vir-nwТруды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекцииProceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding2227-88342619-0982N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources10.30901/2227-8834-2026-1-o3vir-nw-2270Research ArticleГЕНЕТИКА КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙGENETICS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVESПрименение полногеномного анализа ассоциаций для выявления маркеров, ассоциированных с хозяйственно ценными признаками овсаApplication of a genome-wide association study to identify markers associated with valuable agronomic traits in oatshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1958-5008ШвачкоН. А.ShvachkoN. A.

Наталия Альбертовна Швачко, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, ВИР

190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44

Nataliya A. Shvachko, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher,  VIR

42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia

n.shvachko@vir.nw.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7275-3878СемилетТ. В.SemiletT. V.

Татьяна Вячеславовна Семилет, младший научный сотрудник, ВИР

190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44

Tatyana V. Semilet, Associate Researcher,  VIR

42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia

t.semilet@vir.nw.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3990-6526КовалеваО. Н.KovalevaO. N.

Ольга Николаевна Ковалева, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник,  ВИР

190000, Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44

Olga N. Kovaleva, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher,  VIR

42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia

o.kovaleva@vir.nw.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5477-8684ЛукинаК. А.LukinaK. A.

Ксения Андреевна Лукина, младший научный сотрудник, ВИР

190000, Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44

Kseniia A. Lukina, Associate Researcher,  VIR

42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia

k.lukina@vir.nw.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9250-7225ЛоскутовИ. Г.LoskutovI. G.

Игорь Градиславович Лоскутов, доктор биологических наук, доцент, главный научный сотрудник, заведующий отделом,  ВИР

190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44

Igor G. Loskutov, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor, Chief Researcher, Head of a Department, VIR

42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia

i.loskutov@vir.nw.ruФедеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. ВавиловаРоссияN.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic ResourcesRussian Federation2026300320261871190203Copyright © Швачко Н.А., Семилет Т.В., Ковалева О.Н., Лукина К.А., Лоскутов И.Г., 20262026Швачко Н.А., Семилет Т.В., Ковалева О.Н., Лукина К.А., Лоскутов И.Г.Shvachko N.A., Semilet T.V., Kovaleva O.N., Lukina K.A., Loskutov I.G.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2270

Успешное решение проблем селекции, связанных с увеличением продуктивности и улучшением качественных показателей зерна, возможно лишь при наличии соответствующего генотипированного исходного материала. Овес – зерновая культура универсального использования. Зерно овса имеет высокую питательную ценность, содержит незаменимые ненасыщенные жирные кислоты, основные минеральные элементы, глобулярные белки, β-глюканы и характеризуется наличием разнообразных химических веществ, проявляющих антиоксидантные свойства. В последнее время овес довольно широко используется на пищевые и диетические цели, для расширения ассортимента функциональных продуктов питания. Доказано, что продукты, получаемые из овса, являются средством профилактики и терапии некоторых хронических заболеваний. Большое значение приобретает выделение источников и создание доноров хозяйственно ценных признаков и тщательность изучения их компонентов. Полногеномный анализ ассоциаций (GWAS) – статистический метод, который позволяет идентифицировать геномные области, связанные с хозяйственно ценными признаками. Для применения данного анализа необходима информация о геноме объекта исследования, а также проведение фенотипирования в полевых условиях, как правило, в течение трех лет. В статье рассматривается использование GWAS для выявления маркеров, ассоциированных с основными агрономическими и биохимическими признаками. В публикации показаны возможности использования данного метода для анализа хозяйственно ценных признаков овса. Основное внимание уделено содержанию β-глюканов в зерновке и поиску маркеров, связанных с данным признаком, с применением метода GWAS.

Successful solution of plant breeding problems associated with higher crop productivity and improved quality indicators of grain is impossible without the availability of appropriate genotyped source material. Oat is a versatile cereal crop. Oat grain has high nutritional value, contains essential unsaturated fatty acids, essential minerals, globular proteins, and β-glucans; it is characterized by the presence of a diversity of chemical compounds with antioxidant properties. Recently, oats have been utilized quite widely for food and dietary purposes, to expand the range of functional food products. Products obtained from oats have been recognized as means of preventing and treating certain chronic diseases. Of great importance in this context is the identification and development of sources and donors of valuable agronomic traits and a thorough study of their components. The genome-wide association study (GWAS) is a popular genomic approach that identifies genomic regions associated with a phenotype and, thus, aims to discover mutations in the genes underlying the phenotype. Information about the genome of a studied object is required for this statistical method, as well as phenotyping under field conditions, usually over a period of three years. A discussion is presented on the use of GWAS in the analysis of crop genetic diversity. The results of using this technique for identification of main agronomic and biochemical traits are shown. The details of applying this analysis for oats, as well as for the identification of genes controlling the synthesis of β-glucans in oat grain, are considered.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.