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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2023-2-101-111</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-1583</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОЛЛЕКЦИИ МИРОВЫХ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ РЕСУРСОВ КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ ДЛЯ РАЗВИТИЯ ПРИОРИТЕТНЫХ НАПРАВЛЕНИЙ СЕЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COLLECTIONS OF THE WORLD’S CROP GENETIC RESOURCES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRIORITY PLANT BREEDING TRENDS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Биологические особенности фенологических фаз «начало вегетации» и «начало цветения» у диплоидных видов сливы в условиях Северо-Запада России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Biological features of the vegetative and flowering phenophase onsets among diploid plum species in Northwestern Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1712-2018</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Радченко</surname><given-names>О. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Radchenko</surname><given-names>O. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Емельяновна Радченко, научный сотрудник, ВИР</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga E. Radchenko, Researcher</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000 Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o.radchenko@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4051-3671</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>Л. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>L. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Любовь Юрьевна Новикова, доктор сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, заведующая отделом,  ВИР</p><p>190000 Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Liubov Yu. Novikova, Dr. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher, Head of a Department</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000 Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">l.novikova@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>184</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>101</fpage><lpage>111</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Радченко О.Е., Новикова Л.Ю., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Радченко О.Е., Новикова Л.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Radchenko O.E., Novikova L.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/1583">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/1583</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>   Актуальность</title><p>   Актуальность. Мониторинг фенологических ритмов растений – один из этапов при изучении новых генотипов, поскольку климат региона выступает лимитирующим фактором при развитии растений. Адаптационный потенциал генотипа на северной границе ареала сливы является основным критерием в характеристике сорта. Основное значение в формировании сортимента диплоидных видов сливы в России имеют алыча, слива русская и слива китайская.</p><p>   Целью данного исследования является определение факторов, влияющих на даты начала вегетационного периода и цветения диплоидных видов сливы в условиях Северо-Запада России.</p></sec><sec><title>   Материалы и методы</title><p>   Материалы и методы. Материалом исследований служили даты начала вегетации и цветения 50 образцов алычи, сливы русской и сливы китайской в период 1986–2020 гг., а также суточные данные метеопункта научно-производственной базы (НПБ) «Пушкинские и Павловские лаборатории ВИР». Контролем являлся сорт сливы русской ‘Подарок Санкт-Петербургу’. Статистическая обработка проведена в пакете Statistica 13.3.</p><p>   Результаты и заключение. У изучаемых видов сливы наблюдалась тенденция смещения фенологических дат на более ранние сроки со средней скоростью 1-2 суток/10 лет, вызванная потеплением. Наибольшее влияние на сроки начала фенофаз оказали метеоусловия года, они обусловили 67,0–68,3 % вариабельности дат; влияние вида было на порядок меньше – 0,5–1,1 %. Установлено, что слива русская занимает промежуточное положение между алычой и сливой китайской по дате начала вегетации и по дате цветения. Различий между видами по длительности периода от начала вегетации до начала цветения не наблюдали. Наиболее адаптивными к условиям региона в весенний период были образцы сливы русской ‘Подарок Санкт-Петербургу’ (к-41445), ‘14-I-14’ (к-7375А), а также алычи ‘Пчельниковская’ (к-41446) и ‘Красная 25-29’ (к-15792А) средних сроков начала вегетации и цветения, с разницей 20 суток в сроках весенних фенофаз по годам.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>   Background</title><p>   Background. Monitoring of phenological rhythms in plants is one of the stages in the study of new genotypes. The adaptive potential of a genotype at the northern border of the area of plum distribution is the main criterion characterizing a cultivar. The main role in the formation of the assortment of diploid plum species in Russia is played by cherry plum, Chinese plum, and Russian plum.</p><p>   The goal of this study was to identify the factors affecting the dates of the growing season and flowering onsets for diploid plums under the conditions of Northwestern Russia.</p></sec><sec><title>   Materials and methods</title><p>   Materials and methods. The dates of the onsets of the vegetative and flowering phases in 50 accessions of cherry, Russian and Chinese plums in 1986–2020 served as the material for the study under the conditions of collection plantations at Pushkin and Pavlovsk Laboratories of VIR.</p><p>   Results and conclusion. All the species demonstrated a tendency towards a shift of phenodates to earlier dates with an average rate of 1-2 days/10 years caused by warming. The conditions of the year had the greatest effect on phenodates, as they determined 67.0–68.3 % of the variability in the phenophase onset dates; the impact of the species factor was manifold less: 0.5–1.1 %. Russian plum occupied an intermediate position between cherry plum and Chinese plum in the onsets of both the vegetative and flowering phases. No differences were observed between the species in the duration of the period between the onsets of the vegetative phase and flowering. According to the long-term observations, the most adaptive cultivars were cv. ‘Podarok Sankt-Peterburgu’ (k-41445) of Russian plum, with medium dates of both the vegetative and flowering phase onsets, and with a 20-day difference in years in the onsets of these phases, cv. ‘14-1-14’ (k-7375А) of Russian plum, and cherry plum cvs. ‘Pchelnikovskaya’ (k-41446) and ‘Krasnaya 25-29’ (k-15792А).</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>алыча</kwd><kwd>слива русская</kwd><kwd>слива китайская</kwd><kwd>межфазный период</kwd><kwd>суммы температур</kwd><kwd>изменение климата</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cherry plum</kwd><kwd>Russian plum</kwd><kwd>Chinese plum</kwd><kwd>interphase period</kwd><kwd>sum of temperatures</kwd><kwd>climate change</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания согласно тематическому плану ВИР по проекту № FGEM-2022-0004 «Совершенствование подходов и методов &lt;i&gt;ex situ&lt;/i&gt;  сохранения идентифицированного генофонда вегетативно размножаемых культур и их диких родичей, разработка технологий их эффективного использования в селекции». Авторы благодарят рецензентов за их вклад в экспертную оценку этой работы</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was performed within the framework of the state tasks according to the theme plan of VIR, Project No. FGEM-2022-0004 “Improving the approaches and methods for &lt;i&gt;ex situ&lt;/i&gt; conservation of the identified genetic diversity of vegetatively propagated crops and their wild relatives, and development of technologies for their effective utilization in plant breeding”. The authors thank the reviewers for their contribution to the peer review of this work</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cara Donna P.J., Iler A.M., Inouye D.W. Shifts in flowering phenology reshape of a subalpine plant community. 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