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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2024-4-118-129</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-2117</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Генетическое разнообразие образцов кафрского сорго из коллекции ВИР по кафирин-кодирующим локусам</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genetic diversity of kaffir sorghum accessions from the VIR collection in kafirin-encoding loci</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5531-2728</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алпатьева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alpatieva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Владимировна Алпатьева кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник.</p><p>190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Alpatieva - Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher.</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alpatievanatalia@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0474-8860</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анисимова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anisimova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Николаевна Анисимова доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник.</p><p>190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina N. Anisimova - Dr. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher.</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irina_anisimova@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4444-3658</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рязанова</surname><given-names>М. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryazanova</surname><given-names>M. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мария Константиновна Рязанова - аспирант.</p><p>190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria K. Ryazanova - Postgraduate Student.</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">m.ryazanova@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3829-7714</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васипов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasipov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Вячеславович Васипов - аспирант.</p><p>190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Vasipov - Postgraduate Student.</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vl.vasipov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1021-7951</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдуллаев</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdullaev</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ренат Абдуллаевич Абдуллаев - кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник.</p><p>190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Renat A. Abdullaev - Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher.</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">abdullaev.1988@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3509-4655</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романова</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanova</surname><given-names>O. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Ивановна Романова - кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник.</p><p>190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga I. Romanova - Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher.</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o.romanova@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3019-0306</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Радченко</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Radchenko</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Евгеньевич Радченко - доктор биологических наук, главный научный сотрудник, заведующий отделом.</p><p>190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny E. Radchenko - Dr. Sci. (Biology), Chief Researcher, Head of a Department.</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eugene_radchenko@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>185</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>118</fpage><lpage>129</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Алпатьева Н.В., Анисимова И.Н., Рязанова М.К., Васипов В.В., Абдуллаев Р.А., Романова О.И., Радченко Е.Е., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Алпатьева Н.В., Анисимова И.Н., Рязанова М.К., Васипов В.В., Абдуллаев Р.А., Романова О.И., Радченко Е.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Alpatieva N.V., Anisimova I.N., Ryazanova M.K., Vasipov V.V., Abdullaev R.A., Romanova O.I., Radchenko E.E.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2117">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2117</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Сорго – характеризующаяся высокой засухоустойчивостью универсальная культура, широко возделываемая во всем мире. Его зерно имеет ценный биохимический состав и используется в качестве фуража, а также как продукт питания. Благодаря уникальной структуре запасных белков эндосперма – кафиринов – включение сорговой муки в тесто перспективно для получения компонентов диетического питания. Изучение разнообразия образцов кафрского сорго из коллекции ВИР по биохимическим и морфологическим признакам зерна и полиморфным ДНК-маркерам как возможных доноров для получения стерильных линий и закрепителей стерильности актуально.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Шестнадцать образцов кафрского сорго фенотипировали по морфологическим признакам зерна, составу электрофоретических спектров кафиринов, а также генотипировали с помощью специфичных для генов этих белков ПЦР-маркеров. Фенотип зрелых зерен оценивали по цвету семенной оболочки, а также соотношению толщин стекловидного и мучнистого слоев эндосперма на срезах. Белки разделяли с помощью электрофореза в полиакриламидном геле. В ПЦР-анализе использовали SSR-маркеры, сцепленные с генами β- и γ-кафиринов, а также STS-маркер кодирующего участка гена δ-кафирина.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и выводы</title><p>Результаты и выводы. Образцы изученной выборки различались по окраске зерна и структуре эндосперма. Три образца характеризовались значительной толщиной стекловидного слоя, остальные – мучнистым либо частично стекловидным эндоспермом. Не выявлено отличий между образцами по электрофоретическим спектрам кафиринов. В то же время образцы характеризовались высоким уровнем полиморфизма фрагментов, амплифицированных с праймерами, фланкирующими микросателлитные последовательности, сцепленные с генами β- и γ-кафиринов. Два варианта STS-маркера, отличавшихся по последовательности, обнаружены при амплификации с праймерами, специфичными для участка гена, кодирующего δ-кафирин. Изученные образцы дифференцированы после обработки результатов с помощью метода анализа главных координат (PCoА).</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Sorghum is a universal, highly drought-resistant crop, widely cultivated throughout the world. Sorghum grain has a valuable biochemical composition and is utilized in both food and feed production. Due to the unique structure of endosperm storage proteins, kafirins, adding sorghum flour to dough is promising for producing dietetic nutrition components. Employing polymorphic DNA markers to study the diversity of kaffir sorghum accessions from the VIR collection as potential donors of biological and morphological traits in their grain is relevant for the development of sterile lines and sterility maintainers.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Sixteen kaffir sorghum accessions were phenotyped according to morphological features and kafirin electrophoretic banding patterns in their grain, and genotyped using PCR markers specific for kafirin-encoding genes. The phenotype of mature grains was assessed by seed coat color as well as by the thickness ratio between the vitreous and farinaceous endosperm layers on grain cuts. Proteins were fractionated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The SSR markers linked to the genes for β- and γ-kafirins, and the STS marker of the coding region of the δ-kafirin gene were used in the PCR analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and conclusions</title><p>Results and conclusions. The studied accessions differed in grain color and endosperm structure. Three accessions demonstrated a significant thickness of the vitreous layer, while the others had a farinaceous or partially vitreous endosperm. No differences were found among the accessions in the kafirin electrophoretic banding patterns. Meanwhile, the accessions manifested highly polymorphic fragments amplified with primers flanking microsatellite sequences linked to the β- and γ-kafirin genes. Two different versions of the STS marker were detected after amplification with the primers specific to the δ-kafirincoding gene region. The studied accessions were differentiated using the principal coordinates analysis (PCoA).</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Sorghum caffrorum</kwd><kwd>эндосперм</kwd><kwd>β-</kwd><kwd>γ- и δ-кафирины</kwd><kwd>электрофорез</kwd><kwd>ПЦР</kwd><kwd>маркеры</kwd><kwd>полиморфизм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Sorghum caffrorum</kwd><kwd>endosperm</kwd><kwd>β-</kwd><kwd>γ- and δ-kafirins</kwd><kwd>electrophoresis</kwd><kwd>PCR</kwd><kwd>markers</kwd><kwd>polymorphism</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания согласно тематическому плану ВИР по проекту № FGEM-2022-0009 «Структурирование и раскрытие потенциала наследственной изменчивости мировой коллекции зерновых и крупяных культур ВИР для развития, оптимизированного генбанка и рационального использования в селекции и растениеводстве»</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>the study was carried out within the framework of the state task according to the thematic plan of VIR, Project No. FGEM-2022-0009 “Structuring and disclosing the potential of hereditary variation in the global collection of cereal and groat crops at VIR for the development of an optimized genebank and its sustainable utilization in plant breeding and crop production”</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Анисимова И.Н., Алпатьева Н.В., Абдуллаев Р.А., Карабицина Ю.И., Кузнецова Е.Б. 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