vir-nwТруды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекцииProceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding2227-88342619-0982N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources10.30901/2227-8834-2023-4-241-250vir-nw-1747Research ArticleОБЗОРЫSURVEYSГенетические основы компактных форм у бахчевых культурGenetic bases of compact forms among cucurbit cropshttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-8881-8791ИноземцеваА. В.InozemtsevaA. V.

Анастасия Вадимовна Иноземцева, аспирант, младший научный сотрудник

190000, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44

Anastasiia V. Inozemtseva, Postgraduate Student, Associate Researcher

42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000

a.inozemtseva@vir.nw.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9735-8700ЕлацковаА. Г.ElatskovaA. G.

Анна Генриховна Елацкова, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, старший научный сотрудник

352183, Краснодарский край, п. Ботаника, ул. Центральная, 2

Anna G. Elatskova, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Senior Researcher

2 Tsentralnaya St., Krasnodar 352183

elatskova.a@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8470-8254ХлесткинаЕ. К.KhlestkinaE. K.

Елена Константиновна Хлесткина, доктор биологических наук, профессор РАН, директор ВИР;  руководитель направления «Биология и биотехнология растений», Университет «Сириус», Научный центр генетики и наук о жизни

190000, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44; 

354340, Краснодарский край , Сочи, федеральная территория «Сириус», пгт. Сириус, Олимпийский пр., 1

Elena K. Khlestkina, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Professor of the RAS, Director VIR; Plant Biology and Biotechnology Research Manager, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Research Center of Genetics and Life Sciences

42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000;

1 Olimpiysky Ave., Sirius Settlem., Sirius Federal Territory, Sochi, Krasnodar Territory 354340

director@vir.nw.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1958-5008ШвачкоН. А.ShvachkoN. A.

Наталья Альбертовна Швачко, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник

190000, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44

Natalia A. Shvachko, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher

42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000

n.shvachko@vir.nw.ruФедеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. ВавиловаРоссияN.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic ResourcesRussian FederationФедеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова, Кубанская опытная станция – филиал ВИРРоссияN.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Kuban Experiment Station of VIRRussian FederationФедеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова ; Университет «Сириус», Научный центр генетики и наук о жизниРоссияN.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources ; Sirius University of Science and Technology, Research Center for Genetics and Life SciencesRussian Federation2023110120241844241250Copyright © Иноземцева А.В., Елацкова А.Г., Хлесткина Е.К., Швачко Н.А., 20242024Иноземцева А.В., Елацкова А.Г., Хлесткина Е.К., Швачко Н.А.Inozemtseva A.V., Elatskova A.G., Khlestkina E.K., Shvachko N.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/1747

Генетическая основа компактности у различных сельскохозяйственных культур является областью активных исследований в последние годы. Было выявлено несколько генов, мутации в которых приводят к появлению карликового фенотипа растений. Понимание функций этих генов и механизмов, лежащих в основе карликовости у бахчевых культур, необходимо для разработки новых сортов с повышенной урожайностью и качеством плодов. В настоящей работе приведены актуальные данные о генах, мутации в которых ассоциированы с появлением компактного фенотипа у бахчевых культур, перечислены примеры мутантных компактных фенотипов и связанных с ними генов у таких представителей семейства Cucurbitaceae, как тыква крупноплодная (Cucurbita maxima Duch.), тыква твердокорая (Cucurbita pepo L.), тыква мускатная (Cucurbita moschata Duch.), арбуз (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai), дыня (Cucumis melo L.). В работе представлены современные данные о генетической и молекулярной основах формирования компактного фенотипа, а также молекулярные маркеры для выявления известных генов, связанных с уменьшением размера габитуса растений.

The genetic base of compactness has been an area of active research in recent years, with several genes and mutations identified to be associated with the appearance of dwarf phenotypes. Understanding the functions of these genes and the underlying mechanisms of dwarfism in cucurbit crops is essential for developing new cultivars with improved yield and fruit quality. This study presents current data on genes and mutations associated with the evolvement of compact phenotypes in cucurbit crops. The review includes examples of mutant compact phenotypes and their associated genes in representatives of the Cucurbitaceae family, such as Cucurbita maxima Duch., Cucurbita pepo L., Cucurbita moschata Duch., Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai, and Cucumis melo L. The review provides up-to-date information on the genetic and molecular bases of compact phenotype formation, as well as molecular markers for detecting known genes associated with reduced plant size.

Cucurbitaceaeкомпактностькарликовостьмолекулярные маркерыCucurbitaceaedwarfismsemi-dwarfismmolecular markersСтатья выполнена при поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации в рамках договора № 075-15-2020-911 от 16.11.2020 о предоставлении гранта в виде субсидии из федерального бюджета Российской Федерации. Грант предоставлен для государственной поддержки создания и развития Научного центра мирового уровня «Агротехнологии будущего». Авторы благодарят рецензентов за их вклад в экспертную оценку этой работы.This review article was prepared with the support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation under Agreement No. 075-15-2020-911 dated Nov. 16, 2020, on providing a grant in the form of subsidies from the Federal Budget of the Russian Federation. The grant was provided for governmental support of the establishment and development of the World-Class Scientific Center “Agrotechnologies for the Future”. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.