vir-nwТруды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекцииProceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding2227-88342619-0982N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources10.30901/2227-8834-2024-4-196-208vir-nw-2127Research ArticleИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКОГО РАЗНООБРАЗИЯ КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙ ДЛЯ РЕШЕНИЯ ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ И ПРИКЛАДНЫХ ПРОБЛЕМIDENTIFICATION OF THE DIVERSITY OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVES FOR SOLVING FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED PROBLEMSМолекулярный скрининг образцов редких тыквенных культур на наличие маркеров генов и QTl, контролирующих устойчивость к мучнистой росеMolecular screening of rare cucurbit accessions for the presence of markers for genes and QTls controlling resistance to powdery mildewhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9454-6594МарковаЕ. Н.MarkovaE. N.

Елена Николаевна Маркова - младший научный сотрудник, ФИЦ ВИГРР имени Н.И. Вавилова, Научно-технологический университет «Сириус», НЦ генетики и наук о жизни.

190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44; 354340 Краснодарский край, федеральная территория «Сириус», пгт. Сириус, Олимпийский пр., 1

Elena N. Markova - Associate Researcher, N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Sirius University of Science and Technology, RC of Genetics and Life Sciences, 1 Olimpiysky Ave., Sirius Settlem., Sirius Federal Territory.

42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000; Krasnodar Territory 354340

markova.en@talantiuspeh.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0492-2024БеренсенФ. А.BerensenF. A.

Федор Алексеевич Беренсен - заведующий лабораторией.

190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44

Fedor A. Berensen - Head of a Laboratory.

Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000

f.berensen@vir.nw.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8758-893XГашковаИ. В.GashkovaI. V.

Ирина Валерьевна Гашкова - кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, старший научный сотрудник.

190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44

Irina V. Gashkova - Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Senior Researcher.

42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000

i.gashkova@vir.nw.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8334-8069АнтоноваО. Ю.AntonovaO. Yu.

Ольга Юрьевна Антонова - кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник.

190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44

Olga Yu. Antonova - Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher.

42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000

olgaant326@mail.ruФедеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова; Научно-технологический университет «Сириус», Научный центр генетики и наук о жизни, Краснодарский крайРоссияN.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources; Sirius University of Science and Technology, Research Center of Genetics and Life SciencesRussian FederationФедеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. ВавиловаРоссияN.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic ResourcesRussian Federation2024100120251854196208Copyright © Маркова Е.Н., Беренсен Ф.А., Гашкова И.В., Антонова О.Ю., 20252025Маркова Е.Н., Беренсен Ф.А., Гашкова И.В., Антонова О.Ю.Markova E.N., Berensen F.A., Gashkova I.V., Antonova O.Y.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2127

Мучнистая роса (Podosphaera xanthii (Castagne) Braun & Shishkoff ) – наиболее распространенное заболевание тыквенных культур, особенно в северо-западной и южной зонах России. Так, в Краснодарском крае, крупнейшем производителе кабачков, ущерб от мучнистой росы достигает 20–40%, что приводит к значительным экономическим потерям. Возможным решением данной проблемы является повышение резистентности растений-хозяев к патогенам за счет внесения генов устойчивости из диких или редких родственных культур, поскольку другие варианты, такие как применение фунгицидов, могут нарушить экосистемы и нанести вред живым организмам. Методы молекулярной селекции, такие как молекулярные маркеры, позволяют быстро идентифицировать необходимые фрагменты ДНК для выявления устойчивых и поражаемых форм растений-доноров. Предполагая наличие оригинальных генов устойчивости к мучнистой росе у редких тыквенных культур, мы провели молекулярный скрининг для 50 образцов люффы (Luffa cylindrica M. Roem.), 50 образцов лагенарии (Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.) и 10 образцов Cucumis sp. из коллекции ВИР на наличие 15 маркеров генов устойчивости к мучнистой росе, известных для распространенных и редких тыквенных культур.

Powdery mildew (Podosphaera xanthii (Castagne) Braun & Shishkoff ) is considered the most common disease of cucurbitaceous crops, especially in the northwestern and southern regions of Russia. For example, in Krasnodar Territory, the largest domestic squash producer, the damage from powdery mildew reaches 20–40%, which leads to significant economic losses. A possible solution to this problem is to increase the resistance of host plants to pathogens by introducing resistance genes from wild species or rare crop relatives, since other options, including the use of fungicides, can disrupt ecosystems and harm living organisms. Marker-assisted molecular breeding techniques make it possible to quickly identify necessary DNA fragments in order to find resistant and susceptible forms of donor plants. Assuming the presence of original genes for resistance to powdery mildew in rare cucurbits, we conducted molecular screening of 50 sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrica M. Roem.), 50 bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.), and 10 Cucumis sp. accessions from the VIR collection for the presence of 15 markers of powdery mildew resistance genes known for widespread and rare cucurbitaceous crops, and clarified the effectiveness of 3 molecular markers.

Luffa cylindrica M. Roem.Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.Podosphaera xanthii (Castagne) Braun & Shishkoffустойчивостьмолекулярные маркерыLuffa cylindrica M. Roem.Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.Podosphaera xanthii (Castagne) Braun & Shishkoffresistancemolecular markersрезультаты получены при финансовой поддержке исследования, реализуемого в рамках государственной программы федеральной территории «Сириус» «Научно-технологическое развитие федеральной территории “Сириус”» (cоглашение № 18-03 от 10.09.2024)the results were obtained with financial support from the state program for the Sirius Federal Territory “Scientific and technological development of the Sirius Federal Territory” (Agreement No. 18-03 dated Sept. 10, 2024)ReferencesAdeniji A.A., Coyne D.P. Genetics and nature of resistance to powdery mildew in crosses of butternut with calabaza squash and ‘Seminole Pumpkin’. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 1983;108(3):360-368. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.