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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2025-1-93-105</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-2253</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОЛЛЕКЦИИ МИРОВЫХ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ РЕСУРСОВ КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ ДЛЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ПРИОРИТЕТНЫХ НАПРАВЛЕНИЙ СЕЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COLLECTIONS OF THE WORLD’S CROP GENETIC RESOURCES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRIORITY PLANT BREEDING TRENDS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фенотипирование образцов гуара из коллекции ВИР в условиях полива и искусственной засухи в Волгоградской области</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Phenotyping of guar accessions from the VIR collection under irrigation and artificial drought conditions in Volgograd Province</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2808-7745</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вишнякова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vishnyakova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Маргарита Афанасьевна Вишнякова, доктор биологических наук, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Margarita A. Vishnyakova, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Chief Researcher</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.vishnyakova.vir@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4576-1527</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дзюбенко</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzyubenko</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Александровна Дзюбенко, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Dzyubenko, Senior Researcher</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena.dzyuyubenkobenko@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8791-1899</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочерина</surname><given-names>Н. B.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kocherina</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Викторовна Кочерина, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44; </p><p>195220, Санкт-Петербург, Гражданский пр., 14</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Kocherina, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg, 190000;</p><p>14 Grazhdanskiy Ave., St. Petersburg 195220</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alle007@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2438-9156</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агаханов</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Agakhanov</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Магамедгусейн Магамедганифович Агаханов, кандидат биологических наук, директор филиала</p><p>404160, Волгоградская область, Среднеахтубинский район, Краснослободск, квартал Опытная станция ВИР</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Magamedgusein M. Agakhanov, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Branch Director</p><p>30 VIR Exp. Station Block, Krasnoslobodsk 404160</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.agahanov@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9794-104X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шаухаров</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaukharov</surname><given-names>R A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рамазан Абатович Шаухаров, специалист</p><p>404160, Волгоградская область, Среднеахтубинский район, Краснослободск, квартал Опытная станция ВИР</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ramazan A. Shaukharov, Specialist</p><p>30 VIR Exp. Station Block, Krasnoslobodsk 404160</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">romanshauharov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова; Агрофизический научно-исследовательский институт</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources; Agrophysical Research Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова, Волгоградская опытная станция – филиал ВИР</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Volgograd Experiment Station – branch of VIR</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>186</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>93</fpage><lpage>105</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Вишнякова М.А., Дзюбенко Е.А., Кочерина Н.B., Агаханов М.М., Шаухаров Р.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вишнякова М.А., Дзюбенко Е.А., Кочерина Н.B., Агаханов М.М., Шаухаров Р.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vishnyakova M.A., Dzyubenko E.A., Kocherina N.V., Agakhanov M.M., Shaukharov R.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2253">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2253</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Гуар (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.) – новый интродуцент в ряде южных регионов Российской Федерации. Гуаровая камедь, ингредиент семян гуара, применяется в разных отраслях народного хозяйства и имеет стратегическое значение в газонефтяной промышленности. Для адресной интродукции необходимо выяснить адаптивный потенциал культуры, в частности ее отношение к засухе, которая характерна для большинства южных областей России.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Объектом исследования служили 50 образцов гуара из коллекции ВИР, полевое фенотипирование которых проводили на Волгоградской опытной станции – филиале ВИР. Выборка создана по принципу максимальной репрезентативности генофонда культуры. Пятьдесят образцов изучали в 2023 г. и 30 наиболее продуктивных из них в 2024 г. в режимах капельного полива (П) разной степени интенсивности и искусственной засухи (З), создаваемой с начала плодообразования и до уборки. Исследование осуществляли в соответствии с методическими указаниями ВИР. Статистическая обработка данных проведена в программе Statistica 13.3.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Главным оценочным критерием адаптивности к засухе считали семенную продуктивность растения, по которой выявлена дифференциация изученной выборки на три группы: толерантные к засухе, чувствительные к ней и нейтральные по отношению к водоснабжению. Изучаемые признаки проявляли разную степень изменчивости в режимах П и З. Показано сохранение выявленного по отношению к засухе статуса у большинства образцов в оба года исследования. Определены наиболее продуктивные образцы во всех трех группах.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Режим точечного полива, использованный в 2023 г. (5 л/растение в неделю), оказался излишним для большинства изученных образцов. Примененный в 2024 г. вдвое меньший объем полива, судя по семенной продуктивности, был благоприятным для всех групп образцов. Независимо от группы, большинство образцов обнаружили тенденцию увеличения семенной продуктивности на оптимальном поливе.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.) is a newly introduced crop for southern regions of Russia. Guar gum, a component of guar seeds, is used in a number of sectors of the national economy, being strategically important for the gas and oil industry. Targeted introduction of guar requires better understanding of the crop’s adaptive potential, and more specifically, its responses to droughts typical for most of Russia’s southern areas.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Guar accessions from the VIR collection were phenotyped at Volgograd Experiment Station of VIR in 2023–2024. The studied set was selected to represent the crop’s gene pool to the fullest extent possible. The same accessions were studied under drip irrigation and artificial drought conditions. The study was performed according to the guidelines developed at VIR. Statistica 13.3 software was used for statistical data processing.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Seed productivity was accepted as the main criterion to assess the plant’s adaptability to drought. On its basis, the studied set of accessions was differentiated into three groups: drought-tolerant, sensitive to drought, and neutral to water supply. The analyzed indicators manifested different degrees of variability under the conditions of irrigation and drought. The status revealed for the majority of accessions in the context of their responses to drought remained unchanged in both years of the study.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The drip irrigation scheme used in 2023 (5 L per plant per week) turned out to be excessive for most accessions, while the one half as lower in 2024 (2.5 L per plant per week) appeared favorable for the accessions of all three groups. With optimal irrigation, a majority of guar accessions exhibited a tendency toward increased seed productivity, regardless of the group.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гуар</kwd><kwd>интродукция</kwd><kwd>адаптивность</kwd><kwd>полив</kwd><kwd>искусственная засуха</kwd><kwd>семенная продуктивность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>guar</kwd><kwd>introduction</kwd><kwd>adaptability</kwd><kwd>irrigation</kwd><kwd>artificial drought</kwd><kwd>seed productivity</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке Российского научного фонда в рамках проекта № 23-16-00195 от 15 мая 2023 г.  Авторы благодарят рецензентов за их вклад в экспертную оценку этой работы.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation (Project No. 23-16-00195 of May 15, 2023). The authors thank the reviewers for their contribution to the peer review of this work.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ahmed M.F.M., Mac D.M., Bashir A.A.G. Effect of water stress at different periods on seed yield and water use efficiency of guar under Shambat conditions. Agricultural Sciences. 2011;2(3):262-266. DOI: 10.4236/as.2011.23034</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ahmed M.F.M., Mac D.M., Bashir A.A.G. Effect of water stress at different periods on seed yield and water use efficiency of guar under Shambat conditions. Agricultural Sciences. 2011;2(3):262-266. 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