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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2024-4-130-142</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-2118</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Структурирование генетической коллекции подсолнечника</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Structuring the genetic collection of sunflower</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8110-9168</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаврилова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gavrilova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вера Алексеевна Гаврилова - доктор биологических наук, главный научный сотрудник.</p><p>190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera A. Gavrilova - Dr. Sci. (Biology), Chief Researcher.</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.gavrilova@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0474-8860</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анисимова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anisimova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Николаевна Анисимова - доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник.</p><p>190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina N. Anisimova - Dr. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher.</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irina_anisimova@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5531-2728</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алпатьева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alpatieva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Владимировна Алпатьева - кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник.</p><p>190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Alpatieva - Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher.</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alpatievanatalia@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8328-9684</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пороховинова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Porokhovinova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елизавета Александровна Пороховинова - доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник.</p><p>190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elizaveta A. Porokhovinova - Dr. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher.</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.porohovinova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>185</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>130</fpage><lpage>142</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гаврилова В.А., Анисимова И.Н., Алпатьева Н.В., Пороховинова Е.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гаврилова В.А., Анисимова И.Н., Алпатьева Н.В., Пороховинова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gavrilova V.A., Anisimova I.N., Alpatieva N.V., Porokhovinova E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2118">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2118</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Геном подсолнечника линии XRQ секвенирован, но пока не целиком аннотирован, и выявлены не все гены-кандидаты для большинства признаков. Определение взаимосвязей признаков, выполненное в настоящем исследовании, будет способствовать пониманию генетического контроля фенотипических признаков.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В 2017 и 2018 г. проведено фенотипирование 237 линий генетической коллекции ВИР по морфологическим признакам (высота растения, тип ветвления, форма и размеры листа, черешка, корзинки, краевых и трубчатых цветков, поражение ложной мучнистой росой) и генотипирование с помощью ДНК-маркеров для определения образцов – носителей гена Rf и стерильной цитоплазмы. Для выявления влияния генотипа и условий года на проявление хозяйственно ценных и морфологических признаков, а также устойчивости к ложной мучнистой росе применили дисперсионный анализ. Структурирование генетической коллекции выполняли с помощью факторного анализа.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Проведено сравнение данных за 2017 и 2018 г. с использованием дисперсионного анализа. Результаты последнего свидетельствуют о наследуемости морфологических признаков, выравненности и чистоте линий генетической коллекции ВИР. Получены новые данные о фенотипическом разнообразии подсолнечника, стабильности хозяйственных признаков по сезонам выращивания.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. По результатам факторного анализа выделены группы сопряженных признаков: 1) высота растения и продолжительность фаз вегетационного периода; 2) восстановление фертильности пыльцы при ЦМС РЕТ1, SCAR-маркеры HRG02 и HRG01 гена Rf1 и ветвление; 3) окраска краевых и трубчатых цветков и форма черешка, а также форма поверхности листовой пластинки. Определены три группы линий, различающихся по системам (возможно, генам) восстановления фертильности пыльцы ЦМС РЕТ1. Факторный анализ позволил подтвердить предположение о присутствии в исследованных линиях нескольких генов Rf, отличающихся по своему проявлению от гена Rf1.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The XRQ sunflower genome has been sequenced but not yet fully annotated, and not all candidate genes for most traits have been identified. Disclosing the relationships among traits in this study will help to understand the genetic control over phenotypic characters.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A set of 237 sunflower lines from VIR’s genetic collection was phenotyped for their morphological characters (plant height; branching type; shapes and sizes of the leaf, petiole, flower head, disk and ray florets; downy mildew damage rate) and genotyped with molecular markers. DNA markers were used to identify accessions carrying the Rf gene and CMS. Factor analysis was applied to structure the genetic collection.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The data of 2017 and 2018 were compared using the analysis of variance. The results of the latter testified to the heritability of morphological characters, as well as to the alignment and purity of lines from VIR’s genetic collection of sunflower. New data were obtained on the phenotypic diversity of sunflower and stability of its agronomic traits across the growing seasons.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Groups of interacting characters were identified by the factor analysis: 1) plant height, and duration of the growing season phases; 2) pollen fertility restoration with CMS PET1, SCAR markers HRG02 and HRG01 of the Rf1 gene, and branching; 3) the color of ray and disk florets, and petiole shape, as well as lamina surface shape. Lines with CMS PET1 were classified into three groups differing in the systems (possibly genes) of pollen fertility restoration. The factor analysis made it possible to confirm the assumption that several Rf genes whose manifestation differed from the Rf1 gene were present in the studied sunflower lines from VIR’s genetic collection.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>линии</kwd><kwd>изменчивость</kwd><kwd>морфологические признаки</kwd><kwd>молекулярные маркеры</kwd><kwd>факторный анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lines</kwd><kwd>variability</kwd><kwd>morphological characters</kwd><kwd>molecular markers</kwd><kwd>factor analysis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">выполнена в рамках государственного задания согласно тематическому плану ВИР по проекту № FGEM-2022-0005 «Растительные ресурсы масличных и прядильных культур ВИР как основа теоретических исследований и их практического использования»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the research was performed within the framework of the state task according to the theme plan of VIR, Project No. FGEM-2022-0005 “Plant resources of oil and fiber crops at VIR as the basis for theoretical research and their practical utilization”</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Анащенко A.В. 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