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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2025-3-92-101</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-2418</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИЗУЧЕНИЕ И ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ РЕСУРСОВ РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>STUDYING AND UTILIZATION OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изменчивость параметров цвета зерна местных сортов кукурузы Азербайджана</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Variability of grain color parameters among local maize cultivars in Azerbaijan</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7456-0527</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамедова</surname><given-names>Х. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mammadova</surname><given-names>H. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Халима Рафиз-кызы Мамедова, директор лаборатории</p><p>AZ1098, Баку, пос. Пиршаги, совхоз № 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Halima R. Mammadova, Director of a Laboratory</p><p>Sovkhoz No. 2, Pirshagi Settlem., Baku AZ1098</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">helime0101@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5713-2328</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хатефов</surname><given-names>Э. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khatefov</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эдуард Балилович Хатефов, доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>190000, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Eduard B. Khatefov, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">haed1967@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4165-6631</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Экинджи</surname><given-names>Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ekinci</surname><given-names>R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ремзи Экинджи, доктор философии, доцент</p><p>21280, Диярбакыр</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Remzi Ekinci, PhD, Associate Professor</p><p>Diyarbakir 21280</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">remzi.ekinci@dicle.edu.tr</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт земледелия<country>Азербайджан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Crop Husbandry<country>Azerbaijan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Университет Диджле<country>Турция</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Dicle University<country>Turkey</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>186</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>92</fpage><lpage>101</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мамедова Х.Р., Хатефов Э.Б., Экинджи Р., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мамедова Х.Р., Хатефов Э.Б., Экинджи Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mammadova H.R., Khatefov E.B., Ekinci R.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2418">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2418</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Окраска пигментами алейрона и перикарпия зерновки кукурузы определяется содержанием в них антоцианов, каротиноидов, токоферолов и их различным сочетанием, что определяет как нутрицевтические, так и красящие свойства. Поиск источников натуральных красителей для замещения синтетических набирает популярность, способствуя развитию селекции гибридной кукурузы для производства продуктов питания и красителей.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. На основе комплексного исследования в зародышевой плазме Азербайджана собрали 112 различных образцов кукурузы и оценили их по признаку цвета зерновки. Исследование проводилось в 5 блоках в 2 агроклиматических зонах (Загатала в 2013 г. и Баку в 2014 г.). Изучали параметры цветовой гаммы зерна в системе CIELAB в координате яркости (L* = 0 обозначает темный, L* = 100 – яркий): a* – координата красного/зеленого (+a* обозначает красный, –a* – зеленый), b* – координата желтого/синего (+b* обозначает желтый, –b* – синий), а также угол оттенка и цвет в плоскости a*b*.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При исследовании отобранных образцов по признаку «цвет зерна» выявлено 5 кластеров, характеризующихся большим разнообразием окраски зерновки. Варьирование в выборке интенсивности цвета находится в пределах 42,36–66,49, значения красного/зеленого – 5,32–15,93, значения синего/желтого – 18,07–44,40, значения цвета в плоскости a*b* – 18,98–46,12, значение угла оттенка – 62,50–80,14. Ранжирование цветности по 5 кластерам показало, что 96 сосредоточены в 1-м кластере со значением яркости цвета 58,16, значением а* (красный/зеленый) 10,45 и значением b* (синий/желтый) 32,82. Значение цвета в плоскости a*b* составило 34,48, а оттенка в плоскости a*b* – 72,41. Выявлены некоторые корреляции между окраской зерна, морфометрическими признаками и биохимическим составом зерновки.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Коллекция образцов местных сортов кукурузы Азербайджана обладает широким разнообразием для инбредирования линий с различной окраской зерна с целью их вовлечения в гибридную селекцию кукурузы.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Aleurone and pericarp pigments in maize grain are regulated by the content of anthocyanins, carotenoids, tocopherols, and their various combinations, which determines their nutraceutical and coloring properties. Searching for sources of natural dyes to replace synthetic ones becomes increasingly popular and contributes to the development of hybrid maize breeding for food and dye production.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A comprehensive study of Azerbaijani germplasm was used to select 112 diverse maize accessions and evaluate them for grain color. There were 5 blocks of study, conducted in two agroclimatic zones (Zaqatala in 2013, and Baku in 2014). The grain color gamut parameters were analyzed in the CIELAB system using the luminance coordinates (L* = 0 for dark, and L* = 100 for bright). The a* coordinate denoted red/green, with +a* for red, and –a* for green, and the b* coordinate denoted yellow/blue, with +b* for yellow, and –b* for blue. The hue angle and color in the a*b* plane were also measured.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Five clusters with a wide grain color diversity were identified during the study of local maize accessions. The color intensity variation in the studied set was within the range of 42.36–66.49, the red/green values within 5.32–15.93, the blue/yellow values within 18.07–44.40, the color values in the a*b* plane within 18.98–46.12, and the hue angle values within 62.50–80.14. The ranking of colors into 5 clusters showed that 96 were concentrated in the 1st cluster, with the color brightness value of 58.16, the red/green value (a*) of 10.45, and the blue/yellow value (b*) of 32.82. Besides, the color value in the a*b* plane was 34.48, and the hue in the a*b* plane was 72.41. Some correlations were found between grain color and morphometric characters, and grain biochemistry.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The Azerbaijani local maize collection exhibits a wide diversity for the inbreeding of lines with various grain colors, promising for hybrid maize breeding.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Zea mays L.</kwd><kwd>кластеризация</kwd><kwd>разнообразие</kwd><kwd>цветовая система CIELAB</kwd><kwd>гибридная селекция кукурузы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Zea mays L.</kwd><kwd>clustering</kwd><kwd>diversity</kwd><kwd>CIELAB color system</kwd><kwd>hybrid maize breeding</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование проведено в рамках диссертационной работы Х. Р. Мамедовой «Cелекционно-генетическая паспортизация перспективных по хозяйственно ценным признакам сортов и линий кукурузы, адаптированных к условиям Азербайджана»; исследования выполнены в рамках тематического плана ВИР по проекту FGEM-2023-0003 «Создание новых селекционных форм кукурузы с использованием методов биотехнологии» в части оценки качества исходного семенного материала в России, а также FGEM-2022-0009 «Структурирование и раскрытие потенциала наследственной изменчивости мировой коллекции зерновых и крупяных культур ВИР для развития оптимизированного генбанка и рационального использования в селекции и растениеводстве» в части размножения и сохранения селекционного материала кукурузы. Авторы благодарят рецензентов за их вклад в экспертную оценку этой работы.</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>Tthis study was produced from Halima R. Mammadova’s PhD thesis on “Selection and genetic certification of promising varieties and lines of corn with economically valuable characteristics, adapted to the conditions of Azerbaijan”; the studies were conducted within the framework of the theme plan of VIR, Project No. FGEM-2023-0003 “Developing new breeding forms of maize with biotechnology methods”, in the context of assessing the quality of seed source material in Russia, and Project No. FGEM-2022-0009 “Structuring and disclosing the potential of hereditary variation in the global collection of cereal and groat crops at VIR for the development of an optimized genebank and its sustainable utilization in plant breeding and crop production”, in the context of reproduction and conservation of the breeding material of maize. 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