vir-nwТруды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекцииProceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding2227-88342619-0982N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources10.30901/2227-8834-2024-2-69-81vir-nw-1966Research ArticleИЗУЧЕНИЕ И ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ РЕСУРСОВ РАСТЕНИЙSTUDYING AND UTILIZATION OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCESРеакция генотипов винограда на абиотический стрессResponses of grapevine genotypes to abiotic stressНиловН. Г.NilovN. G.

Николай Геннадьевич Нилов, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, последнее место работы: ведущий научный сотрудник

298600; ул. Кирова, 31; Республика Крым; Ялта

Nikolay G. Nilov, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), previously employed as: Leading Researcher

298600; 31 Kirova St.; Republic of Crimea; Yalta

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7723-2575РыффИ. И.RyffI. I.

Ирина Ильинична Рыфф, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, заведующая лабораторией

298600; ул. Кирова, 31; Республика Крым; Ялта

Irina I. Ryff, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher, Head of a Laboratory

298600; 31 Kirova St.; Republic of Crimea; Yalta

i.riff2010@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9166-4341БерезовскаяС. П.BerezovskayaS. P.

Светлана петровна березовская, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, старший научный сотрудник

298600; ул. Кирова, 31; Республика Крым; Ялта

Svetlana P. Berezovskaya, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Senior Researcher

298600; 31 Kirova St.; Republic of Crimea; Yalta

vada_fotimia@inbox.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4727-2703СтаматидиВ. Ю.StamatidiV. Yu.

Владимир Юрьевич Стаматиди, младший научный сотрудник

298600; ул. Кирова, 31; Республика Крым; Ялта

Vladimir Yu. Stamatidi, Associate Researcher

298600; 31 Kirova St.; Republic of Crimea; Yalta

stamatidi777@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-9526-4153ПоповаМ. С.PopovaM. S.

Марина Сергеевна Попова, младший научный сотрудник

298600; ул. Кирова, 31; Республика Крым; Ялта

Marina S. Popova, Associate Researcher

298600; 31 Kirova St.; Republic of Crimea; Yalta

darlik@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8799-1163ВолынкинВ. А.VolynkinV. A.

Владимир Александрович Волынкин, доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник

298600; ул. Кирова, 31; Республика Крым; Ялта

Vladimir A. Volynkin, Dr. Sci. (Agriculture), Professor, Chief Researcher

298600; 31 Kirova St.; Republic of Crimea; Yalta

volynkin@magarach-institut.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3879-0485ЛиховскойВ. В.LlikhovskoiV. V.

Владимир Владимирович Лиховской, доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, директор

298600; ул. Кирова, 31; Республика Крым; Ялта

Vladimir V. Likhovskoi, Dr. Sci. (Agriculture), Director

298600; 31 Kirova St.; Republic of Crimea; Yalta

lihovskoy@gmail.comВсероссийский национальный научно-исследовательский институт виноградарства и виноделия «Магарач» Российской академии наукРоссияAll-Russian National Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking “Magarach” of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation20241807202418526981Copyright © Нилов Н.Г., Рыфф И.И., Березовская С.П., Стаматиди В.Ю., Попова М.С., Волынкин В.А., Лиховской В.В., 20242024Нилов Н.Г., Рыфф И.И., Березовская С.П., Стаматиди В.Ю., Попова М.С., Волынкин В.А., Лиховской В.В.Nilov N.G., Ryff I.I., Berezovskaya S.P., Stamatidi V.Y., Popova M.S., Volynkin V.A., Llikhovskoi V.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/1966   Актуальность

   Актуальность. Солевой стресс вызывает уменьшение поступления воды и ионный дисбаланс; на этом фоне происходит снижение роста, функциональной активности и продуктивности растений. Различный уровень засоления в полевых условиях затрудняет выбор солеустойчивых сортов, в связи с чем возникает необходимость в других методах испытаний.

   Материалы и методы

   Материалы и методы. Исследованы два корнесобственных растения винограда вида Vitis vinifera (L.): сорт ‘Асма’ и гибрид М. № 8-08-8-4 (‘Кок Пандас’ × ‘Зейбель 6357’). Солевой стресс моделировали введением NaCl в концентрациях 0, 50, 80, 100 и 120 мМ. Водный режим измеряли по методу водного потенциала листьев (Ψ) с использованием камеры давления. Изменения площади листьев и общей длины корня определяли in vitro.

   Результаты

   Результаты. Солевой стресс повлиял на ростовые характеристики и урожай обоих корнесобственных генотипов винограда, но гибрид М. № 8-08-8-4 оказался более чувствительным. Снижение урожая было больше у гибрида М. № 8-08-8-4 (38,6 %) по сравнению с сортом ‘Асма’ (28,4 %), а массовая концентрация сахаров у сорта ‘Асма’ была выше. Наибольшие различия в предрассветном водном потенциале листьев у сорта ‘Асма’ и гибрида М. № 8-08-8-4 наблюдались на 45-й день полива водой с разной концентрацией NaCl. В условиях in vitro у более устойчивого к засолению сорта длина корня сократилась в большей степени.

   Заключение

   Заключение. Функциональные способности сорта зависят от уровня засоления и генотипа. Сорт ‘Асма’ показал более высокую солеустойчивость по сравнению с гибридом М. № 8-08-8-4. Определены водные потенциалы листьев, характеризующие водный режим растений. У растений винограда, выращенных in vivo и in vitro, реакции на засоление совпадали, что свидетельствует о возможности тестирования на солеустойчивость in vitro.

   Background

   Background. Salt stress reduces water supply and causes ionic imbalance in the plant, eventually leading to a decrease in plant growth, functional activity, and productivity. Variable salinity levels in the field make it difficult to select salt-tolerant cultivars, so a need for other testing methods arises.

   Materials and methods

   Materials and methods. The plant material consisted of two own-rooted Vitis vinifera (L.) genotypes: cv. ‘Asma’, and hybrid M. No. 8-08-8-4 (‘Kok Pandas’ × ‘Zeibel 6357’). Salt stress was simulated by treating with NaCl at 0, 50, 80, 100, and 120 mM concentrations. Water status was measured by the leaf water potential (Ψ) using a pressure chamber. Changes in the leaf areaand total root length were assessed in vitro.

   Results

   Results. Salt stress affected growth characteristics and yield structure of both own-rooted vines, but hybrid M. No. 8-08-8-4 was more sensitive. The hybrid showed greater yield reduction (38.6 %) than cv. ‘Asma’ (28.4 %), while the mass concentration of sugars was higher in ‘Asma’. The greatest differences in the predawn leaf water potential were observed for ‘Asma’ and M. No. 8-08-8-4 on the 45th day of irrigation with water containing different NaCl concentrations. The root length of the more salt-tolerant cultivar reduced in vitro to a greater extent.

   Conclusion

   Conclusion. The functional abilities of a cultivar depend on the level of salinization and the genotype. Cv. ‘Asma’ demonstrated higher salt tolerance compared to hybrid M. No. 8-08-8-4. Leaf water potentials characterizing the water status of plants were measured. The responses to salinization were the same in the vines grown in vivo and in vitro, so it is possible to perform testing for salt tolerance in vitro.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.