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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2026-2-o3</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-2464</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Геномные районы сои, ассоциированные со сроками цветения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genomic regions associated with flowering dates in soybean</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7915-441X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меньков</surname><given-names>М Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Menkov</surname><given-names>M. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Тимофеевич Меньков, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>354340 Россия, Краснодарский край, федеральная территория «Сириус», пгт. Сириус, Олимпийский пр., 1; 190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail T. Menkov, Associate Researcher</p><p>1 Olimpiysky Ave., Sirius Settlem., Sirius Federal Territory, Krasnodar Territory 354340, Russia; 42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuu77753@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3308-9198</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сеферова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Seferova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Владимировна Сеферова, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, ВИР</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Seferova, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher, VIR</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.seferova@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0455-7168</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лепилова</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Анатольевна Лепилова, магистр</p><p>354340 Россия, Краснодарский край, федеральная территория «Сириус», пгт. Сириус, Олимпийский пр., 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ek.lepilova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1958-5008</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Швачко</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shvachko</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталия Альбертовна Швачко, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, ВИР</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nataliya A. Shvachko, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher, VIR</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n.shvachko@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1510-8546</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бойко</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boyko</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Петрович Бойко, доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, директор, Адлерская опытная станция – филиал ВИР</p><p>353340 Россия, Сочи, ул. Ленина, 95</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander P. Boyko, Dr. Sci. (Agriculture), Director, Adler Experiment Station – branch of VIR</p><p>95 Lenina St., Sochi 353340, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aos.vir@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8470-8254</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хлесткина</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khlestkina</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Константиновна Хлесткина, доктор биологических наук, член-корреспондент РАН, руководитель направления, Научно-технологический университет «Сириус», Научный центр генетики и наук о жизни; директор,  ВИР</p><p>354340 Россия, Краснодарский край, федеральная территория «Сириус», пгт. Сириус, Олимпийский пр., 1; 190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena K. Khlestkina, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Corresponding Member of the RAS, Research Area Manager, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Research Center of Genetics and Life Sciences; Director, VIR</p><p>1 Olimpiysky Ave., Sirius Settlem., Sirius Federal Territory, Krasnodar Territory 354340, Russia; 42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">director@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4341-0766</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Розанова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rozanova</surname><given-names>I V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Вениаминовна Розанова, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>354340 Россия, Краснодарский край, федеральная территория «Сириус», пгт. Сириус, Олимпийский пр., 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Rozanova, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher</p><p>1 Olimpiysky Ave., Sirius Settlem., Sirius Federal Territory, Krasnodar Territory 354340, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.rozanova@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-технологический университет «Сириус», Центр генетики и наук о жизни; Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sirius University of Science and Technology, Research Center of Genetics and Life Sciences; N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-технологический университет «Сириус», Центр генетики и наук о жизни</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sirius University of Science and Technology, Research Center of Genetics and Life Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова, Адлерская опытная станция – филиал ВИР</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Adler Experiment Station – branch of VIR</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>187</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>114</fpage><lpage>127</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Меньков М.Т., Сеферова И.В., Лепилова Е.Л., Швачко Н.А., Бойко А.П., Хлесткина Е.К., Розанова И.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Меньков М.Т., Сеферова И.В., Лепилова Е.Л., Швачко Н.А., Бойко А.П., Хлесткина Е.К., Розанова И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Menkov M.T., Seferova I.V., Лепилова Е.Л., Shvachko N.A., Boyko A.P., Khlestkina E.K., Rozanova I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2464">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2464</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Соя (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) – один из наиболее значимых объектов мирового сельского хозяйства. Важным направлением в селекции сои является оптимизация продолжительности вегетационного периода. Современные методы, включая использование ДНК-маркеров, позволяют ускорить отбор нужных генотипов. Одним из инструментов для выявления маркеров является полногеномный анализ ассоциаций (GWAS). Целью статьи было выявление локусов, ассоциированных с продолжительностью периода от всходов до цветения.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Был выполнен GWAS на данных трехлетнего полевого изучения (2023–2025) на Адлерской опытной станции – филиале ВИР (43.450° N, 39.933° E) и данных GBS (genotyping by sequencing) выборки из 169 образцов сои коллекции ВИР разного эколого-географического происхождения. Анализ выполнен с использованием программного обеспечения Tassel 5.0, реализующего смешанную линейную модель (MLM).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявлено 48 значимых SNP, распределенных по 14 хромосомам. Среди них присутствуют известные QTL, участвующие в регуляции цветения, и потенциально новые локусы на хромосомах Gm1 (115 сМ), Gm6 (117 сМ), Gm7 (34–36 сМ), Gm8 (116 сМ), ранее не описанные в литературе.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Помимо известных QTL, участвующих в регуляции цветения, в ходе исследования выявлены новые локусы, ранее не описанные в литературе. Изучение сортов сои, имеющих различное географическое происхождение, в условиях прибрежной зоны Черного моря позволило выявить новые маркеры, ассоциированные со сроком цветения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Soybean (Glycine L.) Merr.) is one of the most important crops worldwide. Optimizing the growing season is a key focus in soybean breeding. Modern methods, including the use of DNA markers, make it possible to accelerate selection of desired genotypes. One of the marker identification tools is a genome-wide association study (GWAS). The research objective was to pinpoint the loci associated with the duration of the germination-to-flowering period.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The GWAS utilized the data from a three-year field study (2023–2025) conducted at Adler Experiment Station of VIR (43.450° N, 39.933° E), and the GBS data for a set of 169 soybean accessions from the VIR collection (origin: China, Russia, USA, Moldova, Canada, etc.). The Tassel 5.0 software was employed, implementing a mixed linear model (MLM).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Forty-eight significant SNPs distributed across 14 chromosomes were identified. These included the known QTLs involved in flowering regulation and the potentially novel chromosome loci Gm1 (115 cM), Gm6 (117 cM), Gm7 (34-36 cM), and Gm8 (116 cM), previously undescribed in the literature.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The study of soybean cultivars of various geographic origin in the coastal zone of the Black Sea resulted in identifying new markers associated with flowering schedules.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>соя</kwd><kwd>Glycine max</kwd><kwd>маркеры SNP</kwd><kwd>GWAS</kwd><kwd>фенология</kwd><kwd>сроки цветения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>soybean</kwd><kwd>Glycine max</kwd><kwd>SNP markers</kwd><kwd>GWAS</kwd><kwd>phenology</kwd><kwd>flowering times</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">полногеномный анализ ассоциаций и анализ структуры популяции выполнены в рамках государственной программы федеральной территории «Сириус» «Научно-технологическое развитие федеральной территории “Сириус”» (соглашение № 18-03 от 10.09.2024). Формирование выборки сои осуществлено в рамках темы ВИР (FGEM-2022-0002), а ее генотипирование – в рамках программы Центра «Агротехнологии будущего» ВИР. Авторы выражают признательность К. С. Клемешовой (Субтропический научный центр РАН, Сочи) за предоставление данных о погодных условиях.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">GWAS and population structure analyses were performed within the state program for the Sirius Federal Territory “Scientific and technological development of the Sirius Federal Territory” (Agreement No. 18-03 dated Sept. 10, 2024). Soybean accessions were sampled under the thematic plan of VIR (FGEM-2022-0002), and genotyped in the framework of the program for the Agrotechnologies for the Future Center. The authors are grateful to K. S. Klemeshova (Subtropical Scientific Center of the RAS, Sochi) for providing data on weather conditions.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bhat J.A., Yu D. 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