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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2026-2-o1</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-2394</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Модификационная изменчивость содержания основных жирных кислот в семенах высокостеариновых линий подсолнечника в различных условиях выращивания</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Phenotypic plasticity of essential fatty acid content in seeds of high-stearic sunflower lines under different growing conditions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7421-4800</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чебанова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chebanova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Владимировна Чебанова, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>350038 Россия, Краснодар, ул. им. Филатова, 17</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia V. Chebanova, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher</p><p>17 Filatova St., Krasnodar 350038, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aqvablue@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3903-020X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демурин</surname><given-names>Я. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demurin</surname><given-names>Ya. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яков Николаевич Демурин, доктор биологических наук, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>350038 Россия, Краснодар, ул. им. Филатова, 17</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yakov N. Demurin, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Chief Researcher</p><p>17 Filatova St., Krasnodar 350038, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">genetic@vniimk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-3837</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киров</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Илья Владимирович Киров, доктор биологических наук, заведующий лабораторией</p><p>127550 Россия, Москва, Тимирязевская, 42</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya V. Kirov, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Head of a Laboratory</p><p>42 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow 127550, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kirovez@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт масличных культур имени В.С. Пустовойта</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.S. Pustovoit All-Russia Research institute of Oil Crops</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт сельскохозяйственной биотехнологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russia Research institute of Agricultural Biotechnology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>187</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>148</fpage><lpage>157</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чебанова Ю.В., Демурин Я.Н., Киров И.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чебанова Ю.В., Демурин Я.Н., Киров И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chebanova Y.V., Demurin Y.N., Kirov I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2394">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2394</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Высокостеариновый подсолнечник рассматривается как альтернатива импортируемому пальмовому маслу при производстве твердых растительных жиров в пищевой промышленности. Целью исследований стало изучение фенотипической изменчивости состава основных жирных кислот в семенах отечественных линий ЛГ34, ЛГ36 и ЛГ37 с высоким содержанием стеариновой и олеиновой жирных кислот в различных экологических условиях выращивания, включая камеру гидропоники.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследовании использовали высокостеариновые высокоолеиновые линии генетической коллекции подсолнечника Всероссийского научно-исследовательского института масличных культур имени В.С. Пустовойта: ЛГ34, ЛГ36 и ЛГ37. Линии выращивали в полевых условиях в 2023 и 2024 г., а также в двух сезонах камеры гидропоники в 2024 и 2025 г. С использованием метода газожидкостной хроматографии определяли состав основных жирных кислот в масле 10 отдельных семянок изучаемых образцов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. У изученных линий содержание стеариновой кислоты увеличилось на 10,2–12,1%, а олеиновой кислоты снизилось на 16,6–16,8% в условиях камеры гидропоники по отношению к полевым условиям. Уровень пальмитиновой кислоты был более стабильным, и изменчивость не имела подобной закономерности. С использованием ANOVA выявлено достоверное влияние условий года на уровень всех основных жирных кислот. Наиболее высокая доля влияния условий установлена для стеариновой и олеиновой кислот: 85 и 67% соответственно. Для признака содержания стеариновой кислоты обнаружена сильная отрицательная корреляция с максимальной и среднесуточной температурой воздуха (r = –0,94 и r = –0,85), тогда как с минимальной температурой отмечена положительная связь (r = 0,86).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Установлено значительное модификационное увеличение содержания стеариновой и снижение олеиновой кислот в масле семян высокостеариновых линий подсолнечника при выращивании в условиях камеры гидропоники по отношению к полевым условиям.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. High-stearic sunflower is seen as an alternative to imported palm oil in the industrial production of solid vegetable fats. Wide phenotypic variability of fatty acid content in sunflower seeds under the influence of various growing conditions was described. In mutant high-stearic lines CAS-4 and CAS-8, a negative relationship between temperature and stearic acid content was observed. The objective was to study the phenotypic variability of essential fatty acid composition in the seeds of lines LG34, LG36 and LG37 with high content of stearic and oleic fatty acids under various environmental conditions and a hydroponic system.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study employed high-stearic and high-oleic lines LG34, LG36 and LG37 from the sunflower genetic collection of the Pustovoit Institute. They were grown in the field in 2023 and 2024, as well as in a hydroponic growth chamber for two seasons (2024 and 2025). Gas–liquid chromatography was used to analyze the composition of essential fatty acids in the oil of 10 individual achenes of the studied samples.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Stearic acid content in the studied lines increased by 10.2–12.1%, and oleic acid content decreased by 16.6–16.8% in the hydroponic system, when compared to the field conditions. The level of palmitic acid was more stable, and its variability did not show such a pattern. ANOVA helped to reveal a significant effect of the year’s conditions on the level of all essential fatty acids. The highest share of the environmental effect was recorded for stearic and oleic acids: 85% and 67%, respectively. For stearic acid content, a strong negative correlation was found with the maximum and mean daily air temperatures (r = –0.94 and r = –0.85), and a strong positive one with the minimum temperature (r = 0.86).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. An increase in stearic acid content and a decrease in oleic acid content in the oil of the seeds of high-stearic sunflower lines LG34, LG36, and LG37 was established for the hydroponic conditions.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>жирная кислота</kwd><kwd>мутация</kwd><kwd>фенотипическая изменчивость</kwd><kwd>стеариновая кислота</kwd><kwd>гидропоника</kwd><kwd>температура</kwd><kwd>корреляция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>fatty acid</kwd><kwd>mutation</kwd><kwd>phenotypic variability</kwd><kwd>stearic acid</kwd><kwd>hydroponics</kwd><kwd>temperature</kwd><kwd>correlation</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке проекта 082-3-2023-0005 в части проведения опытов в условиях камеры гидропоники и гранта РНФ № 22-64-00076 в части изучения жирнокислотного состава семян.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">this research was funded by Project #082-3-2023-0005 for hydroponic growth chamber experiments and by the Russian Science Foundation (Grant No. 22-64-00076) for studying the fatty acid composition of seeds.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alberio C., Izquierdo N.G., Galella T., Zuil S., Reid R., Zambelli A. 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