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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2023-2-29-37</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-1577</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИЗУЧЕНИЕ И ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ РЕСУРСОВ РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>STUDYING AND UTILIZATION OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Антиоксидантная активность ферментов в листьях груши в летний период</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antioxidant capacity in leaves of pear cultivars during the summer season</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8425-5216</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мишко</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mishko</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алиса Евгеньевна Мишко, кандидат биологических наук, научный сотрудник</p><p>350901 Россия, Краснодар, ул. 40 лет Победы, 39</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alisa E. Mishko, Cand. Sci. (Biology), Researcher</p><p>39 40 let Pobedy St., Krasnodar 350901, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mishko-alisa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0687-6471</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Можар</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mozhar</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нина Васильевна Можар, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, старший научный сотрудник</p><p>350901 Россия, Краснодар, ул. 40 лет Победы, 39</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nina V. Mozhar, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Senior Researcher</p><p>39 40 let Pobedy St., Krasnodar 350901, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mozhar49@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2238-8408</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клюкина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klyukina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Васильевна Клюкина, аспирант</p><p>350901 Россия, Краснодар, ул. 40 лет Победы, 39</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Klyukina, Postgraduate Student</p><p>39 40 let Pobedy St., Krasnodar 350901, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anna.klyukina.95@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1152-5091</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вялков</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vyalkov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вадим Валерьевич Вялков, аспирант</p><p>350901 Россия, Краснодар, ул. 40 лет Победы, 39</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim V. Vyalkov, Postgraduate Student</p><p>39 40 let Pobedy St., Krasnodar 350901, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">935346@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный центр садоводства, виноградарства, виноделия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Wine-making</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>184</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>37</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мишко А.Е., Можар Н.В., Клюкина А.В., Вялков В.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мишко А.Е., Можар Н.В., Клюкина А.В., Вялков В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mishko A.l., Mozhar N.V., Klyukina A.V., Vyalkov V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/1577">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/1577</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>   Актуальность</title><p>   Актуальность. В полевых условиях в течение летнего периода негативное воздействие на рост и развитие растений оказывают высокие температуры воздуха, дефицит влаги и повышенный уровень УФ-излучения. Данные стрессфакторы способны инициировать нарушение окислительно-восстановительного баланса в растительных клетках, что приводит к повышению уровня содержания активных форм кислорода, запускающих цепь окислительных реакций. Для сдерживания развития окислительного стресса растения активизируют антиоксидантную ферментативную систему защиты.</p></sec><sec><title>   Материалы и методы</title><p>   Материалы и методы. Исследования были проведены в летний период в южном регионе РФ на трех сортах груши – ‘Вильямс’, ‘Люберская’ и ‘Фламенко’. Активность основных антиоксидантных ферментов – полифенолоксидазы, супероксиддисмутазы, каталазы и пероксидазы – была определена в листьях.</p></sec><sec><title>   Результаты</title><p>   Результаты. Полученные данные показали, что для изученных сортов была характерна изменчивость в течение исследованного периода. Контрольный европейский сорт ‘Вильямс’ имел более низкий уровень активности ферментов в летний период 2021 г. по сравнению с отечественными сортами ‘Люберская’ и ‘Фламенко’. В 2022 г его показатели активности полифенолоксидазы и супероксиддисмутазы значительно превосходили значения сорта ‘Люберская’ только в начале лета.</p></sec><sec><title>   Заключение</title><p>   Заключение. Согласно представленным в работе результатам, в течение исследованного периода сорта груши проявили разные уровни активности ферментов, причем максимальный их рост и поддержание высоких показателей соответствовали наиболее жаркому и засушливому месяцу. Отечественные сорта характеризовались большей однородностью в динамике активности изученных ферментов по сравнению с европейским сортом ‘Вильямс’.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>   Background</title><p>   Background. In field conditions during the summer season, high temperatures, drought and increased levels of UV radiation produce a negative impact on plant growth and development. These stressors are capable of initiating oxidative processes in plant cells, causing an increase in the content of toxic reactive oxygen species. To stop the development of oxidative stress, plants activate their antioxidant enzyme system.</p></sec><sec><title>   Materials and methods</title><p>   Materials and methods. The study was carried out during the summer season in the southern region of Russia on three pear cultivars: ‘Williams’, ‘Lyuberskaya’, and ‘Flamenco’. The activity of the main enzymatic antioxidants – polyphenol oxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase; and peroxidase – was assessed in pear leaves.</p></sec><sec><title>   Results</title><p>   Results. The data obtained showed variability in the tested cultivars during the studied summer season. The control European cultivar ‘Williams’ had a lower level of enzyme activity in the summer of 2021, compared to the Russian cultivars ‘Lyuberskaya’ and ‘Flamenco’. In 2022, its activity indicators of polyphenol oxidase and superoxide dismutase significantly exceeded the values of cv. ‘Lyuberskaya’ only at the outset of the summer.</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusion</title><p>   Conclusion. According to the results of the study, the pear cultivars showed different levels of enzyme activity during the studied period, and their maximum growth and stable height corresponded to the warmest and driest month. The Russian cultivars demonstrated greater uniformity in the dynamics of their antioxidant activity. compared to the European cultivar ‘Williams’.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сорта</kwd><kwd>полифенолоксидаза</kwd><kwd>супероксиддисмутаза</kwd><kwd>каталаза</kwd><kwd>пероксидаза</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pear cultivars</kwd><kwd>polyphenol oxidase</kwd><kwd>superoxide dismutase</kwd><kwd>catalase</kwd><kwd>peroxidase</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет средств гранта Российского научного фонда и Кубанского научного фонда № 22-26-20072 (https://rscf.ru/project/22-26-20072/). Авторы благодарят рецензентов за их вклад в экспертную оценку этой работы</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This present work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation and Kuban Science Foundation, Grant No. 22-26-20072 (https://rscf.ru/project/22-26-20072/). 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