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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2024-3-157-165</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-2037</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННАЯ СЕЛЕКЦИЯ НА СОВРЕМЕННОМ ЭТАПЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DOMESTIC PLANT BREEDING AT THE PRESENT STAGE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Зависимость урожайности линий поздних поколений от продуктивности колоса исходных гибридных популяций яровой мягкой пшеницы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Dependence of the yield in late-generation lines on the spike productivity in original segregating populations of spring bread wheat</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1561-6345</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лепехов</surname><given-names>С. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lepekhov</surname><given-names>S. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Борисович Лепехов, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник </p><p>656910, Барнаул, Научный городок, 35</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey B. Lepekhov, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher </p><p>35 Nauchny Gorodok, Barnaul 656910</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sergei.lepehov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный Алтайский научный центр агробиотехнологий</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Altai Scientific Centre of Agro-Biotechnologies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>185</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>157</fpage><lpage>165</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лепехов С.Б., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лепехов С.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lepekhov S.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2037">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2037</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Обоснование возможности браковки гибридных популяций на основе оценки их урожайности или массы зерна колоса как признака, тесно коррелирующего с урожайностью, может повысить эффективность селекционной работы с яровой мягкой пшеницей. Материалы и методы. Шестнадцать гибридных популяций F2 –F4 яровой мягкой пшеницы были оценены по массе зерна колоса, среднему значению у 10% растений с максимальной массой зерна колоса, коэффициенту вариации массы зерна колоса, а также урожайности. При помощи метода педигри в каждой гибридной популяции были отобраны 2–3 линии F7 . Полученные линии испытывались по урожайности в F8 и F9 . При обработке результатов ретроспективно учитывали данные по массе зерна главного колоса родительских сортов, от скрещивания которых были получены рассматриваемые гибридные популяции. Результаты. Гибридные популяции стабильно дифференцировались по среднему значению массы зерна колоса и его коэффициенту вариации в различные годы исследования. Ни одна из 36 линий поздних поколений достоверно не превзошла стандартный сорт по урожайности. Все рассматриваемые показатели гибридных популяций не были достоверно связаны с урожайностью линий поздних поколений. Среднее значение массы зерна главного колоса родительских сортов, лучшего родителя, а также разность средних значений родителей по массе зерна главного колоса имели тенденцию к отрицательной взаимосвязи с урожайностью линий поздних поколений (r до –0,58). Заключение. Браковка гибридных популяций исключительно по урожайности или массе зерна колоса сопряжена с риском утраты высокоурожайных генотипов. Высокоурожайные линии поздних поколений формируются в комбинациях, в которых у одного родителя или в среднем по родителям масса зерна главного колоса не выражена в наибольшей степени или оба родителя слабо отличаются друг от друга по данному признаку.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. An ascertained possibility of culling segregating populations on the basis on their yield or grain weight per spike as a character closely correlated with yield can increase the efficiency of breeding practice with spring bread wheat. Materials and methods. Sixteen F2 –F4 segregating populations of spring bread wheat were assessed for their grain weight per spike, average grain weight per spike among the top 10%, coefficient of variation for grain weight per spike, and yield. The pedigree method was applied to select 2 to 3 F7 lines from each population. The obtained lines were tested for their yield in F8 and F9 . The data of grain weight per main spike in the parents that had been crossed to produce the studied segregating populations were retrospectively taken into account while the results were processed. Results Segregating populations persistently differed in their average grain weight per spike and the coefficient of its variation in different years of research. None of the 36 late-generation lines significantly surpassed the reference cultivar in yield. All the considered indicators of segregating populations had no significant correlations with the yield of late-generation lines. Average values of grain weight per main spike in the parent genotypes and the best parent as well as the differences between the parents in the average grain weight per main spike tended to have a negative correlation with the yield of late-generation lines (r up to –0.58). Conclusion. The culling of segregating populations based solely on the yield or grain weight per spike is associated with a risk of losing high-yielding genotypes. Late-generation lines with high yields occur in combinations where the grain weight per main spike in one parent or on average among the parents is not expressed to its highest level or when both parents differ only slightly from each other in the expression of this character.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>масса зерна колоса</kwd><kwd>изменчивость</kwd><kwd>косвенный отбор</kwd><kwd>подбор пар для скрещивания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>grain weight per spike</kwd><kwd>variability</kwd><kwd>indirect selection</kwd><kwd>selection of pairs for crossing</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания Федерального Алтайского научного центра агробиотехнологий № 0534-2021-0003 «Использование молекулярно-генетических и биотехнологических методов исследований в селекции растений».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">this work was implemented within the framework of the state task delegated to the Federal Altai Scientific Centre of Agro-Biotechnologies: No. 0534-2021-0003 “The use of molecular genetics and biotechnological research methods in plant breeding”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Basanagouda G., Ramesh S., Chandana B.R., Sathish H., Siddu C.B., Kalpana M.P. et al. 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