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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2025-4-168-181</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-2493</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКОГО РАЗНООБРАЗИЯ КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙ ДЛЯ РЕШЕНИЯ ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ И ПРИКЛАДНЫХ ПРОБЛЕМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>IDENTIFICATION OF THE DIVERSITY OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVES FOR SOLVING FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED PROBLEMS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>In  silico-анализ геномов представителей семейства Rosaceae Juss. c целью создания ISAP-маркеров</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>In  silico  analysis of the genomes within the Rosaceae Juss. family to develop ISAP markers</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8103-2191</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Камнев</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamnev</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Антон Михайлович Камнев, младший научный сотрудник, ВИР</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anton M. Kamnev, Associate Researcher, VIR</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">antonkamen@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0178-0805</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лапкасов</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapkasov</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Евгеньевич Лапкасов, младший научный сотрудник, ВИР</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail E. Lapkasov, Associate Researcher, VIR</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.lapkasov@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6722-0907</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тюкалова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyukalova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алина Артуровна Тюкалова, магистрант, Научно-технологический университет «Сириус», Научный центр генетики и наук о жизни</p><p>354340 Россия, Краснодарский край, федеральная территория «Сириус», пгт. Сириус, Олимпийский пр., 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alina A. Tyukalova, MSc Student, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Research Center of Genetics and Life Sciences</p><p>1 Olimpiysky Ave., Sirius Settlem., Sirius Federal Territory, Krasnodar Territory 354340, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">distantsiya2020@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2982-0115</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жидяева</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhidiyaeva</surname><given-names>S. V.,</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Серафима Валерьевна Жидяева, младший научный сотрудник, Научно-технологический университет «Сириус», Научный центр генетики и наук о жизни</p><p>354340 Россия, Краснодарский край, федеральная территория «Сириус», пгт. Сириус, Олимпийский пр., 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Serafima V. Zhidiyaeva, Associate Researcher, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Research Center of Genetics and Life Sciences</p><p>1 Olimpiysky Ave., Sirius Settlem., Sirius Federal Territory, Krasnodar Territory 354340, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhidyaeva.sv@talantiuspeh.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8334-8069</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антонова</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonova</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Юрьевна Антонова, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник,  ВИР; научный сотрудник, Научно-технологический университет «Сириус», Научный центр генетики и наук о жизни</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Большая Морская, 42, 44; 354340 Россия, Краснодарский край, федеральная территория «Сириус», пгт. Сириус, Олимпийский пр., 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Yu. Antonova, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher, VIR; Researcher, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Research Center of Genetics and Life Sciences</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia; 1 Olimpiysky Ave., Sirius Settlem., Sirius Federal Territory, Krasnodar Territory 354340, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olgaant326@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научно-технологический университет «Сириус»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Sirius University of Science and Technology<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова; Научно-технологический университет «Сириус»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources;  Sirius University of Science and Technology<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>186</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>168</fpage><lpage>181</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Камнев А.М., Лапкасов М.Е., Тюкалова А.А., Жидяева С.В., Антонова О.Ю., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Камнев А.М., Лапкасов М.Е., Тюкалова А.А., Жидяева С.В., Антонова О.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kamnev A.M., Lapkasov M.E., Tyukalova A.A., Zhidiyaeva S.V., Antonova O.Y.