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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2026-2-o14</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-2525</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИЗУЧЕНИЕ И ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ РЕСУРСОВ РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>STUDYING AND UTILIZATION OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Содержание хлорофилла a, b  и каротиноидов в листьях коллекционных генотипов кунжута (Sesamum indicum L.) в условиях Ташкентской области Республики Узбекистан</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chlorophyll a  and b  and carotenoid content in the leaves of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) collection genotypes under the conditions of Tashkent Region, Republic of Uzbekistan</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8076-6945</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пирназаров</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pirnazarov</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ербол Бакирович Пирназаров, базовый докторант, преподаватель</p><p>111720 Узбекистан, Чирчик, ул. Амира Темура, 104</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Erbol B. Pirnazarov, Basic Doctoral Student, Lecturer</p><p>104 Amir Temur St., Chirchik 111720, Uzbekistan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.pirnazarov@cspu.uz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2215-0515</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аманов</surname><given-names>Б. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Amanov</surname><given-names>B Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бахтиёр Хушбакович Аманов, доктор биологических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой</p><p>111720 Узбекистан, Чирчик, ул. Амира Темура, 104</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bakhtiyar Kh. Amanov, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor, Head of a Department</p><p>104 Amir Temur St., Chirchik 111720, Uzbekistan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">b.amanov@cspu.uz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Чирчикский государственный педагогический университет</institution><country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chirchik State Pedagogical University</institution><country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>187</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>83</fpage><lpage>91</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пирназаров Е.Б., Аманов Б.Х., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пирназаров Е.Б., Аманов Б.Х.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pirnazarov E.B., Amanov B.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2525">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2525</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. В условиях аридизации климата и нарастания водного дефицита в Республике Узбекистан кунжут (Sesamum indicum L.) рассматривается как перспективная масличная культура, способная адаптироваться к высоким температурам и ограниченной влагообеспеченности. Однако физиолого-биохимические особенности фотосинтетического аппарата различных генотипов кунжута остаются недостаточно изученными, что ограничивает возможности целенаправленного селекционного отбора устойчивых форм.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследованы 12 коллекционных генотипов кунжута различного эколого-географического происхождения, выращенных в условиях Кибрайского района Ташкентской области в 2025 г. Содержание хлорофиллов a, b, их суммы и каротиноидов в листьях определяли спектрофотометрически после экстракции 96-процентным этанолом в фазах бутонизации, цветения и начала формирования коробочек по формулам Лихтенталера.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что концентрация хлорофилла a (Chl a) в течение генеративного периода оставалась относительно стабильной (1,06–1,18 мг/г), тогда как содержание Chl b проявляло выраженную фазовую динамику, снижаясь к цветению и возрастая на стадии формирования коробочек. Максимальные значения суммарного хлорофилла (1,97 мг/г) отмечены на поздней фазе. Отношение Chl a/b варьировало в пределах 1,6–2,4, достигая максимума в фазе цветения и минимума в фазе плодообразования. Индекс Car/Chl (a+b) возрастал до 0,195 в период цветения и снижался до 0,108 к началу формирования плодов. Среди генотипов наибольшие уровни хлорофиллов и каротиноидов выявлены у K66, K161 и K1396, что указывает на их повышенную фотозащитную способность и потенциальную стрессоустойчивость.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученные данные подтверждают выраженную фазовую и генотипическую вариабельность пигментной системы кунжута. Генотипы K66, K161 и K1396 могут быть рекомендованы в качестве исходного материала для селекционной работы, направленной на повышение засухоустойчивости и продуктивности культуры в аридных условиях.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Under the conditions of climate aridization and increasing water deficit in Uzbekistan, sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is considered a promising oilseed crop, capable of adapting to high temperatures and limited water availability. However, physiological and biochemical features of the photosynthetic apparatus in different sesame genotypes remain insufficiently studied, which limits targeted breeding of stress-tolerant forms.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Twelve sesame collection genotypes of diverse ecogeographic origin, grown in Qibray District, Tashkent Region, in 2025, were studied. The content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, their total, and carotenoids in leaves was measured spectrophotometrically after extraction with 96% ethanol at the stages of budding, flowering, and the onset of capsule formation, using Lichtenthaler’s formulas.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The concentration of chlorophyll a (Chl a) was found to remain relatively stable during the generative period (1.06–1.18 mg/g), whereas the content of Chl b exhibited pronounced phase-dependent dynamics, decreasing toward flowering and increasing in the stage of capsule formation. The highest values of total chlorophyll (1.97 mg/g) were recorded in the late development stage. The Chl a/b ratio varied from 1.6 to 2.4, reaching its maximum during flowering, and minimum during fruit formation. The Car/Chl (a+b) index increased to 0.195 during flowering and declined to 0.108 at the onset of fruit development. Among the genotypes, K66, K161, and K1396 showed the highest levels of chlorophylls and carotenoids, which attest to their enhanced photoprotective capacity and potential stress tolerance.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The obtained data confirm pronounced phase-related and genotypic variability of the pigment system in sesame leaves. Genotypes K66, K161, and K1396 may be recommended as source material for breeding programs aimed at improving drought tolerance and productivity of the crop under arid conditions.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фотосинтетическая активность</kwd><kwd>пигментная система растений</kwd><kwd>физиология фотосинтеза</kwd><kwd>адаптация к засухе</kwd><kwd>аридный климат</kwd><kwd>селекция масличных культур</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>photosynthetic activity</kwd><kwd>plant pigment system</kwd><kwd>photosynthesis physiology</kwd><kwd>adaptation to drought</kwd><kwd>arid climate</kwd><kwd>oilseed crop breeding</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">исследование выполнено без внешнего финансирования.  Авторы выражают признательность Научно-исследовательскому институту генетических ресурсов растений Республики Узбекистан за предоставление материалов и создание условий для проведения эксперимента.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the study was conducted without external funding.  The authors express their gratitude to the Research Institute of Plant Genetic Resources of the Republic of Uzbekistan for providing plant material and creating favorable conditions for the experiment.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anee T.I., Nahar K., Rahman A., Al Mahmud J., Bhuiyan T.F., Ul Alam M. et al. Oxidative damage and antioxidant defense in Sesamum indicum after different waterlogging durations. Plants (Basel). 2019;8(7):196. 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