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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2023-4-205-214</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-1742</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИММУНИТЕТ КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>IMMUNITY OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Устойчивость стародавней озимой мягкой пшеницы к желтой пятнистости</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Resistance of old winter bread wheat landraces to tan spot</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3383-2973</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мироненко</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mironenko</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нина Васильевна Мироненко, доктор биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник </p><p>196608, Санкт-Петербург, Пушкин, ш. Подбельского, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nina V. Mironenko, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher </p><p>3 Podbelskogo Hwy., Pushkin, St. Petersburg  </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nina2601mir@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9577-8816</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коваленко</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalenko</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Надежда Михайловна Коваленко, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник </p><p>196608, Санкт-Петербург, Пушкин, ш. Подбельского, 3 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda M. Kovalenko, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher </p><p>3 Podbelskogo Hwy., Pushkin, St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nadyakov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9439-2102</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баранова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baranova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Александровна Баранова, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник </p><p>196608, Санкт-Петербург, Пушкин, ш. Подбельского, 3 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Baranova, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher </p><p>3 Podbelskogo Hwy., Pushkin, St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baranova_oa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9171-2964</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митрофанова</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitrofanova</surname><given-names>O. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Павловна Митрофанова, доктор биологических наук, главный научный сотрудник </p><p>196608, Санкт-Петербург, Пушкин, ш. Подбельского, 3 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga P. Mitrofanova, Dr. Sci. (Biology), Chief Researcher </p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o.mitrofanova@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт защиты растений</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>184</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>205</fpage><lpage>214</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мироненко Н.В., Коваленко Н.М., Баранова О.А., Митрофанова О.П., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мироненко Н.В., Коваленко Н.М., Баранова О.А., Митрофанова О.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mironenko N.V., Kovalenko N.M., Baranova O.A., Mitrofanova O.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/1742">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/1742</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Наиболее эффективный и экологически безопасный способ борьбы с болезнями пшеницы – создание устойчивых сортов к их возбудителям. Для этого часто используют генофонд стародавних сортов (landraces) как источников генетического разнообразия важных для селекции признаков. В процессе селекции пшеницы на устойчивость к возбудителю желтой пятнистости Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechs. (сокращенно Ptr) проводят отбор против доминантного аллеля Tsn1 - гена чувствительности к некроз-индуцирующему токсину Ptr ToxA, основному фактору патогенности Ptr, контролируемому геном ToxA. Цели исследования – охарактеризовать выборку образцов стародавней озимой мягкой пшеницы (Triticum aestivum L.) из коллекции ВИР по устойчивости к различным популяциям Ptr, генотипировать образцы с использованием ДНК-маркера Xfcp623 гена Tsn1, выявить источники устойчивости к желтой пятнистости.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Изучено 67 образцов стародавней озимой мягкой пшеницы. Ювенильную устойчивость образцов к двум популяциям Ptr оценивали с использованием принятой в ВИЗР пятибалльной шкалы. Аллельное состояние Tsn1 идентифицировали методом ПЦР.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Доминантные аллели Tsn1 обнаружены у 55% изученных образцов. Устойчивыми или умеренно устойчивыми к двум популяциям Ptr и ранее использованному для их характеристики изоляту из Краснодарского края были 17 образцов. Из них девять – с генотипом tsn1tsn1, восемь – Tsn1Tsn1, в основном относящиеся к агроэкологическим группам, предложенным Н. И. Вавиловым: «степная мягкая озимая пшеница (банатки)», «североевропейские лесные безостые мягкие пшеницы (сандомирки)» и «озимая горная мягкая кавказская пшеница».</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Выделенные 17 образцов, устойчивых к Ptr, являются источниками устойчивости к этому патогену. На исследованной выборке образцов не выявлено достоверной связи между аллельным состоянием гена Tsn1 у образца и его реакцией в ответ на заражение популяциями патогена, включающими изоляты с геном ToxA.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The most effective and environmentally safe way to combat wheat diseases is to produce cultivars resistant to their pathogens. For this purpose, old landraces are often used as genetically diverse sources of traits important for breeding. In the process of wheat breeding for resistance to tan spot caused by the fungus Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechs. (abbr. Ptr), selection is carried out against the dominant allele of Tsn1, the gene of sensitivity to the toxin Ptr ToxA, which induces necrosis and represents the main pathogenicity factor of Ptr controlled by the ToxA gene. The aim of the study was to characterize a set of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) accessions from the VIR collection for resistance to various Ptr populations, genotype these accessions using Xfcp623 – a DNA marker of the Tsn1 gene, and identify sources of tan spot resistance.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Sixty-seven accessions of winter bread wheat landraces were studied. Seedling resistance to two Ptr populations was assessed using a 5-point scale adopted at VIZR. The allelic state of Tsn1 was identified by PCR.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Dominant alleles of Tsn1 were found for 55% of the studied accessions. Seventeen accessions were resistant or moderately resistant to two Ptr populations and an isolate from Krasnodar Territory previously used for their characterization. Nine of them had the tsn1tsn1 genotype, and 8 had Tsn1Tsn1. The accessions mainly belonged to three agroecological groups proposed by N. I. Vavilov: “steppe winter bread wheat (Banatka wheats)”, “North European forest awnless bread wheats (Sandomirka wheats)”, and “Caucasian mountain winter bread wheat”.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The identified 17 accessions resistant to Ptr are potential breeding sources of resistance. In the studied set of accessions, no significant relationship was found between the allelic state of the Tsn1 gene in the accession and its response to the infection with pathogen populations, including isolates with the ToxA gene.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коллекция генетических ресурсов растений ВИР</kwd><kwd>агроэкологическая группа</kwd><kwd>образец</kwd><kwd>Pyrenophora tritici-repentis</kwd><kwd>популяции патогена</kwd><kwd>Tsn1</kwd><kwd>ToxA</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>VIR plant genetic resources collection</kwd><kwd>agroecological group</kwd><kwd>accession</kwd><kwd>Pyrenophora tritici-repentis</kwd><kwd>pathogen populations</kwd><kwd>Tsn1</kwd><kwd>ToxA</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственных заданий по тематическим планам: ВИЗР, проект FGEU- 2022-0009 «Формирование научного задела для долгосрочного обеспечения эффективной генетической защиты растений от вредных организмов, способствующей предотвращению развития эпифитотий и пандемий и отвечающей требованиям экологической безопасности»; ВИР, проект № FGEM-2022-0009 «Структурирование и раскрытие потенциала наследственной изменчивости мировой коллекции зерновых и крупяных культур ВИР для развития оптимизированного генбанка и рационального использования в селекции и растениеводстве».  Авторы благодарят рецензентов за их вклад в экспертную оценку этой работы.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was carried out within the framework of the state tasks according to the thematic plans: VIZR, Project FGEU-2022-0009 “Formation of scientific groundwork for the long-term provision of effective genetic protection of plants from harmful organisms, contributing to the prevention of the development of epiphytotics and pandemics and meeting the requirements of environmental safety”; VIR, Project No. FGEM-2022-0009 “Structuring and disclosing the potential of hereditary variation in the global collection of cereal and groat crops at VIR for the development of an optimized genebank and its sustainable utilization in plant breeding and crop production”.  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