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2493">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2493</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Семейство Розовые (Rosaceae Juss.) – таксон, к которому относится ряд экономически ценных культур. Исследования генетического разнообразия как сортов и селекционных форм культурных растений этого семейства, так и их диких родичей имеют важное значение для привлечения нового материала в генетические коллекции и в селекцию. Хорошим инструментом для их быстрого и информативного анализа могут служить маркеры, основанные на полиморфизме ретротранспозонов, в том числе ISAP-маркеры, детектирующие различия в расположении SINE-транспозонов. Поскольку SINE-элементы обладают высокой гетерогенностью, ISAP-маркеры, разработанные для одного вида, могут оказаться непригодны для работы с другими видами.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ геномов представителей пяти видов родов Fragaria L., Rosa L. и Rubus L. Для выравнивания SINE-последовательностей и их кластеризации с целью последующего дизайна праймеров разработана оригинальная биоинформатическая программа. Апробация праймеров, созданных для малины и розы, была выполнена на ограниченных выборках (28 и 21 образец соответственно).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В гаплоидных геномах представителей родов Fragaria, Rosa и Rubus выявлено от 857 до 3477 SINE-элементов, при этом во всех геномах они были распределены на хромосомах неравномерно. Применение биоинформатических методов для анализа выявленных SINE-последовательностей позволило для каждой культуры разработать специфичные праймеры. Сформированная система ISAP-маркеров показала высокую степень генерируемого полиморфизма (PIC &gt; 0,90). Праймеры, подобранные для рода Rosa, оказались способными генерировать ПЦР-продукты и у представителей других культур семейства Rosaceae, включая вишню, грушу и землянику, однако наблюдаемый полиморфизм был существенно ниже.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученная система ISAP-маркеров способна генерировать большое количество полиморфных фрагментов. Это позволяет применять ее для генотипирования и изучения генетического разнообразия как сортов, так и дикорастущих популяций.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The rose family (Rosaceae Juss.) is an economically important taxon that includes a number of cultivated species. Studying the genetic diversity of crop wild relatives within this family is important to include new genetic material into genetic collections and utilize it in breeding practice. Markers based on retrotransposon polymorphism, including ISAP markers that detect differences in the location of SINE transposons, can be a useful tool for rapid and informative analysis of natural Rosaceae populations. Since SINE elements are highly heterogeneous, ISAP markers developed for one species may be unsuitable for the others.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Genomes representing five species of the genera Rubus L., Rosa L. and Fragaria L. were analyzed in silico. An original bioinformatics program was developed to align and cluster the SINE sequences. The primers designed for raspberry and rose were tested on limited subsets (28 and 21 accessions, respectively).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. From 857 to 3477 SINEs were identified in the haploid genomes of the studied genera; an uneven distribution of elements across chromosomes was observed in all genomes. Bioinformatics methods applied to analyze the obtained SINE sequences made it possible to develop specific primers for each crop. The designed ISAP marker system revealed a high degree of generated polymorphism in the samples (PIC &gt; 0.90). The primers developed for the genus Rosa were also capable of generating PCR products in other crops from the Rosaceae family, including cherry, pear, and strawberry, although the observed polymorphism was significantly lower.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The developed ISAP marker system can generate large amounts of polymorphic fragments. Therefore, it may be used for genotyping and molecular certification of cultivars as well as for studying the genetic diversity of wild populations.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ретротранспозоны</kwd><kwd>SINE</kwd><kwd>ISAP-маркеры</kwd><kwd>Rosaceae</kwd><kwd>биоинформатический анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>retrotransposons</kwd><kwd>SINE</kwd><kwd>ISAP markers</kwd><kwd>Rosaceae</kwd><kwd>bioinformatics analysis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Результаты получены при финансовой поддержке исследования, реализуемого в рамках государственной программы федеральной территории «Сириус» «Научно-технологическое развитие федеральной территории “Сириус”» (соглашение № 18-03 от 10.09.2024).  Авторы благодарят рецензентов за их вклад в экспертную оценку этой работы.</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The results were obtained with financial support from the state program for the Sirius Federal Territory “Scientific and technological development of the Sirius Federal Territory” (Agreement No. 18-03 dated Sept. 10, 2024). The authors thank the reviewers for their contribution to the peer review of this work.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Antonius-Klemola K., Kalendar R., Schulman A.H. TRIM retrotransposons occur in apple and are polymorphic between varieties but not sports. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 2006;112(6):999-1008. DOI: 10.1007/s00122-005-0203-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Antonius-Klemola K., Kalendar R., Schulman A.H. 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