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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2024-1-139-151</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-1873</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Аллельные различия ключевых генов биосинтеза беталаинов у контрастных по окраске корнеплода образцов свеклы столовой коллекции ВИР</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Allelic differences in the key genes of betalain biosynthesis in table beet accessions with contrasting root color from the VIR collection</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4565-1539</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александра Сергеевна Михайлова, младший научный сотрудник,</p><p>190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandra S. Mikhailova, Associate Researcher, </p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.mikhailova@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9967-7454</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколова</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolova</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Диана Викторовна Соколова, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник,</p><p>190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Diana V. Sokolova, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher,</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dianasokol@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1958-5008</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Швачко</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shvachko</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталия Альбертовна Швачко, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник,</p><p>190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia A. Shvachko, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher, </p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n.shvachko@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3274-7662</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виталий Сергеевич Попов, кандидат технических наук, старший научный сотрудник,</p><p>190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vitaliy S. Popov, Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Senior Researcher, </p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">popovitaly@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8470-8254</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хлесткина</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khlestkina</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Константиновна Хлесткина, доктор биологических наук, профессор РАН, директор, 190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44;</p><p>руководитель направления «Биология и биотехнология растений», 354340 Краснодарский край, федеральная территория «Сириус», пгт. Сириус, Олимпийский пр., 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena K. Khlestkina, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor of the RAS, Director, 42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000;</p><p>Plant Biology and Biotechnology Research Manager, 1 Olimpiysky Ave., Sirius Settlem., Sirius Federal Territory, Krasnodar Territory 354340</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">director@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова;&#13;
Научно-технологический университет «Сириус», Центр генетики и наук о жизни</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources;&#13;
Sirius University of Science and Technology, Research Center of Genetics and Life Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>185</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>139</fpage><lpage>151</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Михайлова А.С., Соколова Д.В., Швачко Н.А., Попов В.С., Хлесткина Е.К., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Михайлова А.С., Соколова Д.В., Швачко Н.А., Попов В.С., Хлесткина Е.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mikhailova A.S., Sokolova D.V., Shvachko N.A., Popov V.S., Khlestkina E.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/1873">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/1873</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Свекла столовая (Beta vulgaris L.) – основной источник важнейшего натурального красителя бетанина. Ряд предприятий вынуждены импортировать зарубежные красители ввиду недостаточных запасов отечественного растительного сырья. В связи с этим особую актуальность приобретает создание сортов с повышенным содержанием беталаиновых пигментов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен скрининг аллельных различий ключевых генов биосинтеза беталаинов у контрастных по окраске корнеплода образцов свеклы столовой из коллекции ВИР по методу Сэнгера.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Нами впервые была выявлена нонсенс-мутация в гене CYP76AD1 у образца сорта ‘Сердолик’ с желтой окраской мякоти корнеплода, приводящая к усечению функционального домена Р450, а также ряд миссенс-мутаций у образца ‘Аваланч’ в первом экзоне гена BvDODA1, вероятно, ассоциированных с проявлением неокрашенного фенотипа. В ходе анализа in silico, на основании последовательности аннотированного ранее в хромосоме 9 гена CYP76AD5, вблизи него идентифицированы еще две тандемно дуплицированные высокогомологичные копии CYP76AD5.1 и CYP76AD5.3, которые, по предварительной оценке, вместе с геном CYP76AD6 являются наиболее подходящими генами-мишенями для нокаута.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Используя сформированную ранее группу высокобетаниновых образцов свеклы столовой и выявленные нами закономерности, возможно выбрать наиболее подходящие образцы для дальнейшего редактирования. Кроме того, обнаруженные в настоящем исследовании аллельные различия ключевых генов биосинтеза беталаинов будут полезны при конструировании молекулярных маркеров для ускоренного отбора форм свеклы столовой с заданными свойствами.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Table beet (Beta vulgaris L.) contains a great amount of naturally red-colored betanins. A number of enterprises are forced to import foreign dyes because the reserves of domestic plant raw materials are insufficient. With this in view, the development of cultivars with high betalain pigment content is now required.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Allelic differences were screened in the key genes of the betalain biosynthesis pathway among table beet accessions with various root color from the VIR collection using the Sanger DNA sequencing method.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. For the first time we identified a nonsense mutation in the CYP76AD1 gene in cv. ‘Serdolik’ with yellow flesh; it led to the truncation of the functional P450 domain. We suggested that the detected polymorphism correlated with phenotypic switching because the well-known role of CYP76AD1 was essential for the red betalain accumulation. Moreover, a number of missense mutations in cv. ‘Avalanche’ in the first exon of the BvDODA1 gene were found. These mutations were probably associated with the expression of the uncolored phenotype. An in silico analysis revealed highly homologous copies of CYP76AD5, located tandemly on chromosome 9. Attention should be paid to these copies, together with the CYP76AD6 gene, as they seem the most preferable targets for a knockout to increase the red pigment content.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. It is possible to identify the best table beet accessions for further genome editing among a previously selected high-betanin group. In addition, this study revealed the allelic differences in the key genes of the betalain biosynthesis pathway. These results will be useful for the development of DNA molecular markers to facilitate the selection of table beet forms with required properties.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Beta vulgaris L.</kwd><kwd>гены семейства цитохром Р450</kwd><kwd>BvDODA1</kwd><kwd>BvMYB1</kwd><kwd>бетацианины</kwd><kwd>бетаксантины</kwd><kwd>окраска мякоти корнеплода</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Beta vulgaris  L.</kwd><kwd>genes of the cytochrome P450 family</kwd><kwd>BvDODA1</kwd><kwd>BvMYB1</kwd><kwd>betacyanins</kwd><kwd>betaxanthins</kwd><kwd>root flesh color</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке проекта Российского научного фонда № 21-66-00012 «Создание с использованием генетических технологий и изучение новых линий растений, адаптированных к меняющимся условиям окружающей среды, обладающих повышенной продуктивностью и диетической ценностью». Авторы благодарят рецензентов за их вклад в экспертную оценку этой работы.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">this research was supported by the Russian Science Foundation under Project No. 21-66-00012 “The development with genetic technologies and the study of new plant lines adapted to changing environmental conditions, with increased productivity and dietary value”. The authors thank the reviewers for their contribution to the peer review of this work.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bastos E.L., Schliemann W. Betalains as antioxidants. In: H.M. Ekiert, K.G. Ramawat, J. Arora (eds). Plant Antioxidants and Health. Reference Series in Phytochemistry. Cham: Springer; 2022. p.51-93. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-78160-6_9</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bastos E.L., Schliemann W. Betalains as antioxidants. 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