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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2023-3-90-104</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-1655</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОЛЛЕКЦИИ МИРОВЫХ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ РЕСУРСОВ КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ ДЛЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ПРИОРИТЕТНЫХ НАПРАВЛЕНИЙ СЕЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COLLECTIONS OF THE WORLD’S CROP GENETIC RESOURCES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRIORITY PLANT BREEDING TRENDS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фенологическая оценка скороспелых образцов сои (Glycine  max (L.) Merr.) в условиях Московской области</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Phenological assessment of early-maturing soybean accessions (Glycine max  (L.) Merr.) under the conditions of Moscow Province</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3285-8186</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Власова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vlasova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Викторовна Власова, кандидат биологических наук, заведующая лабораторией</p><p>115598 Москва, ул. Загорьевская, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Vlasova, Cand. Sci (Biology), Head of a Laboratory</p><p>4 Zagorevskaya St., Moscow, 115598</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stevlas@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4948-3627</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбунова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbunova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Владимировна Горбунова, младший научный сотрудник</p><p>115598 Москва, ул. Загорьевская, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia V. Gorbunova, Associate Researcher</p><p>4 Zagorevskaya St., Moscow, 115598</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">u.v.gorbunova@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3308-9198</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сеферова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Seferova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Владимировна Сеферова, кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Seferova, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.seferova@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный селекционно-технологический центр садоводства и питомниководства</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Horticultural Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>184</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>90</fpage><lpage>104</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Власова Е.В., Горбунова Ю.В., Сеферова И.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Власова Е.В., Горбунова Ю.В., Сеферова И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vlasova E.V., Gorbunova Y.V., Seferova I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/1655">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/1655</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Сортимент скороспелых сортов, пригодных для выращивания в Нечерноземной зоне РФ, крайне ограничен. Основным методом отбора источников скороспелости для сельскохозяйственного производства и селекционных программ является оценка генофонда в требуемых условиях.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Объектом исследования служили образцы сои из коллекции ВИР (81 образец), охарактеризованные как раннеспелые в условиях Северо-Запада РФ. Исследования проводили в 2018–2020 гг. в условиях полевого опыта в Московской области РФ. Максимальные значения суммы активных температур выше 10°C за вегетационный период варьировали от 1642 до 2189°C.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Дана оценка образцов по средней продолжительности межфазных периодов: «всходы – цветение» (37– 53 дня), «цветение – созревание» (50–85 дней) и «всходы – созревание» (81–130 дней). Крайние даты созревания образцов наблюдали 20 августа – 05 октября, максимальная длина периода от всходов до созревания составляла 93–139 дней. Большая часть изученных образцов характеризовалось коротким периодом «всходы – цветение». Различия между образцами по продолжительности вегетационного периода были обусловлены преимущественно разной длительностью периода «цветение – созревание».</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Погодные условия в средней полосе России позволяют стабильно получать урожай семян сои при их созревании не позднее I декады сентября. 32 образца из селекционных учреждений РФ, Беларуси, Польши, Германии, Швеции и США удовлетворяли этому условию в течение трех лет наблюдений. Выделенные образцы характеризовались коротким периодом «всходы – цветение» (37–48 дней) и продолжительностью периода «цветение – созревание» 50–66 дней. Они могут быть использованы в качестве источников скороспелости в селекции сои.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The range of early-maturing cultivars suitable for the Non-Black-Earth Zone of the Russian Federation (RF) is extremely limited. The main method of finding sources of earliness for crop production and breeding is the evaluation of the gene pool under the required conditions.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The objects of the study were 81 soybean accessions from the VIR collection, precharacterized as early-ripening under the conditions of Northwest Russia. The studies were carried out in 2018–2020 as field trials under the conditions of Moscow Province.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Soybean accessions were characterized by the duration of the emergence-to-flowering (37–53 days), flowering-to-ripening (50–85 days) and emergence-to-ripening (81–130 days) periods. The extreme ripening dates for the accessions were observed from August 20 to October 5, while the maximum duration from emergence to ripening was from 93 to 139 days. The highest sum of active temperatures above 10°C for a growing season ranged from 1642 to 2189°C. Most of the studied accessions were characterized by a short emergence-to-flowering period. Therefore, the differences among accessions in the duration of the growing season were mainly due to the different lengths of their flowering-to-ripening period.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Soybean seeds should ripen no later than the first 10 days of September for a stable harvest under the weather conditions of the Russian Non-Black-Earth Zone. There were 32 accessions from breeding centers of the RF, Belarus, Poland, Germany, Sweden, and the U.S. that met these requirements during the three years of observations. The selected accessions demonstrated a short emergence-to-flowering period of 37–48 days, and the length of their flowering-to-ripening period of 50–66 days, on average for three years. They can be used as sources of earliness in soybean breeding.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сорт</kwd><kwd>скороспелость</kwd><kwd>продолжительность вегетационного периода</kwd><kwd>фенология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cultivar</kwd><kwd>early-ripening</kwd><kwd>growing season duration</kwd><kwd>phenology</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках реализации государственных заданий ФГБНУ ФНЦ Садоводства № 04322021-0003 «Сохранить, пополнить, изучить генетические коллекции сельскохозяйственных растений и создать репозитории плодовых и ягодных культур, заложенные свободными от вредоносных вирусов растениями» и ВИР по проекту № FGEM-2022-0002 «Выявление возможностей генофонда бобовых культур для оптимизации их селекции и диверсификации использования в различных отраслях народного хозяйства». Авторы благодарят рецензентов за их вклад в экспертную оценку этой работы.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out within the framework of the state tasks assigned to the Federal Horticultural Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery, No. 0432-2021-0003 “Preserve, replenish, and study genetic collections of agricultural plants and establish repositories of fruit and berry crops planted free of viruses”, and the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), No. FGEM-2022-0002 “Identifying possibilities in the genetic diversity of leguminous crops to optimize their breeding and diversify uses in various sectors of the national economy”. 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