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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2024-3-71-77</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-2028</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИЗУЧЕНИЕ И ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ РЕСУРСОВ РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>STUDYING AND UTILIZATION OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Активность фотосинтетических пигментов и антиоксидантной системы у подсолнечника в условиях стресса от засухи</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Activity of photosynthetic pigments and the antioxidant system in sunflower under drought stress</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5323-4965</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федорова</surname><given-names>Д. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorova</surname><given-names>D. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дарья Геннадьевна Федорова, кандидат биологических наук, директор ботанического сада </p><p>460018, Оренбург, пр. Победы, 13</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Darya G. Fedorova, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Director of the Botanical Garden </p><p>13 Pobedy Ave., Orenburg 460018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">DaryaOrlova24@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7449-0378</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Назарова</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nazarova</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Михайловна Назарова, кандидат биологических наук, руководитель научной группы ботанического сада </p><p>460018, Оренбург, пр. Победы, 13</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia M. Nazarova, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Head of a Scientific Group of the Botanical Garden </p><p>13 Pobedy Ave., Orenburg 460018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Nazarova-1989@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1407-441X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Укенов</surname><given-names>Б. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ukenov</surname><given-names>B. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Булат Сирикбаевич Укенов, кандидат биологических наук, доцент </p><p>460018, Оренбург, пр. Победы, 13</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bulat S. Ukenov, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor </p><p>13 Pobedy Ave., Orenburg 460018</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">89198660945@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Оренбургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Orenburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>185</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>71</fpage><lpage>77</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Федорова Д.Г., Назарова Н.М., Укенов Б.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Федорова Д.Г., Назарова Н.М., Укенов Б.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fedorova D.G., Nazarova N.M., Ukenov B.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2028">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/2028</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность. Исследование имеет особое значение ввиду усиливающихся темпов мировой аридизации климата. Статья посвящена результатам эксперимента по влиянию засухи на физиологический статус проростков сорта ‘Посейдон 625’ важной продовольственной культуры – подсолнечника (Helianthus annuus L.). Материалы и методы. Эксперимент включал группу контрольных образцов, выращенных при достаточном увлажнении, и четыре импактных группы, подвергавшихся осмотическому стрессу. Интенсивность накопления продуктов перикисного окисления липидов (ПОЛ) определяли по реакции малонового диальдегида (МДА) с тиобарбетуровой кислотой; активность каталазы – фотоколориметрическим методом, основанном на взаимодействии перекиси водорода с йодистым калием; содержание пигментов (Хл а, Хл b, Кар) – спектрофотометрически в ацетоновом экстракте. Результаты. Выяснено, что у импактных групп опыта степень накопления ПОЛ многократно превышает значения контрольных, что подтверждается быстрым нарастанием концентрации МДА в ответ на усиливающийся дефицит воды. Накопление свободных радикалов кислорода запускает механизмы антиоксидантной защиты проростков путем синтеза каталазы, концентрация которой нарастает пропорционально накоплению ПОЛ. Одновременно быстрое накопление ПОЛ в условиях отсутствия полива и осмотического стресса 3 и 5 атм приводит к супрессии низкомолекулярных компонентов защиты – каротиноидов и активации их синтеза только при достижении критических значений осмотического стресса. Заключение. В результате проведенного эксперимента установлено, что каталаза является основным компонентом антиоксидантной защиты у проростков подсолнечника. За счет активации ее синтеза происходит снижение концентраций Хл а и Хл b, что является свидетельством как активации механизмов защиты фотосинтетической активности проростков, так и их антиоксидантного статуса.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. The study is of particular importance in view of the increasing pace of global climate aridization. The article highlights the results of an experiment on the effect of drought on the physiological status of seedlings of cv. ‘Poseidon 625’ representing an important food crop – sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Materials and methods. The experiment included a group of control samples grown with sufficient moisture and four impact groups subjected to osmotic stress. The intensity of accumulation of lipid peroxidation products (LPP) was measured by the reaction of malondialdehyde (MDA) with thiobarbeturic acid; catalase activity was assessed by a photocolorimetric method based on the interaction between hydrogen peroxide and potassium iodide; the content of pigments (Chl a, Chl b, Сar) was calculated spectrophotometrically in acetone extract. Results. The degree of POL accumulation in the impact groups of the experiment was found to be many times higher than the values in the control samples, which was confirmed by a rapid increase in the MDA concentration in response to a growing water shortage. The accumulation of oxygen free radicals triggered the mechanisms of antioxidant protection of seedlings by synthesizing catalase, the concentration of which increased proportionally to the accumulation of POL. At the same time, the rapid accumulation of POL in the absence of irrigation and under osmotic stress of 3 and 5 atm led to a suppression of low-molecular-weight components of protection (carotenoids) and activation of their synthesis only when critical values of osmotic stress were reached. Conclusion. As a result of the experiment, catalase was identified as the main component of antioxidant protection in sunflower seedlings. Due to the activation of its synthesis, the concentrations of Chl a and Chl b decreased, attesting to the activation of the mechanisms protecting the photosynthetic activity in seedlings, and their antioxidant status.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Helianthus annuus L.</kwd><kwd>проростки</kwd><kwd>лорофилл</kwd><kwd>каротиноиды</kwd><kwd>каталаза</kwd><kwd>малоновый диальдегид</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Helianthus annuus L.</kwd><kwd>seedlings</kwd><kwd>chlorophyll</kwd><kwd>carotenoids</kwd><kwd>catalase</kwd><kwd>malondialdehyde</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда № 23-76-10060 (https://rscf.ru/ project/23-76-10060/).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the research was financially supported by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation, No. 23-76-10060 (https://rscf.ru/project/23-76-10060/).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Batra N.G., Sharma V., Kumari N. 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