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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2025-3-140-149</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-2425</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИЗУЧЕНИЕ И ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ РЕСУРСОВ РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>STUDYING AND UTILIZATION OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Селекционная оценка гибридов Olea europaea L.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evaluation of Olea europaea L. hybrids for breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1678-014X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цюпка</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsiupka</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Юрьевич Цюпка, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>298648, Республика Крым, Ялта, Никита, Никитский спуск, 52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergei Yu. Tsiupka, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Senior Researcher</p><p>52 Nikitsky Spusk, Nikita, Yalta 298648, Republic of Crimea</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tsupkanbg@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9929-0946</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Булавин</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bulavin</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Илья Владимирович Булавин, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник, заведующий лабораторией</p><p>298648, Республика Крым, Ялта, Никита, Никитский спуск, 52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Iliya V. Bulavin, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher, Head of a Laboratory</p><p>52 Nikitsky Spusk, Nikita, Yalta 298648, Republic of Crimea</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cellbiolnbs@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5525-0922</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Таран</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Taran</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никита Александрович Таран, инженер-исследователь</p><p>298648, Республика Крым, Ялта, Никита, Никитский спуск, 52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikita A. Taran, Research Engineer</p><p>52 Nikitsky Spusk, Nikita, Yalta 298648, Republic of Crimea</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexhiryanov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4079-2418</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синченко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinchenko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Вячеславовна Синченко, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>298648, Республика Крым, Ялта, Никита, Никитский спуск, 52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia V. Sinchenko, Associate Researcher</p><p>52 Nikitsky Spusk, Nikita, Yalta 298648, Republic of Crimea</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nas.sin4enko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3853-0210</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цюпка</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsiupka</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валентина Анатольевна Цюпка, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник, заведующая лабораторией</p><p>298648, Республика Крым, Ялта, Никита, Никитский спуск, 52</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina A. Tsiupka, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher, Head of a Laboratory</p><p>52 Nikitsky Spusk, Nikita, Yalta 298648, Republic of Crimea</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">valentina.brailko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Никитский ботанический сад – Национальный научный центр Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Nikita Botanical Gardens – National Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>186</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>140</fpage><lpage>149</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Цюпка С.Ю., Булавин И.В., Таран Н.А., Синченко А.В., Цюпка В.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Цюпка С.Ю., Булавин И.В., Таран Н.А., Синченко А.В., Цюпка В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsiupka S.Y., Bulavin I.V., Taran N.A., Sinchenko A.V., Tsiupka V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2425">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2425</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Селекция новых высокоурожайных сортов является одной из наиболее эффективных стратегий повышения производства Olea europaea L. По данным IOC (International Olive Council), мировое выращивание маслины оценивается в 10,9 млн га и имеет тенденцию к увеличению. Повышение спроса на консервированные плоды и оливковое масло стимулирует производителей наращивать объемы производства. Внедрение новых высокопродуктивных сортов O. europaea с высоким содержанием масла в плодах является актуальной задачей.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследования проводились в 2022–2024 гг. на 60 гибридах маслины селекции Никитского ботанического сада. В качестве контроля использовались два промышленных сорта итальянского происхождения – ‘Ascolano’ и ‘Corregiolo’.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Изучены основные хозяйственно-биологические признаки у 60 перспективных гибридов (урожайность, масса плода, содержание масла, соотношение мякоти и косточки, сроки прохождения основных фенофаз и др.). Выявлены значительные вариации хозяйственно ценных признаков у изученных генотипов маслины европейской по массе плода – от 2,2 до 9,5 г, по содержанию масла в плодах – от 16 до 33%, по соотношению мякоти и косточки – от 68 до 92%, по урожайности – от 1,6 до 12,8 т/га. По комплексу экономически значимых признаков наибольший интерес для производственного испытания представляют гибридные формы 35-6/15, 35-5/31, 35-9/5, 35-16/13, которые могут быть использованы для создания отечественного сортимента O. europaea.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Выделены генотипы O. europaea, превосходящие по комплексу хозяйственно ценных признаков коммерческие сорта итальянской селекции ‘Ascolano’ и ‘Corregiolo’. Высокая урожайность, содержание масла в плодах и крупноплодность делает эти гибриды перспективными для использования в селекции и производственного испытания в условиях юга России. По результатам исследований гибридная форма 35-16/13 передана для регистрации в Госреестр сортов и гибридов, допущенных к использованию.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Breeding of new high-yielding cultivars is one of the most effective strategies to increase yields of Olea europaea L. According to the International Olive Council (IOC), the world’s olive cultivation is estimated at 10.9 million hectares and tends to increase. Rising demand for canned fruits and olive oil stimulates producers to increase production. Thus, introduction of new high-yielding cultivars with high oil content in fruits is an urgent task.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Studies were conducted on 60-year-old trees planted at a distance of 5 × 5 m from each other, with a planting density of 400 trees per ha–1 and southern exposure of the slope. The experiment was conducted in 2022–2024 on the leaves of 60 olive hybrids developed at the Nikita Botanical Gardens. Two commercial Italian cultivars, ‘Ascolano’ and ‘Corregiolo’, were used as a control.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Main agronomic and biological traits of 60 promising hybrids were studied (yield, fruit weight, oil content, pulp/stone ratio, timing of the main phenophases, etc.).</p><p>Significant variations of useful agronomic characters, such as fruit weight (from 2.2 to 9.5 g), fruit oil content (from 16 to 33%), pulp to stone ratio (from 68 to 92%), and yield (from 1.6 to 12.8 t/ha), were revealed in the studied genotypes of European olives. Based on a set of important agronomic characteristics, hybrid forms most interesting for production testing were identified: 35-6/15, 35-5/31, 35-9/5, and 35-16/13. They can be used to produce a domestic assortment of O. europaea.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. O. europaea hybrid genotypes were selected that surpassed cvs. ‘Ascolano’ and ‘Corregiolo’ in a set of important agronomic traits. Good yields, large fruits, and high oil content make these hybrids promising for use in breeding and production trials in the south of Russia.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>маслина</kwd><kwd>урожайность</kwd><kwd>содержание масла</kwd><kwd>размер плодов</kwd><kwd>сорт</kwd><kwd>гибрид</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>olive</kwd><kwd>yield</kwd><kwd>oil content</kwd><kwd>fruit size</kwd><kwd>cultivar</kwd><kwd>hybrid</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет средств гранта Российского научного фонда № 24-26-00066 (https://rscf.ru/project/24-26-00066/) на базе Уникальной научной установки «ФИТОБИОГЕН» и ЦКП «Физиолого-биохимические методы исследования растительных объектов». Авторы благодарят рецензентов за их вклад в экспертную оценку этой работы.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported from the funds allotted by the Russian Science Foundation, Grant No. 24-26-00066 (https://rscf.ru/project/24-26-00066/), and performed on the equipment of the FITOBIOGEN Unique Research Facility and the Collective Use Center “Physiological and Biochemical Methods of Plant Research”. The authors thank the reviewers for their contribution to the peer review of this work.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anagnostopoulos C., Vidali E., Zacharia E., Dris S. Evaluation of terminal residues in olives and olive oil following a targeted large-scale plant protection application strategy in Southern Greece. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. 2025;140:107210. 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