use in breeding and large-scale cultivation.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study of selffertility was carried out at Pushkin and Pavlovsk Laboratories of VIR in 2014–2017. Fifty-seven black currant cultivars of different genetic and ecogeographic origin were the material of the research. The degree of self-fertility was measured by conventional techniques in 3 variants of pollination: 1) natural self-pollination; 2) artificial self-pollination; and 3) free pollination. Statistical data processing was performed using Microsoft Excel and the guidelines by B. A. Dospekhov.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and conclusions</title><p>Results and conclusions. Highly self-fertile cultivars were identified, which may be recommended for breeders as sources of this trait: ‘Navlya’ (k-42228), ‘Dobrynya’ (k-42121), ‘Golubichka’ (k-32624), ‘Golosievsky velikan’ (k-44176), ‘Valentina’ (k-15631A), ‘Kozatskaya’ (k-44187), ‘Arapka’ (к-44175), ‘Kanakhama’ (k-44197) and ‘Fat’ (k-42509). High yield in the Northwest of Russia can be secured by cultivars that combine high self-fertility with large fruit size: ‘Valentina’ (k-15631A), ‘Vernisazh’ (k-43126), ‘Garmoniya’ (k-40677), ‘Dobrynya’ (k-42121), ‘Desertnaya Ogoltsovoy’(k-45670), ‘Joninai’ (k-43124), ‘Kanakhama’ (k-44197), ‘Karri (k-44172), ‘Mila’ (k-40673), ‘Sevchanka’(k-45551), ‘Sofievskaya’(k-43131), ‘Talisman’ (k-44183), ‘Yubileinaya Kopanya’ (k-44189), ‘Shalunya’(k-41988), and accession 2780-20-33 (k-15575A). It is shown that free pollination and artificial self-pollinationprovide a positive impact on the fruit setting level, fruit weight and seed productivity. Natural autogamy, on the contrary, tends to decrease the weight of berries and the number of seeds in them.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>самоопыление</kwd><kwd>свободное опыление</kwd><kwd>завязываемость ягод</kwd><kwd>семенная продуктивность</kwd><kwd>коэффициент вариации</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>self-fertility</kwd><kwd>free pollination</kwd><kwd>fruit setting</kwd><kwd>seed&#13;
number per berry</kwd><kwd>coefficient of variation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания согласно тематическому плану ВИР по теме № 0662-2019-0004 «Коллекции вегетативно размножаемых культур (картофель, плодовые, ягодные, декоративные, виноград) и их диких родичей ВИР – изучение и рациональное использование».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Буглова Л.В. Фертильность, жизнеспособность и оптимальные сроки хранения пыльцы представителей рода Trollius (Ranunculaceae). Ботанический журнал. 2015;100(3):270-277.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arasu N.T. Self-incompatibility in Ribes. Euphytica, 1969;19:373-378. Buglova L.V. 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Biological features of flowering, pollination and fertilization in varieties and seedlings of black currant in connection with the degree of their self-fertility (Biologisheskiye osobennosti tsveteniya, opyleniya i oplodotvoreniya sortov i seyantsev chernoy smorodiny v svyazi so stepenyu ikh samoplodnosti). In: Breeding, variety trials and agricultural practices for fruit and berry crops (Selektsiya, sortoizucheniye, agrotekhnika plodovykh i yagodnykh kultur); Vol. V; Orel; 1971; p.114-121. [in Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhdanov V.V. Biological features of flowering, pollination and fertilization in varieties and seedlings of black currant in connection with the degree of their self-fertility (Biologisheskiye osobennosti tsveteniya, opyleniya i oplodotvoreniya sortov i seyantsev chernoy smorodiny v svyazi so stepenyu ikh samoplodnosti). In: Breeding, variety trials and agricultural practices for fruit and berry crops (Selektsiya, sortoizucheniye, agrotekhnika plodovykh i yagodnykh kultur); Vol. V; Orel; 1971; p.114-121. [in Russian].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhdanov V.V. Biological features of flowering, pollination and fertilization in varieties and seedlings of black currant in connection with the degree of their self-fertility (Biologisheskiye osobennosti tsveteniya, opyleniya i oplodotvoreniya sortov i seyantsev chernoy smorodiny v svyazi so stepenyu ikh samoplodnosti). In: Breeding, variety trials and agricultural practices for fruit and berry crops (Selektsiya, sortoizucheniye, agrotekhnika plodovykh i yagodnykh kultur); Vol. V; Orel; 1971; p.114-121. [in Russian].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
