vir-nwТруды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекцииProceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding2227-88342619-0982N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources10.30901/2227-8834-2026-1-o20vir-nw-2360Research ArticleИЗУЧЕНИЕ И ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ РЕСУРСОВ РАСТЕНИЙSTUDYING AND UTILIZATION OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCESИзменение элементного состава растений подсолнечника при воздействии засухи и тяжелых металловChanges in the element composition of sunflower plants under the effect of drought and heavy metalshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5323-4965ФедороваД. Г.FedorovaD. G.

Дарья Геннадьевна Федорова, кандидат биологических наук, директор ботанического сада

460018 Россия, Оренбург, пр. Победы, 13

Darya G. Fedorova, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Director of the Botanical Garden

13 Pobedy Ave., Orenburg 460018, Russia

daryaorlova24@rambler.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7449-0378НазароваН. М.NazarovaN. M.

Наталья Михайловна Назарова, кандидат биологических наук, руководитель научной группы

460018 Россия, Оренбург, пр. Победы, 13

Natalia M. Nazarova, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Head of a Scientific Team

13 Pobedy Ave., Orenburg 460018, Russia

Nazarova-1989@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1407-441XУкеновБ. С.UkenovB. S.

Булат Сирикбаевич Укенов, кандидат биологических наук, доцент

460018 Россия, Оренбург, пр. Победы, 13

Bulat S. Ukenov, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor

13 Pobedy Ave., Orenburg 460018, Russia

89198660945@mail.ruОренбургский государственный университетРоссияOrenburg State UniversityRussian Federation20263003202618714961Copyright © Федорова Д.Г., Назарова Н.М., Укенов Б.С., 20262026Федорова Д.Г., Назарова Н.М., Укенов Б.С.Fedorova D.G., Nazarova N.M., Ukenov B.S.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2360Актуальность

Актуальность. Исследование имеет особое значение ввиду усиливающихся темпов мировой аридизации климата, негативно влияющей в совокупности с антропогенным воздействием на сельское хозяйство. Статья посвящена исследованию изменения элементного состава растений подсолнечника ‘Посейдон 625’ на фоне вариабельности фотосинтетической системы при воздействии комбинированного стресса (влияние тяжелых металлов и засухи). Материалы и методы. Эксперимент проводили над группой контрольных образцов, выращенных при влиянии только засушливых условий, и двумя экспериментальными группами, подвергаемых дополнительному воздействию тяжелых металлов: кадмий (Сd) (концентрации: 0,384 мг/кг, 0,768 мг/кг, 1,536 мг/кг) и свинец (Pb) (концентрации: 13,04 мг/кг, 26,08 мг/кг, 52,16 мг/кг). Анализ элементного состава опытных и контрольных образцов осуществляли методом оптико-эмиссионной спектрометрии с индуктивно связанной плазмой (ICP-MS) с использованием Agilent 7900 ICP-MS (Agilent Technologies, США). Результаты. Сформирована база данных содержания 24 элементов в растении подсолнечника (корень, побег, семя) и в почве. Установлено значимое увеличение поглощения P, K, Сa, Mg, Fe и B растениями подсолнечника при воздействии комбинированного стресса. Отмечено значительное увеличение (в 4 раза) содержания кадмия в конечной продукции. Однако, несмотря на повышение содержания свинца в корнях и побегах подсолнечника, в его семенах превышений контрольных показателей выявлено не было.

Заключение

Заключение. Установлено отрицательное действие Cd и Pb на растения подсолнечника, которое проявляется в негативном изменении элементного состава биомассы и семенного материала.

Background

Background. The study is of particular importance due to the increasing pace of global climate aridification, which negatively affects agriculture in combination with anthropogenic impact. This is a case study of changes in the element composition of ‘Poseidon 625’ sunflower plants in the context of their photosynthetic system variability under the effect of combined stressors (heavy metals, and drought).

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. The experiment involved a set of control samples grown under the impact of arid conditions only, and two experimental groups additionally exposed to heavy metals: Cd (conc. 0.384 mg/kg, 0.768 mg/kg, and 1.536 mg/kg) and Pb (conc. 13.04 mg/kg, 26.08 mg/kg, and 52.16 mg/kg). Experimental and control samples were analyzed for the studied element composition by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-MS) using Agilent 7900 ICP-MS (Agilent Technologies, USA).

Results

Results. A database was created for the content of 24 elements in a sunflower plant (root, shoot and seed) and soil. A significant increase in the absorption of P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe and B by sunflower plants was recorded under the combination of both stressors. A significant increase (4 times) in the cadmium content was observed in the final product. However, despite a significant increase in the lead content in sunflower roots and shoots, no excess over the control values was detected in the seeds.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Cd and Pb were found to have negative effects on sunflower plants, which manifested itself in a negative change in the element composition of biomass and seed material.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.