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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2024-4-176-185</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-2125</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКОГО РАЗНООБРАЗИЯ КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙ ДЛЯ РЕШЕНИЯ ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ И ПРИКЛАДНЫХ ПРОБЛЕМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>IDENTIFICATION OF THE DIVERSITY OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVES FOR SOLVING FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED PROBLEMS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ генетических взаимосвязей селекционных форм Prunus armeniaca L. из коллекции генофонда Горного ботанического сада Дагестана</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of genetic relationships in the breeding material of Prunus armeniaca L. from the collection of the Mountain Botanical Garden, Dagestan</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6725-4086</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анатов</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anatov</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Джалалудин Магомедович Анатов - кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник.</p><p>367000 Республика Дагестан, Махачкала, ул. М. Гаджиева, 45</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dzhalaludin M. Anatov - Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher.</p><p>45 M. Gadzhieva St., Makhachkala 367000, Republic of Dagestan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">djalal@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0355-8395</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Супрун</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suprun</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иван Иванович Супрун - кандидат биологических наук, заведующий функциональным научным центром.</p><p>350901 Краснодар, ул. 40 лет Победы, 39</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan I. Suprun - Cand. Sci. (Biology), Head of a Functional Scientific Center.</p><p>39 40 let Pobedy St., Krasnodar 350901</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">supruni@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6251-300X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Илья Владимирович Степанов - младший научный сотрудник.</p><p>350901 Краснодар, ул. 40 лет Победы, 39</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya V. Stepanov - Associate Researcher.</p><p>39 40 let Pobedy St., Krasnodar 350901</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivstepanof@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4857-6354</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Османов</surname><given-names>Р. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osmanov</surname><given-names>R. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Руслан Маликович Османов - младший научный сотрудник.</p><p>367000 Республика Дагестан, Махачкала</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ruslan M. Osmanov - Associate Researcher.</p><p>45 M. Gadzhieva St., Makhachkala 367000, Republic of Dagestan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ru.osmanov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2092-7757</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Токмаков</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tokmakov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Вячеславович Токмаков - кандидат биологических наук, и. о. заведующего лабораторией.</p><p>350901 Краснодар, ул. 40 лет Победы, 39</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Tokmakov - Cand. Sci. (Biology), Acting Head of a Laboratory.</p><p>39 40 let Pobedy St., Krasnodar 350901</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ad-a-m@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Дагестанский федеральный исследовательский центр Российской академии наук, Горный ботанический сад – обособленное подразделение ДФИЦ РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dagestan Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mountain Botanical Garden – a separate division of the DFRC RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный центр садоводства, виноградарства, виноделия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный центр садоводства, виноградарства, виноделия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dagestan Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mountain Botanical Garden – a separate division of the DFRC RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>185</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>176</fpage><lpage>185</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Анатов Д.М., Супрун И.И., Степанов И.В., Османов Р.М., Токмаков С.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Анатов Д.М., Супрун И.И., Степанов И.В., Османов Р.М., Токмаков С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Anatov D.M., Suprun I.I., Stepanov I.V., Osmanov R.M., Tokmakov S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2125">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2125</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Для Дагестана характерна давняя традиция возделывания абрикоса, сформировавшая уникальный генофонд культуры. К сожалению, до сих пор селекционный потенциал местных сортов абрикоса в Дагестане слабо изучен. Данный факт актуализирует исследования дагестанской генплазмы абрикоса.