<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2026-2-o11</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-2384</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИЗУЧЕНИЕ И ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ РЕСУРСОВ РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>STUDYING AND UTILIZATION OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Технологическая оценка качества муки диплоидных и тетраплоидных образцов кукурузы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Technological assessment of the quality of flour from diploid and tetraploid maize accessions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8870-121X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кибкало</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kibkalo</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Илья Анатольевич Кибкало, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, старший научный сотрудник, ВИР</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya A. Kibkalo, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Senior Researcher, VIR</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kibk@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5713-2328</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хатефов</surname><given-names>Э. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khatefov</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эдуард Балилович Хатефов, доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, ВИР</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Eduard B. Khatefov, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher, VIR</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">haed1967@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>187</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>69</fpage><lpage>82</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кибкало И.А., Хатефов Э.Б., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кибкало И.А., Хатефов Э.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kibkalo I.A., Khatefov E.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2384">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2384</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Согласно отчету Обсерватории экономической сложности (ОЭС) за 2023 г., мировой рынок кукурузной муки за последние пять лет растет с каждым годом на 5,85%. Положительная динамика обусловлена возросшей популярностью безглютеновых продуктов и инновационными достижениями в технологиях выращивания и переработки кукурузы.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Объектом исследования послужили 10 образцов кукурузы шести подвидов с диплоидным и тетраплоидным геномом из коллекции ВИР. Для изучения влияния кукурузного компонента на технологические свойства пшеничной муки при совместной переработке зерна кукурузы и пшеницы были подобраны образцы мягкой пшеницы как среднего, так и низкого качества. Технологические свойства белкового комплекса зерна кукурузы оценивали методом седиментационного анализа. Состояние углеводного комплекса определяли по числу падения на микро-виско-амилографе фирмы Brabender. Биохимический состав зерна кукурузы определяли на ближнем инфракрасном анализаторе (БИК-анализаторе) SupNIR-2750 (Китай). Статистическая обработка данных выполнена с использованием программного обеспечения Statistica 10.0 от StatSoft Russia.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлены различия между образцами разных подвидов кукурузы по гранулометрическому составу, потенциалу набухания частиц муки, термодинамике крахмала, степени и характеру воздействия на пшеничный компонент при совместной переработке на уровне реологии клейковины, теста и клейстера, а также хлебной выпечки. Показано укрепление белкового комплекса и подавление ферментативных процессов. Выявлена улучшающая способность образцов восковидной кукурузы при совместной переработке с пшеницей на качество теста, дана оценка образцам мукомольного, крупяного и кормового направления. Наиболее инертны при совместной переработке с пшеницей образцы сахарной кукурузы.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Выявленные различия у изученных образцов по технологическим свойствам и внутри технологических групп позволяют вести селекционный отбор по этим признакам.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. According to the 2023 report of the Observatory of Economic Complexity (OEC), the global maize flour market has been growing by 5.85% annually over the past five years. This positive trend is driven by the increased popularity of gluten-free products and innovative advances in maize cultivation and processing technologies.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Ten accessions of six maize subspecies with diploid and tetraploid genomes from the VIR collection were analyzed. Bread wheat accessions with medium and poor flour quality were selected to assess the effect of the maize component on the technological properties of composite flour. Sedimentation analysis was used to evaluate technological properties of the grain protein complex in maize. The carbohydrate complex was determined by the falling number using a Brabender Micro Visco-Amylo-Graph. Biochemical composition of maize grain was quantified with a SupNIR-2750 analyzer (China). Statistical data processing was performed using Statistica 10.0 software from StatSoft Russia (2023).