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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2026-3-o10</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-2506</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИММУНИТЕТ КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>IMMUNITY OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вирулентность краснодарской и дагестанской популяций Puccinia hordei Otth.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Virulence of the Krasnodar and Dagestan populations of Puccinia hordei Otth.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6009-9757</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данилова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Валерьевна Данилова, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>350039 Россия, Краснодар, ул. Калинина, 62, </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia V. Danilova, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher</p><p>62 Kalinina St., Krasnodar 350039, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">starlight001@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3696-2610</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галина Владимировна Волкова, доктор биологических наук, член-корреспондент РАН, главный научный сотрудник, руководитель лаборатории</p><p>350039 Россия, Краснодар, ул. Калинина, 62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina V. Volkova, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Corresponding Member of the RAS, Chief Researcher, Head of a Laboratory</p><p>62 Kalinina St., Krasnodar 350039, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galvol.bpp@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0568-4312</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудинова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudinova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Александровна Кудинова, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>350039 Россия, Краснодар, ул. Калинина, 62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Kudinova, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher</p><p>62 Kalinina St., Krasnodar 350039, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alosa@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный центр биологической защиты растений</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center of Biological Plant Protection</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>187</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>255</fpage><lpage>261</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Данилова А.В., Волкова Г.В., Кудинова О.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Данилова А.В., Волкова Г.В., Кудинова О.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Danilova A.V., Volkova G.V., Kudinova O.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2506">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2506</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Карликовая ржавчина – одна из вредоносных болезней ячменя, которая ежегодно отмечается в Краснодарском крае и в Республике Дагестан. Вирулентность популяции Puccinia hordei Otth. в Дагестане ранее не изучалась, этот вопрос представляет интерес для установления границ северокавказской популяции, а также для мониторинга возможного заноса популяции фитопатогена из соседнего региона.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Вирулентность популяций изучали с использованием 15 сортов и линий-дифференциаторов ячменя международного набора. Учет инфекционных типов осуществляли с помощью шкалы Левина и Черевика. Разнообразие популяций по вирулентности считали по индексу Нея (Hs), различие между популяциями – по генетическому расстоянию Нея (N). Результаты и выводы. Проанализирована вирулентность 76 монопустульных изолятов P. hordei из Краснодарского края и Республики Дагестан. Большинство изолятов были вирулентны к носителям генов Rph1, Rph2, Rph3, Rph4, Rph5, Rph6 + Rph2, Rph8, Rph12, Rph21 + Rph2, Rph25. В популяции из Дагестана не обнаружено изолятов, вирулентных к Rph7 и Rph9, при этом преобладали изоляты, вирулентные к генам Rph13 и Rph14. Различие между популяциями по индексу Нея составило 0,04 у. е. Разнообразие популяций из Краснодарского края и Дагестана составило соответственно 0,18 у. е. и 0,32 у. е. Популяции фитопатогена из обоих регионов насыщенны изолятами с высоким содержанием аллелей вирулентности и не имеют значительных различий по индексу Нея. При этом популяция из Дагестана отличается более высоким разнообразием по частотам генов вирулентности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Barley leaf rust is a harmful disease of barley in Russia and worldwide. In Krasnodar Territory, as well as in the Republic of Dagestan, this disease has been recorded every year. Dagestan, a geographically isolated terrain with contrasting climate conditions, harbors a diversity of wild barleys. The virulence of the Puccinia hordei Otth. population in Dagestan has not been studied, but this issue is of interest for establishing the boundaries for the North Caucasian population and for monitoring possible invasions of the pathogen’s populations from adjacent areas.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Virulence of the studied populations was analyzed on 15 barley cultivars and lines from international and Australian differential sets. Infectious types were registered using the Levine and Cherewick scale. Nei’s genetic diversity index (Hs) was employed to calculate the diversity of the populations in their virulence, and Nei’s genetic distance (N) for the differences between the populations.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and conclusions</title><p>Results and conclusions. Virulence of 76 monouredinial P. hordei isolates from Krasnodar Territory and the Republic of Dagestan was analyzed. Most of the isolates were virulent to Rph1, Rph2, Rph3, Rph4, Rph5, Rph6 + Rph2, Rph8, Rph12, Rph21 + Rph2, and Rph25. The Dagestan population had no isolates virulent to Rph7 and Rph9, while the isolates virulent to Rph13 and Rph14 predominated. The difference between the populations scored 0.04 according to Nei, and the diversity of the Krasnodar and Dagestan populations was 0.18 and 0.32, respectively. The pathogen’s populations from both regions were saturated with isolates with high content of virulent alleles and had no significant differences in Nei’s index. At the same time, the population from Dagestan demonstrated higher diversity in the frequencies of virulence genes.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>карликовая ржавчина ячменя</kwd><kwd>ячмень озимый</kwd><kwd>гены устойчивости</kwd><kwd>фитопатоген</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>barley leaf rust</kwd><kwd>winter barley</kwd><kwd>resistance genes</kwd><kwd>phytopathogen</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">исследование проведено в рамках государственного задания Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ Федеральному научному центру биологической защиты растений по теме № FGRN-2025-0002 «Разработка приемов оптимизации фитосанитарного состояния посевов зерновых культур на основе мониторинга внутрипопуляционной структуры опасных патогенов, сортовой устойчивости и научно обоснованного применения индукторов болезнеустойчивости».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the research was conducted in the framework of the state task assigned by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation to the Federal Research Center of Biological Plant Protection, Project No FGRN-2025-0002 “Development of methods for optimizing the phytosanitary status of cereal crops, based on monitoring the intrapopulation structure of dangerous pathogens, varietal resistance, and scientifically justified use of disease resistance inducers”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абдуллаев Р.А. 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