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В настоящей работе осуществлена генетическая оценка материала дагестанской селекции, включающего 23 формы и пять сортов абрикоса. Все образцы условно разделили на 4 группы по происхождению («Краснощекого», «Крымского Медунца», «Шалаха», «Бухары»). Анализ генетического разнообразия селекционных образцов проводили с использованием 11 SSR-маркеров. Всего в сумме по всем использованным в работе маркерам получено 43 аллели. Полиморфизм SSR-маркеров варьировал от 2 до 8 аллелей на локус (в среднем 5 аллелей на локус). Эффективное число аллелей (Ne) и индекс разнообразия Шеннона (I) демонстрировали низкие значения для выборки образцов, что характерно для сеянцев, имеющих в происхождении общие родительские формы. Различия между самыми контрастными группами для значений Ne и I незначительно.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Комплексное изучение коллекции абрикоса показало большое количество гетерозигот у сеянцев относительно ожидаемых значений, что указывает на сильную генетическую отдаленность подобранных для скрещивания родительских пар. Наибольшей гетерозиготностью обладали сеянцы от скрещивания сортов ‘Крымский Медунец’ × ‘Краснощекий’, ‘Краснощекий’ × ‘Крымский Медунец’, ‘Крымский Медунец’ × ‘Хонобах’.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Кластеризация образцов методом главных координат и байесовским анализом на основе данных генотипирования позволила выявить общие закономерности распределения сортов и генотипов, а именно концентрацию сеянцев рядом с их материнскими родителями. Установлено различное генетическое происхождение для двух генотипов, относимых к сорту ‘Бухара’. Задействованные в работе SSR-маркеры проявили себя как надежный инструмент генотипирования в рамках изученной культуры.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Dagestan boasts a long tradition of apricot cultivation that resulted in a unique gene pool of this fruit tree. However, the potential of local apricot cultivars for breeding still remains poorly investigated. This fact validates the need for further research into apricot genetic resources in Dagestan.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The local breeding material of apricot (23 forms and 5 cultivars) underwent genetic evaluation. For convenience, all accessions were divided into 4 groups according to the origin of cvs. ‘Krasnoshchekiy’, ‘Krymskiy Medunets’, ‘Shalakh’, and ‘Bukhara’. Their genetic diversity was analyzed using 11 SSR markers. Polymorphism of SSR markers varied 2 to 10 alleles per locus (on average, 5 alleles per locus). The effective number of alleles (Ne) and the Shannon Diversity Index (I) showed low values for the set of accessions, which is typical for seedlings with shared parental forms in their pedigrees. The differences in Ne and I values between the most contrasting groups were insignificant: Ne = 2.719 and I = 1.085 for the Shalakh group versus Ne = 2.014 and I = 0.782 for the Krasnoshchekiy group.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A comprehensive study of the apricot collection showed greater numbers of heterozygotes in hybrid seedlings than the expected values, attesting to large genetic distances between the pairs of parents selected for crosses. The highest heterozygosity was observed in the seedlings from the crosses ‘Krymskiy Medunets’ × ‘Krasnoshchekiy’, ‘Krasnoshchekiy’ × ‘Krymskiy Medunets’, and ‘Krymskiy Medunets’ × ‘Khonobakh’.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Clustering the accessions with the principal coordinates analysis and Bayesian analysis on the basis of their genotyping data made it possible to identify general patterns in the distribution of cultivars and seedlings, namely the concentration of seedlings next to their maternal parents. Two genotypes attributed to cv. ‘Bukhara’ were found to have different genetic origin.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>маркеры</kwd><kwd>SSR</kwd><kwd>Prunus armeniaca L.</kwd><kwd>Дагестан</kwd><kwd>генетическое разнообразие</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>markers</kwd><kwd>SSR</kwd><kwd>Prunus armeniaca L.</kwd><kwd>Dagestan</kwd><kwd>genetic diversity</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">настоящая работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке гранта РФФИ № 19-34-50092 мол_нр. Авторы благодарят рецензентов за их вклад в экспертную оценку этой работы</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">this study was conducted with financial support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Grant No. 19-34-50092 mol_nr.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anatov D., Osmanov R. Phenotypic diversity of apricot cultivars derived from of Shalakh. variety. BIO Web of Conferences. 2021;34:02006. DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20213402006</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anatov D., Osmanov R. Phenotypic diversity of apricot cultivars derived from of Shalakh. variety. BIO Web of Conferences. 2021;34:02006. 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