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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2025-3-218-230</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-2443</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКОГО РАЗНООБРАЗИЯ КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙ ДЛЯ РЕШЕНИЯ ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ И ПРИКЛАДНЫХ ПРОБЛЕМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>IDENTIFICATION OF THE DIVERSITY OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVES FOR SOLVING FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED PROBLEMS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Triticum ispahanicum Heslot – генетический ресурс для улучшения вида T. aestivum L.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Triticum ispahanicum Heslot: a genetic resource for improving the species T. aestivum L.</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3968-2470</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дружин</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Druzhin</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александр Евгеньевич Дружин, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник.</p><p>410010, Саратов, ул. Тулайкова, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander E. Druzhin, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher.</p><p>7 Tulaikova St., Saratov 410010</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alex_druzhin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8324-9765</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сибикеев</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sibikeev</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Николаевич Сибикеев, доктор биологических наук, главный научный сотрудник.</p><p>410010 Саратов, ул. Тулайкова, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey N. Sibikeev,  Dr. Sci. (Biology), Chief Researcher.</p><p>7 Tulaikova St., Saratov 410010</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sibikeev_sergey@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7948-0307</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гультяева</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gultyaeva</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Ивановна Гультяева, доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник.</p><p>196608, Санкт-Петербург, Пушкин, ш. Подбельского, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena I. Gultyaeva, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher.</p><p>3 Podbelskogo Hwy., Pushkin, St. Petersburg 196608</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gullena@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6751-3789</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фитилева</surname><given-names>З. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fitileva</surname><given-names>Z. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зульфия Ерназаровна Фитилева,  младший научный сотрудник.</p><p>410010, Саратов, ул. Тулайкова, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zulfiya E. Fitileva, Associate Researcher.</p><p>7 Tulaikova St., Saratov 410010</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Zulya0305@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3631-1084</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреева</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreeva</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Любовь Владимировна Андреева, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник.</p><p>410010, Саратов, ул. Тулайкова, 7</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lubov V. Andreeva, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher.</p><p>7 Tulaikova St., Saratov 410010</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный аграрный научный центр Юго-Востока<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Center of Agriculture Research of the South-East Region<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт защиты растений<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>186</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>218</fpage><lpage>230</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дружин А.Е., Сибикеев С.Н., Гультяева Е.И., Фитилева З.Е., Андреева Л.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дружин А.Е., Сибикеев С.Н., Гультяева Е.И., Фитилева З.Е., Андреева Л.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Druzhin A.E., Sibikeev S.N., Gultyaeva E.I., Fitileva Z.E., Andreeva L.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2443">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2443</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Изучение Triticum ispahanicum Heslot (полба исфаханская) для улучшения Triticum aestivum L. актуально и перспективно, так как полба исфаханская редко используется в программах по увеличению генетического разнообразия генофонда мягкой пшеницы.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Изучена линия яровой мягкой пшеницы GEN2021-512, полученная в результате скрещивания сорта ‘Добрыня’ и образца T. ispahanicum var.  ispahanorufum Udachin. Проведены генетические, фенологические, фитопатологические и технологические анализы, выполнявшиеся согласно общепринятым методикам.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Линия GEN2021-512, устойчивая к листовой ржавчине за счет комбинации гена Lr19 и неидентифицированного Lr-гена от T. ispahanicum, превосходит ‘Добрыню’ и T. ispahanicum по продуктивности колоса, длине колоса и массе 1000 зерен. Период «всходы – колошение» на три дня больше, чем у ‘Добрыни’. Продуктивность, качество теста и хлеба на уровне сорта-реципиента ‘Добрыня’, а по содержанию белка и клейковины значимо выше его. Исследование демонстрирует возможность расширения генетической изменчивости мягкой пшеницы за счет использования полбы исфаханской.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В результате комбинации генного материала от T. ispahanicum var.  ispahanorufum и яровой мягкой пшеницы сорта ‘Добрыня’ создана линия GEN2021-512, которая благодаря сочетанию устойчивости к возбудителю листовой ржавчины и высоким показателям качества будет использоваться в селекционно-генетических исследованиях как источник для улучшения сортов яровой мягкой пшеницы.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Studying Triticum ispahanicum Heslot (Ispahan emmer wheat) to improve Triticum aestivum L. is relevant and promising, since Ispahan emmer is rarely used in programs to increase the genetic diversity of the bread wheat gene pool.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. As part of the study, the GEN2021-512 spring bread wheat line was studied. This line was obtained by crossing cv. ‘Dobrynya’ with an accession of T. ispahanicum var. ispahanorufum Udachin. Genetic, phenological, phytopathological and breadmaking analyses were performed using conventional methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The GEN2021-512 line is resistant to leaf rust due to a combination of the Lr19 gene and an unidentified Lr gene from T. ispahanicum and surpasses ‘Dobrynya’ and T. ispahanicum in ear productivity, ear length, and 1000-grain weight. The line’s duration of the period from germination to ear emergence is 3 days longer than that of ‘Dobrynya’. Its grain productivity is at the level of the recipient cultivar, but the line has higher protein and gluten content. Dough and bread quality is not lower than in the recipient cultivar. The study demonstrated that the genetic variability of bread wheat might be expanded through Ispahan emmer.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Combining the genetic material of T. ispahanicum var. ispahanorufum with spring bread wheat cv. ‘Dobrynya’ resulted in the GEN2021-512 line. This line demonstrated a combination of resistance to the leaf rust pathogen and high breadmaking quality. It is promising for breeding and genetic research as a genetic resource to improve spring bread wheat cultivars.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мягкая пшеница</kwd><kwd>полба исфаханская</kwd><kwd>интрогрессия генов</kwd><kwd>устойчивость к болезням</kwd><kwd>хозяйственно полезные признаки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bread wheat</kwd><kwd>Ispahan emmer</kwd><kwd>gene introgression</kwd><kwd>resistance to diseases</kwd><kwd>useful agronomic traits</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания по теме № 1021060407759-2-4.1.6 «Создание и совершенствование системы видов и сортов (гибридов) сельскохозяйственных культур, адаптивных к абиострессорам и устойчивых к основным патогенам, сочетающих высокую потенциальную продуктивность с качеством урожая, с целью снижения экономических рисков в растениеводстве и повышения биоразнообразия в регионе» (FNWF-20220003). Авторы благодарят рецензентов за их вклад в экспертную оценку этой работы.</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The study was performed within the framework of the state task, Project No. 1021060407759-2-4.1.6 “Development and improvement of the system of crop species and cultivars (hybrids) adaptive to abiostressors and resistant to major pathogens, combining high potential productivity with harvest quality, in order to reduce economic risks in crop production and increase biodiversity in the region” (FNWF-2022-0003). The authors thank the reviewers for their contribution to the peer review of this work.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Badaeva E.D., Keilwagen J., Knüpffer H., Waßermann L., Dedkova O.S., Mitrofanova O.P. et al. 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