vir-nwТруды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекцииProceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding2227-88342619-0982N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources10.30901/2227-8834-2024-4-264-280vir-nw-2133Research ArticleОБЗОРЫSURVEYSСемейство генов OsGATA как перспективный кандидат для применения CRISPR/Cas-технологии редактирования генома с целью улучшения пищевых и урожайных качеств риса (Oryza sativa L.)The OsGATA gene family as a promising candidate for applying the CRISPR/Cas genome editing technology to improve the nutritional and yield qualities of rice (Oryza sativa L.)https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7806-4647НестероваЕ. А.NesterovaE. A.

Екатерина Артемовна Нестерова, и. о. младшего научного сотрудника.

190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44

Ekaterina A. Nesterova Acting Associate Researcher.

42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000

ea.nesterova@vir.nw.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1958-5008ШвачкоН. А.ShvachkoN. A.

Наталия Альбертовна Швачко кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, и. о. заведующего лаборатории.

190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44

Nataliya A. Shvachko Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher, Acting Head of a Laboratory.

42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000

n.shvachko@vir.nw.ruФедеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова, Санкт-Петербург, РоссияРоссияN.I. Vavilov All-Russian AllRussian Institute of Plant Genetic ResourcesRussian Federation2024110120251854264280Copyright © Нестерова Е.А., Швачко Н.А., 20242024Нестерова Е.А., Швачко Н.А.Nesterova E.A., Shvachko N.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2133

Молекулярная селекция риса (Oryza sativa L.) на урожайность имеет огромное значение для обеспечения продовольственной безопасности населения. У живых организмов существуют генетически обусловленные пути реакции на факторы окружающей среды, в том числе на стресс. Фотосинтетическая активность влияет на все обменные процессы в клетках растений. В свою очередь, гены, участвующие в фотосинтезе, регулируются дифференциально экспрессируемыми генами, связанными с циркадными ритмами. Для растений необходима более сложная и эффективная регуляция экспрессии генов ввиду прикрепленного образа жизни. GATA-факторы – транскрипционные факторы (ТФ), которые влияют на выработку фитогормонов и опосредуют реакцию на стресс. GATA-факторы разделены на четыре основных класса (класс A – класс D) на основании разницы в структуре домена цинковых пальцев и на семь подсемейств в зависимости от наличия дополнительных доменов. В ТФ GATA имеются доменные структуры, которые могут быть участниками регуляции циркадных ритмов. Воздействия на циркадные ритмы растений влияют на другие регуляторные метаболические пути растения, что делает изучение генов, связанных с циркадными ритмами, актуальным и значимым. Наиболее известным и используемым методом редактирования генов на данный момент является технология CRISPR/Cas. С 2018 по 2023 г. с использованием технологии CRISPR/Сas было успешно проведено геномное редактирование более 30 генов риса, что улучшило их хозяйственно ценные признаки.

В публикации приведены классификация и информация об известных функциях генов OsGATA и ТФ OsGATA, а также данные, подтверждающие возможность воздействия на регуляцию циркадных ритмов риса посредством редактирования генов OsGATA.

Molecular breeding of rice (Oryza sativa L.) for yield is of great importance for ensuring food security of the population. Living organisms manifest genetically determined responses to environmental factors, including stressors. Photosynthetic activity affects all metabolic processes in plant cells. The genes involved in photosynthesis, in their turn, are regulated by differentially expressed genes associated with circadian rhythms. Plants, as sedentary organisms, require more efficient regulation of gene expression. GATA factors are transcription factors (TFs) that affect the production of phytohormones and mediate the stress response. GATA factors are divided into four main classes (A to D), based on the difference in the structure of the zinc finger domain, and into seven subfamilies, depending on the availability of additional domains. GATA TFs incorporate domain structures that may be involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms. Effects on the circadian rhythms influence other regulatory metabolic pathways in plants, which makes the study of genes associated with circadian rhythms relevant and significant. The most well-known and popular method of gene editing at the moment is the CRISPR/Cas technology. More than 30 rice genes were successfully genomically edited using the CRISPR/Cas technology in the period from 2018 through 2023. This helped to improve their valuable agronomic traits.

This review summarizes all information about the classification and known functions of OsGATA genes and OsGATA TFs and provides evidence for the possibility of influencing the regulation of rice photoperiodicity by editing these genes.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.