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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2025-4-226-233</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-2378</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИММУНИТЕТ КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>IMMUNITY OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Образцы ячменя из коллекции генетических ресурсов растений ВИР, устойчивые к комплексу листовых болезней</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Barley accessions resistant to a complex of leaf diseases from the VIR collection of plant genetic resources</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3696-2610</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галина Владимировна Волкова, доктор биологических наук, член-корреспондент РАН, главный научный сотрудник, руководитель лаборатории</p><p>350039 Россия, Краснодар, ул. им. Калинина, 62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina V. Volkova, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Corresponding Member of the RAS, Chief Researcher, Head of a Laboratory</p><p>62 Kalinina St., Krasnodar 350039, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galvol.bpp@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6009-9757</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данилова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Валерьевна Данилова, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>350039 Россия, Краснодар, ул. им. Калинина, 62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia V. Danilova, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher</p><p>62 Kalinina St., Krasnodar 350039, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">starlight001@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3410-7928</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яхник</surname><given-names>Я. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakhnik</surname><given-names>Ya. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яна Викторовна Яхник, научный сотрудник</p><p>350039 Россия, Краснодар, ул. им. Калинина, 62</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yana V. Yakhnik, Researcher</p><p>62 Kalinina St., Krasnodar 350039, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yahnik1@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9250-7225</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лоскутов</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Loskutov</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игорь Градиславович Лоскутов, доктор биологических наук, доцент, главный научный сотрудник, заведующий отделом,  ВИР</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor G. Loskutov, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor, Chief Researcher, Head of a Department</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.loskutov@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный центр биологической защиты растений</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center of Biological Plant Protection</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>186</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>226</fpage><lpage>233</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Волкова Г.В., Данилова А.В., Яхник Я.В., Лоскутов И.Г., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Волкова Г.В., Данилова А.В., Яхник Я.В., Лоскутов И.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Volkova G.V., Danilova A.V., Yakhnik Y.V., Loskutov I.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2378">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2378</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Ячмень (Hordeum vulgare L.) является универсальной зерновой культурой, устойчивой к неблагоприятным условиям и обладающей широкой адаптивностью. Сорта ячменя, выращиваемые в Краснодарском крае, характеризуются высокой урожайностью и хорошим качеством зерна. Основной причиной снижения данных показателей является комплекс доминантов листовых болезней региона: карликовая ржавчина (Puccinia hordei G.H. Otth), сетчатая пятнистость (Pyrenophora teres Drechsler) и темно-бурая пятнистость (Bipolaris sorokiniana Shoemaker). Цель исследования – поиск источников устойчивости к возбудителям наиболее актуальных листовых заболеваний на юге России среди образцов дикого ячменя (H. vulgare subsp. spontaneum и H. bulbosum L.) из коллекции Всероссийского института генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова (ВИР).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Объектом исследования послужили 73 образца дикого ячменя из коллекции генетических ресурсов растений ВИР. Изучение проведено в 2020–2023 гг. в условиях полевого стационара на искусственном инфекционном фоне Федерального научного центра биологической защиты растений в соответствии с методическими указаниями ВИР.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и выводы</title><p>Результаты и выводы. В результате многолетних исследований выявлено 11 образцов, проявивших устойчивость к карликовой ржавчине, 58 – к сетчатой пятнистости листьев, 20 – к темно-бурой пятнистости листьев. Выделено 15 образцов, устойчивых к двум патогенам, и 7 образцов, устойчивых к трем патогенам. Выявленные источники устойчивости представляют практический интерес при создании устойчивых сортов ячменя, в том числе с групповой устойчивостью к нескольким патогенам.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a universal cereal crop with resistance to adverse conditions and broad adaptability. Its cultivars grown in Krasnodar Territory demonstrate high yields and good grain quality. The main factor causing a decrease in these indicators is the complex of leaf diseases dominating in the region: brown rust (Puccinia hordei G.H. Otth), net blotch (Pyrenophora teres Drechsler), and spot blotch (Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc.) Shoemaker). The objective of the study was to search for sources of resistance to the pathogens of the most relevant leaf diseases in the south of Russia among wild barley (H. vulgare subsp. spontaneum, and H. bulbosum L.) accessions from the collection of the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The materials for the study were 73 wild barley accessions from the VIR collection. The study was conducted in 2020–2023 under artificial infection conditions in the field nursery of the Federal Research Center of Biological Plant Protection in accordance with VIR’s guidelines.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and conclusions</title><p>Results and conclusions. Several years of studying resulted in identification of 11 accessions with resistance to dwarf rust, 58 to net blotch, and 20 to spot blotch. Fifteen accessions manifested resistance to two pathogens, and seven to all three pathogens. The identified sources of resistance are of practical interest for breeders involved in the development of resistant barley cultivars, including those with group resistance to several pathogens.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Hordeum vulgare</kwd><kwd>Hordeum spontaneum</kwd><kwd>Hordeum bulbosum</kwd><kwd>Puccinia hordei</kwd><kwd>Pyrenophora teres</kwd><kwd>Bipolaris sorokiniana</kwd><kwd>источники устойчивости</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Hordeum vulgare</kwd><kwd>Hordeum spontaneum</kwd><kwd>Hordeum bulbosum</kwd><kwd>Puccinia hordei</kwd><kwd>Pyrenophora teres</kwd><kwd>Bipolaris sorokiniana</kwd><kwd>resistance sources</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено в рамках государственного задания Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ Федеральному научному центру биологической защиты растений по теме № FGRN-2025-0002 «Разработка приемов оптимизации фитосанитарного состояния посевов зерновых культур на основе мониторинга внутрипопуляционной структуры опасных патогенов, сортовой устойчивости и научно-обоснованного применения индукторов болезнеустойчивости» и ВИР по теме № FGEM-2022-0009 «Структурирование и раскрытие потенциала наследственной изменчивости мировой коллекции зерновых и крупяных культур ВИР для развития оптимизированного генбанка и рационального использования в селекции и растениеводстве».  Авторы благодарят рецензентов за их вклад в экспертную оценку этой работы.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was conducted in the framework with the state task assigned by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation to the Federal Research Center of Biological Plant Protection, Project No FGRN-2025-0002 “Development of methods for optimizing the phytosanitary status of cereal crops, based on monitoring the intrapopulation structure of dangerous pathogens, varietal resistance, and scientifically justified use of disease resistance inducers”, and to VIR,  Project No. FGEM-2022-0009 “Structuring and disclosing the potential of hereditary variation in the global collection of cereal and groat crops at VIR for the development of an optimized genebank and its sustainable utilization in plant breeding and crop production”.  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