vir-nwТруды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекцииProceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding2227-88342619-0982N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources10.30901/2227-8834-2024-1-161-171vir-nw-1875Research ArticleИДЕНТИФИКАЦИЯ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКОГО РАЗНООБРАЗИЯ КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙ ДЛЯ РЕШЕНИЯ ФУНДАМЕНТАЛЬНЫХ И ПРИКЛАДНЫХ ПРОБЛЕМIDENTIFICATION OF THE DIVERSITY OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVES FOR SOLVING FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED PROBLEMSЭффективность ISSR-маркеров для выявления вариабельности генома образцов проса посевного (Panicum miliaceum L.)Effectiveness of ISSR markers for detecting genomic variability in Panicum miliaceum L. accessionshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1239-3641АрхестоваД. Х.ArkhestovaD. Kh.

Дженет Хазреталиевна Архестова, младший научный сотрудник, 360002 Нальчик, ул. Балкарова, 2;

научный сотрудник, 360004 Нальчик, ул. Кирова, 224

Dzhenet Kh. Arkhestova, Associate Researcher, 2 Balkarova St., Nalchik 360002;

Researcher, 224 Kirova St., Nalchik 360004

khavpacheva.dzhenet@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-4104-4349ЯхутловаА. А.YakhutlovaA. A.

Алена Аслановна Яхутлова, младший научный сотрудник,

360004 Нальчик, ул. Кирова, 224

Alena A. Yakhutlova, Associate Researcher,

224 Kirova St., Nalchik 360004

alena.khakunova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5187-3229ХаудовА. Д.KhaudovA. D.

Алий-Бек Данильбекович Хаудов, научный сотрудник, 360002 Нальчик, ул. Балкарова, 2;

научный сотрудник, 360004 Нальчик, ул. Кирова, 224

Aliy-beсk D. Khaudov, Researcher, 2 Balkarova St., Nalchik 360002;

Researcher, branch of the KBSC RAS, 224 Kirova St., Nalchik 360004

aliy-beck@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2352-8057СокуроваЛ. Х.SokurovaL. Kh.

Лариса Хасеновна Сокурова, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник,

360004 Нальчик, ул. Кирова, 224

Larisa Kh. Sokurova, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher, 

224 Kirova St., Nalchik 360004

kbniish2007@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5069-7390КулеминаТ. В.KuleminaT. V.

Татьяна Владимировна Кулемина, младший научный сотрудник,

190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44

Tatiana V. Kulemina, Associate Researcher, 

42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000

kkku@ya.ruКабардино-Балкарский научный центр Российской академии наук; Кабардино-Балкарский научный центр Российской академии наук, Институт сельского хозяйстваРоссияKabardin-Balkar Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Kabardin-Balkar Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of AgricultureRussian FederationКабардино-Балкарский научный центр Российской академии наук, Институт сельского хозяйстваРоссияKabardin-Balkar Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of AgricultureRussian FederationФедеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. ВавиловаРоссияN.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic ResourcesRussian Federation2024030520241851161171Copyright © Архестова Д.Х., Яхутлова А.А., Хаудов А.Д., Сокурова Л.Х., Кулемина Т.В., 20242024Архестова Д.Х., Яхутлова А.А., Хаудов А.Д., Сокурова Л.Х., Кулемина Т.В.Arkhestova D.K., Yakhutlova A.A., Khaudov A.D., Sokurova L.K., Kulemina T.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/1875Актуальность

Актуальность. Просо посевное – одна из основных зерновых культур с широким ареалом возделывания. За последнее десятилетие наблюдается значительный рост потребления проса и продуктов его переработки. Как следствие, становится актуальной селекция сортов с высокими потребительскими свойствами, что требует знания генетического разнообразия образцов для выявления доноров хозяйственно ценных признаков и подбора родительских форм с помощью ISSR-маркеров.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Проанализировали 21 образец Panicum miliaceum L. коллекции ВИР из разных мест происхождения с использованием восьми ISSR-праймеров. Выделили ДНК каждого образца СТАВ-методом, провели ISSR-анализ в термоциклере BioRad T100 Thermal Cycler. Статистическую обработку выполнили в программе DARwin (версия 6.0.21).

Результаты и заключение

Результаты и заключение. С помощью восьми праймеров было проамплифицировано 116 фрагментов, 62 (53,4%) из них оказались полиморфными. Для оценки эффективности анализируемых праймеров и выявления полиморфизма проса рассчитали основные показатели их информативности, которые оценивали расчетом четырех маркерных параметров. Для большинства ISSR-праймеров были получены средние значения PIC (0,27–0,36); EMR – 1,38–14,5; МI – 0,12–4,87. Четыре ISSR-праймера обладали высокими значениями Rp (3,52–6,76) и были наиболее информативными для генотипирования. Отобранные ISSR-маркеры использовали для оценки генетической изменчивости образцов и их идентификации. Значения генетических расстояний (GD) составили 0,05–0,21. Было показано, что четыре ISSR-маркера с наилучшими значениями информативности обеспечивают достаточный полиморфизм для оценки генетического разнообразия анализируемых генотипов P. miliaceum и могут быть рекомендованы для выявления вариабельности генома образцов проса.

Background

Background. Millet is one of the main cereal crops with a wide area of cultivation. Over the past decade, there has been a significant increase in the consumption of millet and its processed products. As a result, the breeding of cultivars with high consumer properties is becoming relevant, requiring knowledge of the genetic diversity of germplasm accessions to identify donors of valuable agronomic traits and select parental forms using ISSR markers.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. The analysis with 8 ISSR primers included 21 accessions of Panicum miliaceum L. of various origin from the VIR collection. The DNA of each accession was isolated by the CTAB method, and ISSR analysis was performed in a ­BioRad T100 Thermal Cycler. Statistical processing was made in the DARwin program (version 6.0.21).

Results and conclusion

Results and conclusion. Eight primers were used to amplify 116 fragments, 62 (53.4%) of which turned out to be polymorphic. To assess the effectiveness of the analyzed primers and identify the polymorphism of millet, basic indicators of their informativeness were calculated and assessed by quantifying four marker parameters. Average PIC (0.27–0.36), EMR (1.38–14.5) and MI (0.12–4.87) values were obtained for most ISSR primers. Four ISSR primers had high Rp values (3.52–6.76) and were the most informative for genotyping. The selected ISSR markers were used to assess the genetic variability of the accessions and identify them. The values of genetic distances (GD) were 0.05–0.21. It was shown that four ISSR markers with the best informativeness values provided sufficient polymorphism to assess the genetic diversity of the analyzed P. miliaceum genotypes and could be recommended for identification of the variability in the genome of millet accessions.

информативность праймеровамплификациягенетическое разнообразиегенотипированиеprimer informativenessamplificationgenetic diversitygenotypingработа выполнена в рамках государственного задания согласно тематическому плану КабардиноБалкарского научного центра РАН по теме НИР № FMEW-2022-0014 «Молекулярно-генетические технологии и традиционная селекция для получения новых сортов и линий с хозяйственно-значимыми характеристиками культурных растений и животных» и государственного задания согласно тематическому плану ВИР по проекту № FGEM-2022- 0009 «Структурирование и раскрытие потенциала наследственной изменчивости мировой коллекции зерновых и крупяных культур ВИР для развития оптимизированного генбанка и рационального использования в селекции и растениеводстве». 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.