vir-nwТруды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекцииProceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding2227-88342619-0982N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources10.30901/2227-8834-2023-1-42-52vir-nw-1497Research ArticleИЗУЧЕНИЕ И ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ РЕСУРСОВ РАСТЕНИЙSTUDYING AND UTILIZATION OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCESМинеральный состав зерна линий мягкой пшеницы с интрогрессиями чужеродного генетического материалаMineral composition of bread wheat lines with introgressions of alien genetic materialhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1187-1317ОрловскаяО. А.OrlovskayaO. A.

кандидат  биологических наук, заместитель заведующего лабораторией

220072 Беларусь, Минск, ул. Академическая, 27

 Cand. Sci. (Biology), Deputy Head of a Laboratory 

 27 Akademicheskaya St., Minsk 220072, Belarus 

O.Orlovskaya@igc.byhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2242-7107ВакулаС. И.VakulaS. I.

кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник 

220072 Беларусь, Минск, ул. Академическая, 27

Cand. Sci. (Biology), Senior Researcher 

 27 Akademicheskaya St., Minsk 220072, Belarus 

svettera@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0295-5022ХотылеваЛ. В.KhotylevaL. V.

доктор биологических наук, главный научный сотрудник 

220072 Беларусь, Минск, ул. Академическая, 27

Dr. Sci. (Biology), Chief Researcher 

 27 Akademicheskaya St., Minsk 220072, Belarus 

lvkhotyleva@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0175-9786КильчевскийА. В.KilchevskyA. V.

доктор биологических наук, главный научный сотрудник 

220072 Беларусь, Минск, ул. Академическая, 27

Dr. Sci. (Biology), Chief Researcher 

27 Akademicheskaya St., Minsk 220072, Belarus 

Kilchev@presidium.bas-net.byИнститут генетики и цитологии Национальной академии наук БеларусиБеларусьInstitute of Genetics and Cytology of the National Academy of Sciences of BelarusBelarus20231904202318414252Copyright © Орловская О.А., Вакула С.И., Хотылева Л.В., Кильчевский А.В., 20232023Орловская О.А., Вакула С.И., Хотылева Л.В., Кильчевский А.В.Orlovskaya O.A., Vakula S.I., Khotyleva L.V., Kilchevsky A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/1497

Актуальность. Современные сорта мягкой пшеницы (Triticum aestivum L.), селекция которых велась в основном на увеличение продуктивности, часто имеют невысокую концентрацию минеральных элементов в зерне. Дикие и примитивные пшеницы отличаются большим генетическим разнообразием, в том числе по содержанию минералов в зерне, и могут использоваться для улучшения генофонда возделываемой пшеницы по этому признаку. Цель работы – изучение особенностей минерального состава зерна линий мягкой пшеницы с интрогрессиями генетического материала видов рода Triticum L.Материалы и методы. Исследовали родительские сорта яровой мягкой пшеницы, образцы тетраплоидных и гексаплоидных видов рода Triticum, а также 20 интрогрессивных линий, полученных с их участием в 2018 и 2020 г. Уровень накопления макро- (K, Р, Са, Mg) и микроэлементов (Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn) в зерне определяли методом атомно-эмиссионной спектрометрии с индуктивно связанной плазмой; общее содержание белка в зерне пшеницы – в соответствии с ГОСТ 10846-91. Статистическую обработку выполняли в программных пакетах Statistica 10.0 и MS Excel.Результаты и заключение. Содержание минералов в зерне привлеченных в скрещивания образцов видов рода Triticum было выше, чем у сортов T. aestivum (в среднем за два года от 1,02 до 2,13 раза в зависимости от элемента). У большинства линий с чужеродным генетическим материалом уровень накопления Zn, Fe, Cu, Mn превосходил исходные сорта мягкой пшеницы, а концентрация N, Р, Mg, K была ближе к значениям сорта. Установлена высокая статистическая значимость вклада генотипа, условий года и их взаимодействия в изменчивость содержания макро- и микроэлементов в зерне исследованных генотипов. Выделены линии со стабильно высокими показателями по минеральному составу зерна и продуктивности, которые представляют интерес для селекции пшеницы на качество зерна.

Background. Modern bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars developed mainly to increase productivity often contain low concentrations of minerals in their grain. Wild and primitive wheats demonstrate rich genetic diversity, including the content of minerals in the grain, and can be used to improve the wheat gene pool for this trait. The aim of this work was to study the mineral composition in the grain of bread wheat lines with introgressions of the genetic material from Triticum L. spp.Materials and methods. We studied parental spring bread wheat cultivars, accessions of tetraploid and hexaploid Triticum spp., and 20 introgressive lines obtained on their basis in 2018 and 2020. Concentrations of macro- (K, P, Ca, and Mg) and micronutrients (Zn, Fe, Cu, and Mn) were measured using atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma, and total protein content in wheat grain according to GOST 10846-91. The data were processed using the Statistica 10.0 and MS Excel software packages.Results and conclusion. The content of minerals in the grain of Triticum spp. was higher than in T. aestivum cultivars (the twoyear average difference was 1,02 to 2,13-fold, depending on the studied mineral). Most of the lines with alien genetic material exceeded their parent bread wheat cultivars in Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn content and came close to them in the levels of N, P, Mg and K. ANOVA established a statistically significant impact of the genotype, environment, and genotype × environment interaction on the variation of the grain macro- and micronutrient content. Lines with a consistently high concentration of grain minerals and high productivity were identified. These lines are of interest for wheat breeding for grain quality.

Triticum aestivumсородичи пшеницыинтрогрессивные линии мягкой пшеницысодержание микро- и макроэлементов в зернеTriticum aestivumwheat relativesintrogressive bread wheat linesconcentrations of micro- and macronutrients in grainРабота выполнена в рамках проекта 2.1.2 Государственной программы научных исследований «Биотехнологии-2» (Институт генетики и цитологии НАН Беларуси). Авторы благодарят рецензентов за их вклад в экспертную оценку этой работы.The research was performed within the framework of Project 2.1.2 of the State Scientific Research Program “Biotechnology-2” (Institute of Genetics and Cytology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus). The authors thank the reviewers for their contribution to the peer review of this work.ReferencesBalint A.F., Kovacs G., Erdei L., Sutka J. Comparison of the Cu, Zn, Fe, Ca and Mg contents of the grains of wild, ancient and cultivated wheat species. Cereal Research Communications. 2001;29(3-4):375-382. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.