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The studied maize subspecies manifested differences in particle size distribution, swelling potential of flour particles, starch thermodynamics, the degree and nature of the impact on the wheat component during combined processing at the level of the rheology of gluten, dough and paste, as well as bread baking. Strengthening of the protein complex and suppression of enzymatic processes were shown. Waxy maize was found to have an improving effect on the composite wheat-maize dough. Promising accessions were also identified for flour, cereal and feed uses. Sweet maize accessions were the most inert during combined processing with wheat grain.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The differences in technological properties, revealed among the tested accessions and within technological groups, make it possible to perform selection breeding for these properties.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кукурузная мука</kwd><kwd>пшеничная мука</kwd><kwd>хлеб</kwd><kwd>технологическая оценка</kwd><kwd>диплоид</kwd><kwd>тетраплоид</kwd><kwd>зеин</kwd><kwd>глютен</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>maize flour</kwd><kwd>wheat flour</kwd><kwd>bread</kwd><kwd>technological assessment</kwd><kwd>diploid</kwd><kwd>tetraploid</kwd><kwd>zein</kwd><kwd>gluten</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">№ FGEM-2022-0009 «Структурирование и раскрытие потенциала наследственной изменчивости мировой коллекции зерновых и крупяных культур ВИР для развития оптимизированного генбанка и рационального использования в селекции и растениеводстве».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the work was carried out within the framework of the state task, Project No. FGEM-2022-0009 “Structuring and disclosing the potential of hereditary variation in the global collection of cereal and groat crops at VIR for the development of an optimized genebank and its sustainable utilization in plant breeding and crop production”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">An N.N., Li D., Wang L.J., Wang Y. Microwave irradiation of corn kernels: Effects on structural, thermal, functional and rheological properties of corn flour. Food Hydrocolloids. 2023;143:108939. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108939</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">An N.N., Li D., Wang L.J., Wang Y. Microwave irradiation of corn kernels: Effects on structural, thermal, functional and rheological properties of corn flour. Food Hydrocolloids. 2023;143:108939. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108939</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arendt E.K., Dal Bello F. Functional cereal products for those with gluten intolerance. In: B.R. Hamaker (ed.). Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science, Technology and Nutrition. Technology of Functional Cereal Products. Sawston: Woodhead Publishing; 2008. p.446-475. DOI: 10.1533/9781845693886.2.446</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arendt E.K., Dal Bello F. Functional cereal products for those with gluten intolerance. In: B.R. Hamaker (ed.). Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science, Technology and Nutrition. Technology of Functional Cereal Products. Sawston: Woodhead Publishing; 2008. p.446-475. DOI: 10.1533/9781845693886.2.446</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Caballero-Rothar N.N., Borrás L., Gerde J.A. Physical and chemical kernel traits affect starch digestibility and glycemic index of cooked maize flours. Food Chemistry. 2022;369;130953. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130953</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Caballero-Rothar N.N., Borrás L., Gerde J.A. Physical and chemical kernel traits affect starch digestibility and glycemic index of cooked maize flours. Food Chemistry. 2022;369;130953. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130953</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Alcântara R.G., de Carvalho R.A., Vanin F.M. Evaluation of wheat flour substitution type (corn, green banana and rice flour) and concentration on local dough properties during bread baking. Food Chemistry. 2020;326:126972. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126972</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Alcântara R.G., de Carvalho R.A., Vanin F.M. Evaluation of wheat flour substitution type (corn, green banana and rice flour) and concentration on local dough properties during bread baking. Food Chemistry. 2020;326:126972. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126972</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferreira M.P.K., Ribeiro V.A.G, Barros J.H.T., Steel C.J. Strategies to improve the quality of wheat flour in baking: a review. Brazilian Journal of Food Technology. 2025;28:e2024046. DOI: 10.1590/1981-6723.04624</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ferreira M.P.K., Ribeiro V.A.G, Barros J.H.T., Steel C.J. Strategies to improve the quality of wheat flour in baking: a review. Brazilian Journal of Food Technology. 2025;28:e2024046. DOI: 10.1590/1981-6723.04624</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gu Y., Cheng L., Li C., Li Z., Gu Z., Hong Y. Effects of wheat flour substitution with high-amylose corn flour on the quality of dough and Chinese steamed bread. Starch. 2023;75(11-12):2300088. DOI: 10.1002/STAR.202300088</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gu Y., Cheng L., Li C., Li Z., Gu Z., Hong Y. Effects of wheat flour substitution with high-amylose corn flour on the quality of dough and Chinese steamed bread. Starch. 