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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2026-3-o8</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-2522</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКОГО РАЗНООБРАЗИЯ КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙ ДЛЯ РЕШЕНИЯ ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ И ПРИКЛАДНЫХ ПРОБЛЕМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>IDENTIFICATION OF THE DIVERSITY OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVES FOR SOLVING FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED PROBLEMS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Спонтанная гибридизация в секции Rhizirideum рода Allium на примере Allium nutans и A. spirale</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Spontaneous hybridization in Allium sect. Rhizirideum: case study of Allium nutans and A. spirale</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7644-9176</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синицына</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinitsyna</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Александровна Синицына, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>656049 Россия, Барнаул, пр. Ленина, 61</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana A. Sinitsyna, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher</p><p>61 Lenina Ave., Barnaul 656049, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">t.sinitsyna@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4884-0768</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скапцов</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skaptsov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Викторович Скапцов, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>656049 Россия, Барнаул, пр. Ленина, 61</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail V. Skaptsov, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher</p><p>61 Lenina Ave., Barnaul 656049, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mr.skaptsov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3318-5163</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уварова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Uvarova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Васильевна Уварова, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>656049 Россия, Барнаул, пр. Ленина, 61</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Uvarova, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher</p><p>61 Lenina Ave., Barnaul 656049, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">uwarowa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-6851</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куцев</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutsev</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максим Геннадьевич Куцев, кандидат биологических наук</p><p>656049 Россия, Барнаул, пр. Ленина, 61,</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim G. Kutsev, Cand. Sci. (Biology)</p><p>61 Lenina Ave., Barnaul 656049, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m_kucev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9657-3959</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Владимирович Смирнов, кандидат биологических наук, заведующий отделом</p><p>656049 Россия, Барнаул, пр. Ленина, 61</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Smirnov, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Head of a Department</p><p>61 Lenina Ave., Barnaul 656049, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">serg_sm_@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Алтайский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Altai State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>187</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>234</fpage><lpage>244</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Синицына Т.А., Скапцов М.В., Уварова О.В., Куцев М.Г., Смирнов С.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Синицына Т.А., Скапцов М.В., Уварова О.В., Куцев М.Г., Смирнов С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sinitsyna T.A., Skaptsov M.V., Uvarova O.V., Kutsev M.G., Smirnov S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2522">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2522</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Межвидовая гибридизация является одним из основных способов видообразования у растений. В 2017 г. на коллекционном участке Южно-Сибирского ботанического сада (г. Барнаул) нами были собраны образцы лука с морфологическими признаками, промежуточными между Allium nutans L. и A. spirale Willd., произрастающими рядом с собранными растениями. Ареалы этих видов не пересекаются, но они относятся к одной секции Rhizirideum G. Don ex W.D.J. Koch. Цель нашей работы – выяснить происхождение предполагаемых гибридных растений с помощью молекулярно-генетических методов, проточной цитометрии и кариологии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В работе использовались свежие листья и семена живых растений A. nutans, A. spirale и предполагаемых гибридов. Для изучения хромосом в митозе использовались кончики корней пророщенных семян. Анализы проводились на цитометрах Cytoflex (Beckman Coulter, США) и CyFlow PA (Partec, Германия) с внутренними стандартами Allium fistulosum L. и Vicia faba L. (сорт ‘Inovec’). ДНК выделяли с помощью набора DiamondDNA («АБТ», Россия) в соответствии с протоколом производителя. Фрагменты ядерной (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) и хлоропластной (trnQ-rps16) ДНК амплифицировали, очищали и секвенировали по Сэнгеру. Полученные последовательности были проанализированы в Chromas 2.6.4 и MEGA7.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Растения A. nutans образуют семена с разным уровнем плоидности (2n = 32, 40). Проростки из семян гибридных форм также имеют разное количество хромосом (2n = 40, 72–80). Анализ фрагментов ITS яДНК подтвердил гибридное происхождение изученных образцов. Последовательности rps16 гибридных образцов совпадали с последовательностями A. nutans из коллекции, что позволяет считать его материнским растением.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Впервые в условиях интродукции были обнаружены гибриды A. nutans × A. spirale. Выявленные случаи спонтанной гибридизации свидетельствуют о возможности проводить прямое скрещивание этих видов для получения новых сортов и разновидностей рода Allium L.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Interspecific hybridization is one of the key ways of plant speciation. In 2017, we studied the collection site of the South-Siberian Botanical Garden (SSBG, Barnaul) and collected several Allium L. samples having morphological characters intermediate between A. nutans L. and A. spirale Willd. plants grown nearby. The areas of distribution of these species do not overlap, but both species belong to sect. Rhizirideum G. Don ex W.D.J. Koch. The objective of our work was to confirm the hybrid origin of the specimens using molecular genetic methods, flow cytometry, and karyology.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Fresh leaves and seeds from live plants of A. nutans, A. spirale, and their putative hybrids were used in the study. Root tips isolated from germinated seeds served to analyze the Allium chromosomes in mitosis. Flow cytometry was performed on Cytoflex (Beckman Coulter, USA) and CyFlow PA (Partec, Germany) cytometers, with A. fistulosum L., and Vicia faba L. ‘Inovec’ used as internal standards. DNA was extracted using a DiamondDNA kit (ABT, Russia) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Nuclear (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) and chloroplast (trnQ-rps16) DNA fragments were amplified, purified, and sequenced by Sanger. The obtained sequences were analyzed in Chromas 2.6.4, and in MEGA7.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Plants of A. nutans yielded seeds with different ploidy levels. The seed progeny of hybrid forms also had different chromosome numbers. The analysis of ITS fragments of nuclear DNA confirmed the hybrid origin of the specimens. The rps16 sequences of the alleged hybrids were identical to the sequences of A. nutans from the SSBG, which confirmed its maternal status.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. For the first time we found A. nutans × A. spirale hybrids under plant introduction conditions. Those cases of spontaneous hybridization make it possible to perform direct crosses between these species and obtain new ornamental cultivars and varieties in the genus Allium.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>проточная цитометрия</kwd><kwd>секвенирование по Сэнгеру</kwd><kwd>спонтанная межвидовая гибридизация</kwd><kwd>числа хромосом</kwd><kwd>Allium nutans</kwd><kwd>Allium spirale</kwd><kwd>Rhizirideum</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>flow cytometry</kwd><kwd>sequencing by Sanger</kwd><kwd>spontaneous hybridization</kwd><kwd>chromosome numbers</kwd><kwd>Allium nutans</kwd><kwd>Allium spirale</kwd><kwd>Rhizirideum</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">работа осуществлена в рамках государственного задания Минобрнауки РФ по теме FZMW-2026-0006 «Роль микроэволюционных процессов в видообразовании на примере модельных родов сосудистых растений Южной Сибири и Дальнего Востока в биогеографическом аспекте».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the work was funded in the framework of the state task assigned by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Project No. FZMW-2026-0006 “The role of microevolutionary processes in speciation exemplified by model genera of vascular plants from Southern Siberia and the Far East in a biogeographic aspect”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баркалов В.Ю. 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