2023;75(11-12):2300088. DOI: 10.1002/STAR.202300088</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guadarrama-Lezama A.Y., Carrillo-Navas H., Vernon-Carter E.J., Alvarez-Ramirez J. Rheological and thermal properties of dough and textural and microstructural features of bread obtained from nixtamalized corn/wheat flour blends. Journal of Cereal Science. 2016;69:158-165. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2016.03.011</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guadarrama-Lezama A.Y., Carrillo-Navas H., Vernon-Carter E.J., Alvarez-Ramirez J. Rheological and thermal properties of dough and textural and microstructural features of bread obtained from nixtamalized corn/wheat flour blends. Journal of Cereal Science. 2016;69:158-165. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2016.03.011</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Holding D.R, Larkins B.A. Zein storage proteins. In: A.L. Kriz, B.A. Larkins (eds). Molecular Genetic Approaches to Maize Improvement. Berlin: Springer; 2009. p.269-286. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-68922-5_19</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Holding D.R, Larkins B.A. Zein storage proteins. In: A.L. Kriz, B.A. Larkins (eds). Molecular Genetic Approaches to Maize Improvement. Berlin: Springer; 2009. p.269-286. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-68922-5_19</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khrapko O.P., Sokol N.V., Sanzharovskaya N.S. Using high-lysine corn flour in the bread-making process. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2022;1052:012014. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/1052/1/012014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khrapko O.P., Sokol N.V., Sanzharovskaya N.S. Using high-lysine corn flour in the bread-making process. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2022;1052:012014. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/1052/1/012014</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kibkalo I. Effectiveness of and perspectives for the sedimentation analysis method in grain quality evaluation in various cereal crops for breeding purposes. Plants (Basel). 2022;11(13):1640. DOI: 10.3390/plants11131640</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kibkalo I. Effectiveness of and perspectives for the sedimentation analysis method in grain quality evaluation in various cereal crops for breeding purposes. Plants (Basel). 2022;11(13):1640. DOI: 10.3390/plants11131640</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кибкало И.А., Лоскутов И.Г., Войцуцкая Н.П., Соловьева М.В., Обухова Н.С., Блинова Е.В. Разработка методических подходов к оценке технологических свойств зерна овса. Биотехнология и селекция растений. 2024;7(2):6-15. DOI: 10.30901/2658-6266-2024-2-o2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kibkalo I.A., Loskutov I.G., Voitsutskaya N.P., Solovyova M.V., Obukhova N.S., Blinova E.V. Development of methodological approaches to assessing the technological properties of oat grain. Plant Biotechnology and Breeding. 2024;7(2):6-15. [in Russian]. DOI: 10.30901/2658-6266-2024-2-o2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кибкало И.А., Жук Е.А. Технологические свойства углеводного комплекса зерна кукурузы в зависимости от сорта. Основы и перспективы органических биотехнологий. 2022;(3):15-19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kibkalo I.A., Zhuk E.A. Technological properties of the carbohydrate complex of corn grain depending on the variety. Osnovy i perspektivt organicheskikh tekhnologiy = Fundamentals and Perspectives of Organic Biotechnology. 2022;(3):15-19. [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сотченко В.С. Селекция, семеноводство, технология возделывания кукурузы. Пятигорск; 2009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sotchenko V.S. Maize breeding, seed production, and cultivation technology (Selektsiya, semenovodstvo, tekhnologiya vozdelyvaniya kukuruzy). Pyatigorsk; 2009. [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">StatSoft Russia: [website]. Available from: https://1soft.space/en/statsoft-statisica [accessed Jul. 11, 2023].</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">StatSoft Russia: [website]. Available from: https://1soft.space/en/statsoft-statisica [accessed Jul. 11, 2023].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vásquez F., Verdú S., Islas A.R., Barat J.M., Grau R. Effect of low degrees of substitution in wheat flour with sorghum, oat or corn flours on physicochemical properties of composite flours. Cogent Food and Agriculture. 2016;2(1):1269979. DOI: 10.1080/23311932.2016.1269979</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vásquez F., Verdú S., Islas A.R., Barat J.M., Grau R. Effect of low degrees of substitution in wheat flour with sorghum, oat or corn flours on physicochemical properties of composite flours. Cogent Food and Agriculture. 2016;2(1):1269979. DOI: 10.1080/23311932.2016.1269979</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu Y., Messing J. Proteome balancing of the maize seed for higher nutritional value. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2014;5:240. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00240</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu Y., Messing J. Proteome balancing of the maize seed for higher nutritional value. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2014;5:240. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00240</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
